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Contact Lens test 4
Specialty CL's - Corneal Topography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| high plus lenses/lenses for aphakia patients have ____ centers and ___ edges? | Thick centers, thin edges |
| high plus lenses / lenses for aphakia patients have a _____ field of view? | small |
| are high plus lenses available in soft/ gp or both | BOTH |
| What are two types of GP lens designs? | 1. Single Cut 2.Lenticular |
| Single cut lens designs have how many base curves? | ONE |
| Do single cut lens designs have any peripheral curves? | NO |
| What is the average diameter of a single cut lens design? | 7.5 - 8.5 |
| Single cut lenses are used when K's are steeper than? | 45.00 |
| Patients with a smaller palpebral fissure should wear what type of GP lens design? | Single cut |
| This type of GP lens design reduces center thickness, eliminates junctures, and is more comfortable for the patient? | SINGLE CUT |
| what are three disadvantages of a single cut lens design? | 1.difficult to handle (small) 2.ride low 3.patient has ARA may decenter laterally |
| this GP lens design is myoflange,minus lenticular, or minus carrier? | LENTICULAR |
| the average dia for a lenticular lens design ? | 9.0 -9.5 |
| the lenticular lens design is used for K's that are 45.00D or _____? | flatter |
| This typer of GP lens design is easier to remove and reduces weight and thickness? | Lenticular |
| high minus lenses are _-_____ diopters or greater | -5.00 |
| This is an in office modification to thin the anterior edge surface of the lens from -3.00 to -4.00 | CN BEVEL |
| 1970'S the scleral lens was ____ again? | introduced |
| in the 1980's a GP scleral lens was fit when? | when other lenses didnt work |
| what are the three type of scleral lenses? | 1.Corneo-scleral lens/semi scleral lens 2.mini scleral lens 3.full scleral lens |
| this scleral lens is larger than conventional GP lenses, and rests near the junction between the cornea and sclera? | Corneo-scleral lens/semi scleral lens |
| This scleral lens vaults entire cornea and rests on sclera? | Mini Scleral Lens |
| This is the LARGEST scleral lens , vaults limbal area , rests on sclera; has greatest clerance between back surface and cornea? | Full Scleral Lens |
| what do you use to fit scleral lenses? | manufactures fitting guide |
| someone who cant wear any other lens is a good canidate for what type of lens? | sclearal lens |
| scleral lenses help patients with what three things? | 1.irregular corneas 2.hard to fit eyes 3.dry eyes |
| KNOW HOW TO APPLY/REMOVE/CARE for SCLERAL LENSES!!!!!!!!!! | :) REFER TO NOTES |
| first hybrid lens? | saturn lens |
| this lens was FDA approved in 2005 ? | synergeyes |
| KNOW HOW TO APPLY/REMOVE/ AND CARE FOR HYBRID LENSES? | :) REFER TO NOTES |
| Orthokeratology, ortho k, accelerated ortho K, and corneal refractive therapy is used to do what? | reshape cornea to get normal vision |
| will cornea go back to original shape if not worn all the time with orthokeratology? | YES |
| do you have to wear a retainer lens with orthokeratology ? | YES |
| orthokeratology started in 1956 with pmma then later went to | GP |
| CRT lens was manufactured by who? | paragon |
| a CRT lens has a central optical zone with a flatter radius of curvature compared to _______ curves? | intermediate |
| are CRT lenses worn during sleeping hors? | yes |
| with CRT lenses vision improves within ______ days and is stabalized within a few days or months? | a few days |
| with CRT lenses a retainer can be worn every night, every other night , or once or twice a week depending on what? | RX |
| What is the most common type of color deficency? | red/green |
| a color deficencey is not serious unless it interferes with job, safety, or _____ learning? | children |
| Contacts can assist with color deficiency but cannot ___ it. | cure |
| color deficiency lenses are available in ____ and ___ lenses? | soft and GP |
| x-chrome , ruby chromatic, and chromage are red lenses used for what type of color deficiency? | red/green |
| 1 red lens is worn on the ____ eye ? | non dominant |
| the non dominant eye without the red lens ______ the green? | absorbs |
| H Ruby -55.00 | NOT FOR COLOR DEFICIENCY AND attaches to slit lamp |
| enhancement tints enhances ___ colored eyes? | light |
| enhancement tints absorb ____ -_____ % of light | 10-20% |
| opaque tints have to have ____ pupil? | clear |
| opaque tints changes the color of _____ iris's? | ALL |
| Opaque lenses have to center well so ____ is not covered? | pupil |
| custom / prosthetic tinted lenses are for what type of eyes? | disfigured |
| leukoma ? | dense ; opacity of cornea |
| hand painted lenses are made to ____ disfigured or scarred eyes? | match |
| should you wear sunglasses even if you are wearing a lens with a uv tint? | YES |
