Specialty CL's - Corneal Topography
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| high plus lenses/lenses for aphakia patients have ____ centers and ___ edges? | Thick centers,
thin edges
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| high plus lenses / lenses for aphakia patients have a _____ field of view? | small
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| are high plus lenses available in soft/ gp or both | BOTH
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| What are two types of GP lens designs? | 1. Single Cut
2.Lenticular
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| Single cut lens designs have how many base curves? | ONE
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| Do single cut lens designs have any peripheral curves? | NO
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| What is the average diameter of a single cut lens design? | 7.5 - 8.5
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| Single cut lenses are used when K's are steeper than? | 45.00
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| Patients with a smaller palpebral fissure should wear what type of GP lens design? | Single cut
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| This type of GP lens design reduces center thickness, eliminates junctures, and is more comfortable for the patient? | SINGLE CUT
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| what are three disadvantages of a single cut lens design? | 1.difficult to handle (small)
2.ride low
3.patient has ARA may decenter laterally
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| this GP lens design is myoflange,minus lenticular, or minus carrier? | LENTICULAR
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| the average dia for a lenticular lens design ? | 9.0 -9.5
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| the lenticular lens design is used for K's that are 45.00D or _____? | flatter
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| This typer of GP lens design is easier to remove and reduces weight and thickness? | Lenticular
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| high minus lenses are _-_____ diopters or greater | -5.00
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| This is an in office modification to thin the anterior edge surface of the lens from -3.00 to -4.00 | CN BEVEL
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| 1970'S the scleral lens was ____ again? | introduced
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| in the 1980's a GP scleral lens was fit when? | when other lenses didnt work
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| what are the three type of scleral lenses? | 1.Corneo-scleral lens/semi scleral lens
2.mini scleral lens
3.full scleral lens
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| this scleral lens is larger than conventional GP lenses, and rests near the junction between the cornea and sclera? | Corneo-scleral lens/semi scleral lens
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| This scleral lens vaults entire cornea and rests on sclera? | Mini Scleral Lens
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| This is the LARGEST scleral lens , vaults limbal area , rests on sclera; has greatest clerance between back surface and cornea? | Full Scleral Lens
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| what do you use to fit scleral lenses? | manufactures fitting guide
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| someone who cant wear any other lens is a good canidate for what type of lens? | sclearal lens
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| scleral lenses help patients with what three things? | 1.irregular corneas
2.hard to fit eyes
3.dry eyes
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| KNOW HOW TO APPLY/REMOVE/CARE for SCLERAL LENSES!!!!!!!!!! | :) REFER TO NOTES
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| first hybrid lens? | saturn lens
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| this lens was FDA approved in 2005 ? | synergeyes
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| KNOW HOW TO APPLY/REMOVE/ AND CARE FOR HYBRID LENSES? | :) REFER TO NOTES
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| Orthokeratology, ortho k, accelerated ortho K, and corneal refractive therapy is used to do what? | reshape cornea to get normal vision
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| will cornea go back to original shape if not worn all the time with orthokeratology? | YES
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| do you have to wear a retainer lens with orthokeratology ? | YES
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| orthokeratology started in 1956 with pmma then later went to | GP
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| CRT lens was manufactured by who? | paragon
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| a CRT lens has a central optical zone with a flatter radius of curvature compared to _______ curves? | intermediate
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| are CRT lenses worn during sleeping hors? | yes
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| with CRT lenses vision improves within ______ days and is stabalized within a few days or months? | a few days
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| with CRT lenses a retainer can be worn every night, every other night , or once or twice a week depending on what? | RX
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| What is the most common type of color deficency? | red/green
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| a color deficencey is not serious unless it interferes with job, safety, or _____ learning? | children
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| Contacts can assist with color deficiency but cannot ___ it. | cure
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| color deficiency lenses are available in ____ and ___ lenses? | soft and GP
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| x-chrome , ruby chromatic, and chromage are red lenses used for what type of color deficiency? | red/green
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| 1 red lens is worn on the ____ eye ? | non dominant
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| the non dominant eye without the red lens ______ the green? | absorbs
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| H Ruby -55.00 | NOT FOR COLOR DEFICIENCY AND attaches to slit lamp
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| enhancement tints enhances ___ colored eyes? | light
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| enhancement tints absorb ____ -_____ % of light | 10-20%
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| opaque tints have to have ____ pupil? | clear
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| opaque tints changes the color of _____ iris's? | ALL
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| Opaque lenses have to center well so ____ is not covered? | pupil
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| custom / prosthetic tinted lenses are for what type of eyes? | disfigured
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| leukoma ? | dense ; opacity of cornea
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| hand painted lenses are made to ____ disfigured or scarred eyes? | match
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| should you wear sunglasses even if you are wearing a lens with a uv tint? | YES
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| visibility tints absorb about ____% of light? | 10
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| this is conical thinning and pertusion of the central cornea? | keratoconus
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| the cause and cure of keratoconus? | UNKKNOWN
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| when is keratoconus usually noticed ? | late teens to early 20's
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| when does keratoconus usually stabalize? | age 40
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| 1.high myopia 2.steep k's 3.irregular k's 4.apical scarring | are optical disturbances that occur with keratoconus
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| retinoscope | hand held instrument used to obtain the refracted status of the eye .
