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Med Term Ch 5
Dooley's Med Term Ch 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| card/o | heart |
| cardi/o | heart |
| ven/o | vein |
| arteri/o | artery |
| capill/o | capiilary |
| hem/o | blood |
| hemat/o | blood |
| atrium | one of the upper chambers of the heart |
| ventricle | one of the lower chambers of the heart |
| phleb/o | vein |
| vascul/o | blood vessels (arteries & veins) |
| pericardium | fibrous membrane that covers the heart; consists of 2 layers |
| pericardial fluid | fluid that separates the 2 layers of the percardium; reduces friction on the heart |
| epicardium | outer most layer of the heart wall; inner layer of the pericardium |
| endocardium | innermost layer of the heart wall |
| myocardium | heavy muscular layer of the heart wall |
| mitral valve | separates left atrium and left ventricle; AKA bicuspid valve |
| tricuspid valve | separates right atrium from right vnetricle |
| superior vena cava | one of largest veins; carries deoxygenated blood from the head, neck and arms; empties into the R atrium |
| inferior vena cava | one of the largest veins; carries deoxygentated blood from the lower part of the body to the R atrium |
| pulmonary | refers to the lungs |
| semilunar | half moon |
| pulmonary artery | carries oxygen poor blood from the R ventricle to the lungs; only exception to the rule that arteries always carry oxygen rich blood |
| arteries | carry blood away from the heart |
| veins | carry oxygen poor blood toward the heart |
| oxygenated | rich with oxygen |
| deoxygenated | oxygen poor |
| aorta | largest vessel (artery); arises out of the left ventricle; carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body |
| aortic semilunar valve | half moon shaped valve at the junction of the aorta and the left ventricle |
| aortic arch | the curve that the aorta makes before it begins to descend behind the heart |
| right & left pulmonary veins | bring oxygenated blood directly from the lungs into the left ventricle |
| apex | pointed end of the heart |
| left anterior descending artery | first arterial branch off of the aorta that feeds the heart muscle specifically the left heart; AKA the "widow maker" |
| coronary | refers to crown, head |
| septum | muscular wall that separates the right heart from the left heart |
| lumen | opening in vessels through which blood flows |
| systemic circulation | occurs between heart and the rest of the body's tissues except the lungs |
| pulmonary circulation | occurs between the heart and the lungs |
| electrical implulses | arise in nerves and cause the myocardium to contract & relax |
| arterioles | smaller, thinner branches of arteries; connect arteries to capillaries |
| venules | small veins that join to form larger veins |
| pulse | rhytmic expansion & contraction of an artery produced by pressure of the blood moving through the artery |
| plasma | liquid portion of the blood; 92% water |
| serum | plasma with clotting proteins removed |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells; RBC |
| hemoglobin | iron containing pigment of erythrocytes that carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues |
| white blood cell | leukocyte; protect aginst harmful invaders |
| phagocytosis | process of engulfing and digesting germs |
| platelets | fragments of cells that aid in clotting the blood |
| A,B,AB,O | four main blood types; ois universal donor; AB is universal recipient |
| blood gases | gases that dissolve in blood; oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide |
| cardiologist | medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases of the heart |
| hematologist | medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and tretment of diseases of the blood |
| ather/o | fatty substance |
| coronary artery disease | CAD; atherosclerosis of the arteries of the heart |
| atherosclerosis | hardening and narrowing of the arteries due toa buildup of cholesterol plaque |
| plaque | abnormal buildup of hardened substance |
| ischemia | deficiency in blood supply |
| ischemic heart disease | a group of cardiac disabilities that are due to insufficient blood supply the heart |
| angina pectoris | severe suffocating,choking chest pain due to incomplete blockage of the supply of oxygen to the myocardium |
| myocardial infarction | AKA a heart attack; blocckage of a coronary artery resulting in tissue death of the myocardium |
| occlusion | closing off |
| infarct | localized area of necrosis |
| necrosis | tissue death |
| carditis | inflammation of the heart |
| endocarditis | inflammation of the endocardium |
| pericarditis | inflammation of the pericardium |
| bacterial endocarditis | inflammation of the lining or valves of the heart caused by bacteria |
| myocarditis | inflammation of the myocardium |
| valvulitis | inflammation of the heart valves |
| mitral valve prolaspe | abnormal protrusion of the mitral valve; results in incomplete closure of the valve causing leakage of blood |
| prolapse | falling down |
| heart murmur | sound of an abnormally closing valve |
| arrhythmia | irregular rhythm of the heartbeat |
| bradycardia | abnormally slow heartbeat |
| tachycardia | abnormally fast heartbeat |
| flutter | arrhythmia caused by rapid & irregular atrial contractions |
| palpitation | pounding or racing heartbeat |
| fibrillation | rapid, random, & ineffective contraction sof the heart muscle |
| atrial fibrillation | AKA A fib; atria beat faster that the ventricles; produces irregular quivering of the atria and a rapid ventricular beat |
| ventricular fibrillation | AKA V fib; irregular contraction sof the ventricles; fatal unless reversed with defibrillation |
| angio- | pertains to vessel |
| angiitis | inflammation of a vessel |
| hemagioma | benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels |
| aneurysm | weak spot in an artery that can rupture causing rapid loss of blood and is often fatal |
| polyarteriitis | inflammation of many arteries |
| phlebitis | inflammationof a vein |
| varicose veins | abnormally swollen veins usually in the legs |
| thrombus | blood clot attached to the inside wall of a vein or artery |
| thrombosis | abnormal condition where a clot forms inside a vessel |
| coronary thrombosis | damage to the heart caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery |
| embolus | foreing object such as air, fat, gas, tissue, tumor or clot circulating in the blood |
| embolism | blockage of a vessel by an embolus |
| cholesterol | fatty substances that travel in the blood; essential for good health unless in excess; circulates in protein packages called lipoproteins |
| Low-density lipoprotein | AKA LDL or 'bad cholesterol'; excessive quantities add to cholesterol buildup |
| high-density lipoproteins | AKA HDL or 'good cholesterol'; doesn;t contribute to cholesterol buildup; carries unneeded cholesterol to liver to be processed |
| triglycerides | fatty acids attached to glycerol; normal in blood in small quantities |
| hyperlipidemia | having excess quantities of cholesterol, triglycerides, & lipoproteins in the blood |
Created by:
dgdooley
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