| visibility tints absorb about ____% of light? | 10 |
| this is conical thinning and pertusion of the central cornea? | keratoconus |
| the cause and cure of keratoconus? | UNKKNOWN |
| when is keratoconus usually noticed ? | late teens to early 20's |
| when does keratoconus usually stabalize? | age 40 |
| 1.high myopia 2.steep k's 3.irregular k's 4.apical scarring | are optical disturbances that occur with keratoconus |
| retinoscope | hand held instrument used to obtain the refracted status of the eye . |
| with a retinoscope you see an unusual ___ motion with keratoconus? | scissor |
| phoropter ? | used for refraction |
| placido disc? | hand held instrument look through center hole at patients cornea , has black and white circles the cornea is like a mirror |
| normal cornea = | circles normal |
| Keratoscope ? | looks like a retinoscope but has circles from placidos disc |
| photokeratoscoe? | like placidos except has light and takes pics |
| computer assisted video keratoscop(CAV) topographer? | provides thousands of data points, measures &maps the cornea , provides hard copy and computer of a multi color conture map. each scale is different and is documented in diopter power |
| Corrections for Keratoconus in early stages? | glasses and contacts can be worn |
| as keratoconus progresses the cornea gets irregular so how could you correct Keratoconus? | GP lenses |
| which lens is best for correcting irregular corneas? | GP |
| 4 special keratoconus lenses? | 1.sopercone 2.mcGuire 3.Nicome 4.Rose K/Rose K2 |
| this lens was designed by Joseph Soper in 1960s. is fit by adjusting sagittal depth . lens will have steep BC and flat flange(steep in middle) | Sopercone |
| as cornea steepens ___________ ________ is the first complaint? | light sensitivity |
| This lens was designed by James McGuire in the 1960's uses three different lenses for three cones? | McGuire |
| The McGuire lenses have____ posterior peripheral cones and a ___ OZ | 4: SMALL |
| What are the three different cone shapes in the McGuire lens? | 1.Nipple/ Round shape 2.Oval/Sagging 3.Globus |
| The Nipple/Round shape is the smallest and uses a diameter of ____? | 8.1 |
| The Oval/Sagging cone shape is a ___ cone and SAGS . Diameter of _____? | LONGER: 8.6 |
| The Globus cone shape is the ____ and can involve 3 quaters of the cornea has a diameter of ____? | LARGEST: 9.1 |
| This special Keratoconus lens was designed by Nick Siviglia in the 1970s? | Nicome |
| the Nicome lens has ____ BC and ___ peripheral curve which provides a multiple vaulting back surface that makes lens more comfortable ? | 3; 1 |
| What are the three BC of the Nicome lens? | 1 BC for disease portion 1 BC for non disease portion 1 BC for transition zone |
| This special keratoconus lens was designed by paul rose . the OZ decreases in size while BC steepens so it aligns the cone and flattens in periphery | Rose K/Rose K2 |
| Hybrid lenses ; the GP correct the _____ cornea and the soft skirt is for _____? | IRREGULAR; COMFORT |
| two hyrbid lenses that are now discontinued? | saturn and sofperm |
| the only company that now has hybrid lenses? | SYNERGEYES |
| synergeyes KC and Clear kone are hybrid lenses made by which company? | SYNERGEYES |
| a piggy back has a ___ lens on cornea for comfort | soft |
| a piggy back has a ___ lens on top of soft to correct cornea | GP |
| with a piggy back lens the soft lens can be slightly plus to make the gp_______? | stay on better |
| some soft lenses used for piggy back have depressions on them so the ____ can set on it ! | GP |
| What material are scleral lenses made of ? | the same as GP |
| Scleral lenses can also be called what? | HAPTIC |
| Scleral Lenses can be used to correct _____ astig? | irregular |
| Scleral lenses do not touch the cornea , they rest on the ______? | sclera |
| true of false : scleral lenses are more comfortable than GP | TRUE |
| what do you fill scleral lenses wih before inserting them in your eye? | unpreserved saline |
| This is a treatment used to stabalize Keratoconus? | Corneal Crosslinking with Riboflavin and UV treatment |
| use riboflavin and uv treatment to see if the treatment will increase collogen in the eye to ________ keratoconus? | stabalize |
| The riboflavina and uv treatment increases collogen which anchors the cornea and prevents the cornea from doing what? | buldging and becoming irregular |
| the riboflaving and uv treatment can be done with cornea in tact or removing the _____ layer , applying riboflavin then exposing the cornea to ____? | EPITHELIAL ; UV |
| what is the LAST resort for keratoconus? | corneal transplant |
| this is used to remove distorted cornea and the donor cornea? (cookie cutter) | Trephine |
| This is a V shaped indentation observed on lower eyelid when patient looks down? | Munson's Sign |
| This term is used to describe a decreased cornea sensitivity due to keratoconus? | Axen Feilds Sign |