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| with a retinoscope you see an unusual ___ motion with keratoconus? | scissor
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| phoropter ? | used for refraction
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| placido disc? | hand held instrument look through center hole at patients cornea , has black and white circles the cornea is like a mirror
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| normal cornea = | circles normal
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| Keratoscope ? | looks like a retinoscope but has circles from placidos disc
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| photokeratoscoe? | like placidos except has light and takes pics
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| computer assisted video keratoscop(CAV) topographer? | provides thousands of data points, measures &maps the cornea , provides hard copy and computer of a multi color conture map. each scale is different and is documented in diopter power
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| Corrections for Keratoconus in early stages? | glasses and contacts can be worn
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| as keratoconus progresses the cornea gets irregular so how could you correct Keratoconus? | GP lenses
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| which lens is best for correcting irregular corneas? | GP
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| 4 special keratoconus lenses? | 1.sopercone
2.mcGuire
3.Nicome
4.Rose K/Rose K2
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| this lens was designed by Joseph Soper in 1960s. is fit by adjusting sagittal depth . lens will have steep BC and flat flange(steep in middle) | Sopercone
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| as cornea steepens ___________ ________ is the first complaint? | light sensitivity
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| This lens was designed by James McGuire in the 1960's uses three different lenses for three cones? | McGuire
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| The McGuire lenses have____ posterior peripheral cones and a ___ OZ | 4:
SMALL
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| What are the three different cone shapes in the McGuire lens? | 1.Nipple/ Round shape
2.Oval/Sagging
3.Globus
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| The Nipple/Round shape is the smallest and uses a diameter of ____? | 8.1
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| The Oval/Sagging cone shape is a ___ cone and SAGS . Diameter of _____? | LONGER:
8.6
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| The Globus cone shape is the ____ and can involve 3 quaters of the cornea has a diameter of ____? | LARGEST:
9.1
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| This special Keratoconus lens was designed by Nick Siviglia in the 1970s? | Nicome
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| the Nicome lens has ____ BC and ___ peripheral curve which provides a multiple vaulting back surface that makes lens more comfortable ? | 3;
1
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| What are the three BC of the Nicome lens? | 1 BC for disease portion
1 BC for non disease portion
1 BC for transition zone
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| This special keratoconus lens was designed by paul rose . the OZ decreases in size while BC steepens so it aligns the cone and flattens in periphery | Rose K/Rose K2
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| Hybrid lenses ; the GP correct the _____ cornea and the soft skirt is for _____? | IRREGULAR;
COMFORT
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| two hyrbid lenses that are now discontinued? | saturn and sofperm
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| the only company that now has hybrid lenses? | SYNERGEYES
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| synergeyes KC and Clear kone are hybrid lenses made by which company? | SYNERGEYES
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| a piggy back has a ___ lens on cornea for comfort | soft
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| a piggy back has a ___ lens on top of soft to correct cornea | GP
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| with a piggy back lens the soft lens can be slightly plus to make the gp_______? | stay on better
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| some soft lenses used for piggy back have depressions on them so the ____ can set on it ! | GP
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| What material are scleral lenses made of ? | the same as GP
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| Scleral lenses can also be called what? | HAPTIC
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| Scleral Lenses can be used to correct _____ astig? | irregular
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| Scleral lenses do not touch the cornea , they rest on the ______? | sclera
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| true of false : scleral lenses are more comfortable than GP | TRUE
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| what do you fill scleral lenses wih before inserting them in your eye? | unpreserved saline
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| This is a treatment used to stabalize Keratoconus? | Corneal Crosslinking with Riboflavin and UV treatment
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| use riboflavin and uv treatment to see if the treatment will increase collogen in the eye to ________ keratoconus? | stabalize
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| The riboflavina and uv treatment increases collogen which anchors the cornea and prevents the cornea from doing what? | buldging and becoming irregular
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| the riboflaving and uv treatment can be done with cornea in tact or removing the _____ layer , applying riboflavin then exposing the cornea to ____? | EPITHELIAL ;
UV
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| what is the LAST resort for keratoconus? | corneal transplant
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| this is used to remove distorted cornea and the donor cornea? (cookie cutter) | Trephine
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| This is a V shaped indentation observed on lower eyelid when patient looks down? | Munson's Sign
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| This term is used to describe a decreased cornea sensitivity due to keratoconus? | Axen Feilds Sign
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| Vertical white lines found in posterior stroma and decemes found in keratoconus patients? | Vogt's Striae
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| yellowish / brown olive green ring of iron deposites seen around base of cone or completely around cone | Fleishers Ring
