Vocabulary - Lymphatic and Immune Systems
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| Adaptive immunity: | The ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mailed in attack on them. Humoral (B cells) and cell – mediated immunity (T cells) are examples.
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| Adenoids: | Mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx.
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| Antibody: | Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens.
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| Antigen: | Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; invokes an immune response.
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| Auxiliary nodes: | Lymph nodes in the armpits (underarms).
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| B cell (B lymphocyte): | Lymphocytes that matures into a plasma cell to create antibodies.
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| Cell-mediated immunity | T cells (cytotoxic, helper and suppressor) that respond to antigens and destroy them; a type of adaptive immunity.
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| Cervical nodes: | Lymph nodes in the neck region.
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| Complement system: | Proteins in the blood that help antibodies kill their target
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| Cytokines: | Protein secreted by the cytotoxic T cells to aid in antigen destruction.
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| Cytotoxic T cells: | Lymphocyte that directly kills antigens; called CD8 – positive T cell.
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| Dendrite cell: | Antigen – presenting cell. Shows T and B cells what to attack.
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| Helper T cell: | Lymph lymphocytes that aids B cells and stimulate T cells. Also called CD4 – positive T cell.
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| Humoral immunity: | These cells produce antibodies after exposure to specific antigens; type of adaptive immunity.
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| Immunity: | Body's ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins that damaged tissues and organs. This includes natural immunity and adaptive immunity.
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| Immunoglobulins: | IgA, IGE, IgG, IgE M, and IgD, secreted by plasma cells (mature B cells) in response to the presence of an antigen.
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| Immunotherapy: | Use of immature cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat or prevent disease.
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| Inguinal nodes: | Lymph nodes in groin region.
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| Interferons: | Proteins (cytokines) secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate the immune response.
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| Interleukins: | Fluid in the spaces between cells. This fluid becomes limb when it enters lymph capillaries.
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| Lymph: | Then, watery fluid found within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body.
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| Lymph capillaries: | Thinnest lymphatic vessels.
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| Lymphoid organs: | Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland.
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| Lymph node: | Collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels; contains cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) that fight infection.
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| Lymph vessel: | Carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels and the limb into veins in the upper part of the chest.
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| Macrophage: | Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body. Phag/o means to swallow.
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| Mediastinal nodes: | Lymph nodes in the area between the lungs and the thoracic (chest) cavity.
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| Mesenteric nodes: | Lymph nodes in the mesentery (intestinal region).
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| Monoclonal antibody: | Antibody produced in a laboratory to attack antigens and to destroy cells; useful in immunotherapy.
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| Natural immunity: | Protection that an individual is born with to fight infections such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and NK cells. It is not antigen specific and does not elicit memory.
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| Paraaortic nodes: | Lymph nodes near the aorta in the lumbar, waste, area of the body.
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| Plasma cell: | Lymphocytes that secrete antibodies. It matures from be lymphocytes.
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| Right lymphatic duct: | Lymphatic vessels in the chest that dreams lymph from the upper right part of the body. It empties limped into a large vein on the neck.
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| Spleen: | Organ the upper quadrant of the abdomen that destroys worn-out red blood cells, activates lymphocytes in stores blood.
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| Suppressor T cell: | Lymphocytes that inhibits the activity of B and T cells. Also called a Treg (regulatory T-cell).
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| T cell (T lymphocyte): | Lymphocytes that acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produce chemicals (cytokines) such as interferons and interleukins that are toxic to antigens.
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| Tolerance: | The ability of T lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body's own antigens as "self"or friendly. Once tolerance is established, the immune system will not react against the body.
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| Thoracic duct: | Large lymphatic vessel that drains lymph from the lower and left side of the body (head, neck, arm, and chest) it empties slam into large veins in the neck
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| Thymus gland: | Lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that conditions T cells to react foreign cells and aid in the immune response.
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| Tonsils: | Masses of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx.
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| Toxin: | Poison, a protein produced by certain bacterial, animals, or plants.
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| Vaccination: | Closure of an individual to a foreign protein (antigen) that provokes an immune response. Response will destroy any cell the processes the antigen on its surface and protect against infection
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| Vaccine: | Weakened or killed microorganisms, toxins or other proteins given to induce immunity to an infection or disease.
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