Dooley's Med Term Ch 5
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| card/o | heart
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| cardi/o | heart
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| ven/o | vein
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| arteri/o | artery
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| capill/o | capiilary
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| hem/o | blood
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| hemat/o | blood
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| atrium | one of the upper chambers of the heart
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| ventricle | one of the lower chambers of the heart
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| phleb/o | vein
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| vascul/o | blood vessels (arteries & veins)
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| pericardium | fibrous membrane that covers the heart; consists of 2 layers
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| pericardial fluid | fluid that separates the 2 layers of the percardium; reduces friction on the heart
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| epicardium | outer most layer of the heart wall; inner layer of the pericardium
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| endocardium | innermost layer of the heart wall
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| myocardium | heavy muscular layer of the heart wall
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| mitral valve | separates left atrium and left ventricle; AKA bicuspid valve
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| tricuspid valve | separates right atrium from right vnetricle
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| superior vena cava | one of largest veins; carries deoxygenated blood from the head, neck and arms; empties into the R atrium
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| inferior vena cava | one of the largest veins; carries deoxygentated blood from the lower part of the body to the R atrium
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| pulmonary | refers to the lungs
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| semilunar | half moon
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| pulmonary artery | carries oxygen poor blood from the R ventricle to the lungs; only exception to the rule that arteries always carry oxygen rich blood
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| arteries | carry blood away from the heart
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| veins | carry oxygen poor blood toward the heart
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| oxygenated | rich with oxygen
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| deoxygenated | oxygen poor
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| aorta | largest vessel (artery); arises out of the left ventricle; carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body
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| aortic semilunar valve | half moon shaped valve at the junction of the aorta and the left ventricle
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| aortic arch | the curve that the aorta makes before it begins to descend behind the heart
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| right & left pulmonary veins | bring oxygenated blood directly from the lungs into the left ventricle
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| apex | pointed end of the heart
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| left anterior descending artery | first arterial branch off of the aorta that feeds the heart muscle specifically the left heart; AKA the "widow maker"
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| coronary | refers to crown, head
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| septum | muscular wall that separates the right heart from the left heart
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| lumen | opening in vessels through which blood flows
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| systemic circulation | occurs between heart and the rest of the body's tissues except the lungs
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| pulmonary circulation | occurs between the heart and the lungs
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| electrical implulses | arise in nerves and cause the myocardium to contract & relax
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| arterioles | smaller, thinner branches of arteries; connect arteries to capillaries
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| venules | small veins that join to form larger veins
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| pulse | rhytmic expansion & contraction of an artery produced by pressure of the blood moving through the artery
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| plasma | liquid portion of the blood; 92% water
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| serum | plasma with clotting proteins removed
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| erythrocytes | red blood cells; RBC
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| hemoglobin | iron containing pigment of erythrocytes that carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues
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| white blood cell | leukocyte; protect aginst harmful invaders
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| phagocytosis | process of engulfing and digesting germs
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| platelets | fragments of cells that aid in clotting the blood
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| A,B,AB,O | four main blood types; ois universal donor; AB is universal recipient
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| blood gases | gases that dissolve in blood; oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide
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| cardiologist | medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases of the heart
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| hematologist | medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and tretment of diseases of the blood
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| ather/o | fatty substance
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| coronary artery disease | CAD; atherosclerosis of the arteries of the heart
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| atherosclerosis | hardening and narrowing of the arteries due toa buildup of cholesterol plaque
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| plaque | abnormal buildup of hardened substance
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| ischemia | deficiency in blood supply
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| ischemic heart disease | a group of cardiac disabilities that are due to insufficient blood supply the heart
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| angina pectoris | severe suffocating,choking chest pain due to incomplete blockage of the supply of oxygen to the myocardium
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| myocardial infarction | AKA a heart attack; blocckage of a coronary artery resulting in tissue death of the myocardium
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| occlusion | closing off
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| infarct | localized area of necrosis
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| necrosis | tissue death
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| carditis | inflammation of the heart
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| endocarditis | inflammation of the endocardium
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| pericarditis | inflammation of the pericardium
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| bacterial endocarditis | inflammation of the lining or valves of the heart caused by bacteria
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| myocarditis | inflammation of the myocardium
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| valvulitis | inflammation of the heart valves
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| mitral valve prolaspe | abnormal protrusion of the mitral valve; results in incomplete closure of the valve causing leakage of blood
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| prolapse | falling down
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| heart murmur | sound of an abnormally closing valve
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| arrhythmia | irregular rhythm of the heartbeat
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| bradycardia | abnormally slow heartbeat
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| tachycardia | abnormally fast heartbeat
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| flutter | arrhythmia caused by rapid & irregular atrial contractions
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| palpitation | pounding or racing heartbeat
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| fibrillation | rapid, random, & ineffective contraction sof the heart muscle
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| atrial fibrillation | AKA A fib; atria beat faster that the ventricles; produces irregular quivering of the atria and a rapid ventricular beat
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| ventricular fibrillation | AKA V fib; irregular contraction sof the ventricles; fatal unless reversed with defibrillation
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| angio- | pertains to vessel
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| angiitis | inflammation of a vessel
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| hemagioma | benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels
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| aneurysm | weak spot in an artery that can rupture causing rapid loss of blood and is often fatal
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| polyarteriitis | inflammation of many arteries
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| phlebitis | inflammationof a vein
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| varicose veins | abnormally swollen veins usually in the legs
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| thrombus | blood clot attached to the inside wall of a vein or artery
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| thrombosis | abnormal condition where a clot forms inside a vessel
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| coronary thrombosis | damage to the heart caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery
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| embolus | foreing object such as air, fat, gas, tissue, tumor or clot circulating in the blood
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| embolism | blockage of a vessel by an embolus
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| cholesterol | fatty substances that travel in the blood; essential for good health unless in excess; circulates in protein packages called lipoproteins
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| Low-density lipoprotein | AKA LDL or 'bad cholesterol'; excessive quantities add to cholesterol buildup
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| high-density lipoproteins | AKA HDL or 'good cholesterol'; doesn;t contribute to cholesterol buildup; carries unneeded cholesterol to liver to be processed
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| triglycerides | fatty acids attached to glycerol; normal in blood in small quantities
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| hyperlipidemia | having excess quantities of cholesterol, triglycerides, & lipoproteins in the blood
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Created by:
dgdooley
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