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| This is when decemes membrane ruptures and aqueous flows into the cornea , causing severe edema! | Corneal Hydrops
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| Pellucid Marginal Degeneration (pmd) is inferior stroma thinning and steeping in the ___ and ___ o'clock potition. | 4&8
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| Terriens Marginal Degeneration is the ________ of the cornea at the limbus . little to no pain | thinning
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| refractive surgery is designed to altar the ___ of the cornea and improve vision and eliminate the use of glasses and CL | SHAPE
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| Refractive surgery shouldnt be preformed to people under ___ years old? | 21
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| Refractive surgery cannot be _____ ? | reversed
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| procedure where a countersink or button of cornea is removed ,frozen, shaped to correct refractive error and sutured back to original cornea? | Keratomileus
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| Lasik is also know as? | Laser Assisted IN Situ Keratomilens
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| Lasik is used to correct myopia,hyperopia, and astigmatism by reshaping the _____? | cornea
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| When doing lasik surgery if patient has myopia the cornea is made ______? | FLATTER
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| When performing lasik surgery if patient has hyperopia the cornea is made____? | STEEPER
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| If patient has astigmatism the lasik surgery makes cornea _____? | spherical
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| This surgery removes cornea tissue from outer surface of the cornea with a laser ; no flap? | Photo Refractive Keratectomy (PRK)
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| This is a refractive surgery in which sutures , a donor cornea on top of patients existing cornea to reduce extreme refractive error? | Epikeratophakia
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| This refractive surgery involves making tiny slits on the surface of the cornea with a very sharp knife, which flattens the cornea and reduces myopia ? | radial keratotomy (RK)
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| how many incisions are made with radial kerototmy ? | 4-16 depending on Rx
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| This is a surgery where incisions are made on surface of cornea to correct ASTIGMATISM | Astigmatic Keratotomy
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| how many incisions , angle , and distrobution is made with astigmatic keratotomy? | depends on amount of astigmatism
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| Intacs are two tiny little plastic half rings placed between the layers of the cornea in the _______? | periphery
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| intacs are used for patients with low levels of _______? | myopia
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| the intacs are used to reshape the cornea to improve vision and can be removed or ______? | replaced
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| If intacs are removed permanently the vision will do what? | return back to what it previously was
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| are intacs approved for keratoconus patients? | YES
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| what is clear lens extraction? | take out crystalline lens and insert iol used to treat myopia and is a clear lens so pat wont have cataracts
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| this is an angle that the edge of a bead of water makes with the surface of the CL | Wetting angle
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| the lower the wetting angle the better the ______ which helps tears spread evenly over the lens? | wetablility
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| do you want a high or low wetting angle? | LOW
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| dk/L or dK/T | how much oxygen/ thickness
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| If there is excess of tears behind the lens the fluorescein patterns will be _______ green? | BRIGHT
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| if the fluorscein has very few tears it will be _____ green? | faint/light or even black
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| what is the ideal fluorescein pattern? | distributed evenly behind the optical zone of the lens and brighter green in periphery
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| intrapalpebral fit /apical clearance (steep fit) is bright green in the __________? | middle
fluroscein pools to center
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| if there are frothing/air bubbles in the middle of the lens it means the lens is too ________? | STEEP
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| flat fitting lenses are faint green in the _____ and black in _______ | middle;
periphery
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| if lens is too flat it can cause fluoroscein to pool around the edge which causes the edge to do what? | lift or bubble
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| another name for corneal topography is ? | photokeratoscopy/ video keratopography
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| corneal topography produces mulitcolored conture map of cornea . the colors represent different_____ values across corneas? | curvature
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| blue or cool colors on a corneal topography represent ____ curves? | flat
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| red or warm colors on a corneal topography represent ____ curves? | steep
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| ortho K/ CRT is ___ of cornea / temporary reduction of myopia | reshaping
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| if someone has WRA the red colors will be _____ | vertical
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| if someone has ARA the blue colors will be | horizontal
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| oblique means the bow tie pattern rotates ____ from the horizontal or vertical meridian. | away
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| with keratoconus the red/hot colors are more towards the _______? | CENTER
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| PMD is ____ at bottom? | STEEP
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| people with dry eyes may need? | punctal plugs
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| notes |
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