Laboratory Procedures
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| anticoagulant | substance that prevents blood from clotting
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| blood chemistry analyzer | machine that measures routine blood chemistries and electrolytes
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| blood plasma | The liquid portion of the blood. Contains blood cells.
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| blood serum | liquid portion of the whole blood. Does not contain clotting factors of blood. Plasma - Clotting factors
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| blood smear | blood film placed on a slide that is used to look at the morphology of blood cells
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| budding yeast | bacteria that are in the shape of a budding flower
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| buffy coat | layers within a hematocrit or PCV that form visible white composed of white blood cells and platelets
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| capillary action | the action of blood draining into the tube through gravity
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| catheterized | a long, thin rubber or plastic sterile tube inserted into the bladder through the external urinary opening to collect a urine sample
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| centrifuge | Vet tool used to spin lab samples at a high rate of speed and force used to separate or concentrate materials suspended in a liquid form.
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| centrifuge tube | glass or plastic tube that holds samples within a centrifuge
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| chemical stirp | long, thin strip separated by individual square pads containing a chemically treated paper.
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| cocci | round bacteria shape
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| commercial serologic test kit | commonly used test kit in a vet facility to provide quick and accurate results of common viruses and diseases
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| complete blood count (CBC) | blood test
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| conical | pointed shaped end
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| Coplin jar | glass container that holds chemicals for use in staining slide samples
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| coverslip | thin piece of glass that fits over the sample on the slide
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| culture and sensitivity | test that determines if a bacterial issue is occurring and what type of bacteria is causing the health condition and what antibiotic should be used in treating the problem
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| cystocentesis | surgical puncture into the bladder using a needle to collect a urine sample
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| decant | process of pouring the urine out of the tube and allowing only sediment on the bottom to remain in the tube
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| diaphragm mechanism | part of the microscope that allows the slide sample to be moved both up and down and side to side to view the entire sample
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| dip stick | long, thin plastic strip separated by individual square pads containing a chemically treated paper
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| electrolytes | determine that balance of elements in the body, specifically potassium, sodium, and chloride
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| erythrocytes | red blood cells
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| eye piece | the portion of a microscope that you look through
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| feathered edge | the staggered area at the end of the slide where the vet or tech reads and interprets a blood slide
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| fecal floatation | technique done to sample the fecal material to determine if any parasite eggs are within the sample by placing feces in a liquid
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| fecal sample | used to diagnose internal parasites and the presence of blood in the stool
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| fecal smear | preparation by placing a small amount of the fecal sample onto a microscope slide
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| flocculent | contains large amounts of particles called sediment suspended in the urine and appearing cloudy
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| focus knob | the portion of the microscope that allows better visualization of the sample
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| formalin | chemical used to preserve tissue samples
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| gram negative | bacteria that stains red
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| gram positive | bacteria that stains purple
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| gram stain | tests evaluated to determine presence of bacteria and type of bacteria in a sample
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| gross examination | visible observation of feces
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| hematocrit | measurement of the percentage of red blood cells in whole or unclotted blood. Also called a PVC
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| hematology | the study of blood
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| hemolysis | the rupture of red blood cells causing a pink coloration to develop in the plasma or serum.
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| in-house testing | lab samples are analyzed in the vet facility
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| lens objective | microscope viewer that offers a variety of different powers
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| medium | gel where organism growth may occur
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| microhematocrit | measurement of the percentage of red blood cells in whole or unclotted blood: also called a PCV
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| microhematocrit tube | thin, small glass tubes that hold blood within a centrifuge
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| midstream | urine collected shortly after the urination begins and just prior to the process of ending
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| morphology | the cell structure, shape, color, and appearance
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| necropsy | procedure done by examining the body of a deceased animal to determine the cause of death
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| oil immersion | the use of a specialized oil that is placed over a sample in order to view the contents
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| packed cell volume | measurement of the percentage of red blood cells in whole or unclotted blood. also called a hematocrit
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| panel | individual blood test
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| plasma protein | measures the ratio of protein within the blood and helps determine hydration status and inflammation. also called total protein.
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| reagent | chemicals are used to run each individual test in the entire kit
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| reagent strip | chemical test strip used to analyze urine or blood. Strip separated by individual pads containing chemically treated paper
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| reference lab | commercial lab to analyze samples that can not be tested in the vet facility
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| refractometer | tool used to measure the weight of a liquid and determine the liquid's PH level
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| rods | oblong bacteria shape
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| rotors | wheels in a centrifuge that spin
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| SNAP test | a serologic test
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| specific gravity | the weight of a liquid
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| total protein | measures the ratio of protein within the blood and helps determine hydration status and inflammation, also called plasma protein
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| urinalysis | break down of urines components
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| vacutainer tube | tube used to place blood samples in for future sampling
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| voided | urine sample collected as the animal is urinating
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| whole blood | blood sample placed in a lavender top tube to prevent clotting of the sample
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