Purple Module Special Senses Reverse Definitions
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vestibulae | A chamber that joins the cochlea and semicircular canals
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equilibrium | A state of balance, controlled by the semicircular canals and the vestibulae
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eustacian tube | A tube which connects the nose and the throat with the cavity of the middle ear.
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cerumen | A waxy secretion produced by the glands of the external ear canal to prevent the entrance of tiny foreign particles.
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refractive | Ability to bend light rays as they pass from one medium to another.
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epiphora | Abnormal overflow of tears
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glaucoma | Accumulation of aqueous humor in the eye.
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accommodation | Adjustment of the eye for various distances so that the images fall on the retina of the eye.
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cycloplegic agents | Agents which paralyze ciliary muscles, causing dilation of the pupils.
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ametropia | An error in refraction causing poor focus.
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retinopathy | Any disorder of the retinal blood vessels
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humor | Any fluid or semifluid in the body.
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conduction impairment | Blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear.
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retinitis pigmentosa | Chronic progressive disease of degeneration of the retina and atrophy of of the optic nerve.
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trachoma | Chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis common in the southwestern United States that typically leads to blindness.
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acuity | Clearness or sharpness of a sensory function.
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anacusis | Complete deafness
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noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) | Condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, caused by sounds that are "too long, too loud, or too close".
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strabismus | Condition in which one eye is misaligned with the other or out of synchrony.
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ophthalmatic decongestants | Constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion.
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otoplasty | Corrective surgery for a deformed or excessively large or small pinea
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blepharoplasty | Cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sun.
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dacryocystorhinostomy | Creation of an opening into the nose for draining of tears.
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antiglaucoma agents | Decrease aqueous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and cornea
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astigmatism | Defective curvature of the cornea or lens.
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corectasis | Dilation of the pupil
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otopyorrhea | Discharge of pus from the ear
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Meniere disease | Disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive loss of hearing.
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mydriatics | Disrupt parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye or stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing the pupil to dilate.
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otalgia | Ear pain
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fluorescin angiography | Evaluation of blood vessels and their leakage in an beneath the retina after injection of fluorescin dye, which circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are obtained.
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tonometry | Evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force.
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retinoscopy | Evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays.
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tuning fork test | Evaluation of sound conduction using a vibrating tuning fork
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ectropion | Eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid
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gonioscopy | Examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma.
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iridectomy | Excision of the iris
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hyperopia | Farsightedness
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dacryorrhea | Flow of tears
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perilymph | Fluid that very closely resembles spinal fluid but found in the cochlea
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ear irrigation | Flushing of the ear canal with water or saline to dislodge foreign bodies or impacted cerumen
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cyclodialysis | Formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma
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otosclerosis | Hardening of the spongy bone around the oval window of the ear , causing hearing loss
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audition | Hearing
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nyctalopia | Impaired vision in dim light; also called night blindless
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presbyacusis | Impairment of hearing resulting from old age; also called presbyacusia
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radial keratotomy (RK) | Incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism
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otitis externa | Infection of the external auditory canal
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conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the conunctiva with vascular congestion, producing a red or pink eye and may be secondary to allergy or viral, bacterial, or fungal infections
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eustachitis | Inflammation of the eustachian tube
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labyrinthitis | Inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process.
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iritis | Inflammation of the iris
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otitis media | Inflammation of the middle ear.
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ophthalmic antibiotics | Inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye.
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pressure-equalizing (PE) tube placement | Insertion of tubes through the tympanic membrane, commonly used to treat chronic otitis media; also called tympanostomy tubes or ventilation tubes.
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entropion | Inversion or inward turning of the edge of the lower eyelid
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tunic | Layer or coat of tissue; also called membrane layer
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amblyopia | Lazy eye syndrome
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photopigment | Light-sensitive pigment in the retinal cones and rods that absorbs light and initiates the visual process; also called visual pigment.
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hordeolum | Localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; also called stye
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wax emulsifiers | Loosen and help remove impacted cerumen.
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presbyopia | Loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with the aging process
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anosmia | Inability to smell
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audiometry | Measurement of hearing acuity at various sound wave frequencies.
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ophthalmodynamometry | Measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels.
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electronystagmography (ENG) | Method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles
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phacoemulsification | Method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed.
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ciliary muscles | Muscles which relax or contract to alter the shape of the lens, making it thicker or thinner, thus enabling the light rays to focus upon the retina.
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mastoid process | One of the temporal bones which encloses the sinuses
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stapes | One of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like a stirrup
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malleus | One of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like a hammer
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incus | One of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like an anvil
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semicircular canals | One of the three structures of the inner ear; responsible for balance.
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optometrist | One who specializes in eye measurements.
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cataracts | Opacities on the lends or the capsule that encloses the lens, causing loss of vision.
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extropia | Outward turning of the eye(s).
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ophthalmoplegia | Paralysis of the eye.
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visual acuity (VA) test | Part of an eye examination that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet.
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tinnitus | Perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or head when no external sound is present
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lacrimal | Pertaining to a tear
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olfactory | Pertaining to smell
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cochlear implant insertion | Placement of an artificial hearing device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear; also called bionic ear
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pneumatic otoscopy | Procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure
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blepharoptosis | Prolapse of the eyelid.
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otic analgesics | Provide temporary relief of pain and inflammation associated with otic disorders
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dacryocystography | Radiographic imaging procedures of the nasolacrimal glands and ducts
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tympanoplasty | Reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty
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evisceration | Removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and the cornea intact
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enucleation | Removal of the eyeball from the orbit
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vertigo | Sensation of a spinning motion either of oneself or of the surroundings
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labyrinth | Series of intricate communicating passages
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achromatopsia | Severe congenital deficiency in colour perception; also called complete colour blindness
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ear canal | Slender tube lined with glands, through which sound waves travel to the middle ear
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chalazion | Small, hard tumour developing on the eyelid, somewhat similar to sebaceous cyst
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cochlea | Snail-shaped inner ear structure
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ophthalmatic moisturizers | Soothe dry eyes dut to environmental irritants and allergens
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slit-lamp examination (SLE) | Stereoscopic magnified view of the anterior eye structures in detail, which includes the cornea, lens, iris, sclera, and vitreous humor
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opaque | Substance or surface that neither transmits nor allows the passage of light
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sclerostomy | Surgical formation of an opening in the sclera
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mastoid antrotomy | Surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process.
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keratocentesis | Surgical puncture of the cornea
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papilledema | Swelling and hyperemia of the optic disc, usually associated with increased intracranial pressure; also called choked disc
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gustation | Taste
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caloric stimulation test | Test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear to determine if nerve damage is the cause of vertigo.
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cornea | The clear, transparent portion of the sclera, anterior to the lens
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ossicles | Three tiny articulating bones in the middle ear
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hairs of Corti | Tiny nerve endings within the cochlea which combine with cochlear fluid to generate nerve impulses to the brain via the auditory nerve
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adnexa | Tissues or structures in the body adjacent to or near a related structure
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ear antiemetrics | Treat and prevent nausea , vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli from reaching the part of the brain that triggers nausea and vomiting
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Weber tuning fork test | Tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time.
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Rinne tuning fork test | Tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction versus air conduction of sound
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nystagmus | Type of involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision
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photophobia | Unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light
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intracapsular extraction | Use of cold metal probe to remove cataracts
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metamorphopsia | Visual distortion of objects
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otoscopy | Visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope
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ophthalmoscopy | Visual examination of the interior of the eye using a hand-held instrument called an ophthalmoscope, which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and a light source to illuminate the interior of the eye
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