| Vertical white lines found in posterior stroma and decemes found in keratoconus patients? | Vogt's Striae |
| yellowish / brown olive green ring of iron deposites seen around base of cone or completely around cone | Fleishers Ring |
| This is when decemes membrane ruptures and aqueous flows into the cornea , causing severe edema! | Corneal Hydrops |
| Pellucid Marginal Degeneration (pmd) is inferior stroma thinning and steeping in the ___ and ___ o'clock potition. | 4&8 |
| Terriens Marginal Degeneration is the ________ of the cornea at the limbus . little to no pain | thinning |
| refractive surgery is designed to altar the ___ of the cornea and improve vision and eliminate the use of glasses and CL | SHAPE |
| Refractive surgery shouldnt be preformed to people under ___ years old? | 21 |
| Refractive surgery cannot be _____ ? | reversed |
| procedure where a countersink or button of cornea is removed ,frozen, shaped to correct refractive error and sutured back to original cornea? | Keratomileus |
| Lasik is also know as? | Laser Assisted IN Situ Keratomilens |
| Lasik is used to correct myopia,hyperopia, and astigmatism by reshaping the _____? | cornea |
| When doing lasik surgery if patient has myopia the cornea is made ______? | FLATTER |
| When performing lasik surgery if patient has hyperopia the cornea is made____? | STEEPER |
| If patient has astigmatism the lasik surgery makes cornea _____? | spherical |
| This surgery removes cornea tissue from outer surface of the cornea with a laser ; no flap? | Photo Refractive Keratectomy (PRK) |
| This is a refractive surgery in which sutures , a donor cornea on top of patients existing cornea to reduce extreme refractive error? | Epikeratophakia |
| This refractive surgery involves making tiny slits on the surface of the cornea with a very sharp knife, which flattens the cornea and reduces myopia ? | radial keratotomy (RK) |
| how many incisions are made with radial kerototmy ? | 4-16 depending on Rx |
| This is a surgery where incisions are made on surface of cornea to correct ASTIGMATISM | Astigmatic Keratotomy |
| how many incisions , angle , and distrobution is made with astigmatic keratotomy? | depends on amount of astigmatism |
| Intacs are two tiny little plastic half rings placed between the layers of the cornea in the _______? | periphery |
| intacs are used for patients with low levels of _______? | myopia |
| the intacs are used to reshape the cornea to improve vision and can be removed or ______? | replaced |
| If intacs are removed permanently the vision will do what? | return back to what it previously was |
| are intacs approved for keratoconus patients? | YES |
| what is clear lens extraction? | take out crystalline lens and insert iol used to treat myopia and is a clear lens so pat wont have cataracts |
| this is an angle that the edge of a bead of water makes with the surface of the CL | Wetting angle |
| the lower the wetting angle the better the ______ which helps tears spread evenly over the lens? | wetablility |
| do you want a high or low wetting angle? | LOW |
| dk/L or dK/T | how much oxygen/ thickness |
| If there is excess of tears behind the lens the fluorescein patterns will be _______ green? | BRIGHT |
| if the fluorscein has very few tears it will be _____ green? | faint/light or even black |
| what is the ideal fluorescein pattern? | distributed evenly behind the optical zone of the lens and brighter green in periphery |
| intrapalpebral fit /apical clearance (steep fit) is bright green in the __________? | middle fluroscein pools to center |
| if there are frothing/air bubbles in the middle of the lens it means the lens is too ________? | STEEP |
| flat fitting lenses are faint green in the _____ and black in _______ | middle; periphery |
| if lens is too flat it can cause fluoroscein to pool around the edge which causes the edge to do what? | lift or bubble |
| another name for corneal topography is ? | photokeratoscopy/ video keratopography |
| corneal topography produces mulitcolored conture map of cornea . the colors represent different_____ values across corneas? | curvature |
| blue or cool colors on a corneal topography represent ____ curves? | flat |
| red or warm colors on a corneal topography represent ____ curves? | steep |
| ortho K/ CRT is ___ of cornea / temporary reduction of myopia | reshaping |
| if someone has WRA the red colors will be _____ | vertical |
| if someone has ARA the blue colors will be | horizontal |
| oblique means the bow tie pattern rotates ____ from the horizontal or vertical meridian. | away |
| with keratoconus the red/hot colors are more towards the _______? | CENTER |
| PMD is ____ at bottom? | STEEP |
| people with dry eyes may need? | punctal plugs |
| notes |
Created by:
Britt7
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