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SpecialSenses RevDef
Purple Module Special Senses Reverse Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| vestibulae | A chamber that joins the cochlea and semicircular canals |
| equilibrium | A state of balance, controlled by the semicircular canals and the vestibulae |
| eustacian tube | A tube which connects the nose and the throat with the cavity of the middle ear. |
| cerumen | A waxy secretion produced by the glands of the external ear canal to prevent the entrance of tiny foreign particles. |
| refractive | Ability to bend light rays as they pass from one medium to another. |
| epiphora | Abnormal overflow of tears |
| glaucoma | Accumulation of aqueous humor in the eye. |
| accommodation | Adjustment of the eye for various distances so that the images fall on the retina of the eye. |
| cycloplegic agents | Agents which paralyze ciliary muscles, causing dilation of the pupils. |
| ametropia | An error in refraction causing poor focus. |
| retinopathy | Any disorder of the retinal blood vessels |
| humor | Any fluid or semifluid in the body. |
| conduction impairment | Blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear. |
| retinitis pigmentosa | Chronic progressive disease of degeneration of the retina and atrophy of of the optic nerve. |
| trachoma | Chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis common in the southwestern United States that typically leads to blindness. |
| acuity | Clearness or sharpness of a sensory function. |
| anacusis | Complete deafness |
| noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) | Condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, caused by sounds that are "too long, too loud, or too close". |
| strabismus | Condition in which one eye is misaligned with the other or out of synchrony. |
| ophthalmatic decongestants | Constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion. |
| otoplasty | Corrective surgery for a deformed or excessively large or small pinea |
| blepharoplasty | Cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sun. |
| dacryocystorhinostomy | Creation of an opening into the nose for draining of tears. |
| antiglaucoma agents | Decrease aqueous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and cornea |
| astigmatism | Defective curvature of the cornea or lens. |
| corectasis | Dilation of the pupil |
| otopyorrhea | Discharge of pus from the ear |
| Meniere disease | Disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive loss of hearing. |
| mydriatics | Disrupt parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye or stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing the pupil to dilate. |
| otalgia | Ear pain |
| fluorescin angiography | Evaluation of blood vessels and their leakage in an beneath the retina after injection of fluorescin dye, which circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are obtained. |
| tonometry | Evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force. |
| retinoscopy | Evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays. |
| tuning fork test | Evaluation of sound conduction using a vibrating tuning fork |
| ectropion | Eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid |
| gonioscopy | Examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma. |
| iridectomy | Excision of the iris |
| hyperopia | Farsightedness |
| dacryorrhea | Flow of tears |
| perilymph | Fluid that very closely resembles spinal fluid but found in the cochlea |
| ear irrigation | Flushing of the ear canal with water or saline to dislodge foreign bodies or impacted cerumen |
| cyclodialysis | Formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma |
| otosclerosis | Hardening of the spongy bone around the oval window of the ear , causing hearing loss |
| audition | Hearing |
| nyctalopia | Impaired vision in dim light; also called night blindless |
| presbyacusis | Impairment of hearing resulting from old age; also called presbyacusia |
| radial keratotomy (RK) | Incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism |
| otitis externa | Infection of the external auditory canal |
| conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the conunctiva with vascular congestion, producing a red or pink eye and may be secondary to allergy or viral, bacterial, or fungal infections |
| eustachitis | Inflammation of the eustachian tube |
| labyrinthitis | Inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process. |
| iritis | Inflammation of the iris |
| otitis media | Inflammation of the middle ear. |
| ophthalmic antibiotics | Inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye. |
| pressure-equalizing (PE) tube placement | Insertion of tubes through the tympanic membrane, commonly used to treat chronic otitis media; also called tympanostomy tubes or ventilation tubes. |
| entropion | Inversion or inward turning of the edge of the lower eyelid |
| tunic | Layer or coat of tissue; also called membrane layer |
| amblyopia | Lazy eye syndrome |
| photopigment | Light-sensitive pigment in the retinal cones and rods that absorbs light and initiates the visual process; also called visual pigment. |
| hordeolum | Localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; also called stye |
| wax emulsifiers | Loosen and help remove impacted cerumen. |
| presbyopia | Loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with the aging process |
| anosmia | Inability to smell |
| audiometry | Measurement of hearing acuity at various sound wave frequencies. |
| ophthalmodynamometry | Measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels. |
| electronystagmography (ENG) | Method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles |
| phacoemulsification | Method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed. |
| ciliary muscles | Muscles which relax or contract to alter the shape of the lens, making it thicker or thinner, thus enabling the light rays to focus upon the retina. |
| mastoid process | One of the temporal bones which encloses the sinuses |
| stapes | One of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like a stirrup |
| malleus | One of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like a hammer |
| incus | One of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like an anvil |
| semicircular canals | One of the three structures of the inner ear; responsible for balance. |
| optometrist | One who specializes in eye measurements. |
| cataracts | Opacities on the lends or the capsule that encloses the lens, causing loss of vision. |
| extropia | Outward turning of the eye(s). |
| ophthalmoplegia | Paralysis of the eye. |
| visual acuity (VA) test | Part of an eye examination that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet. |
| tinnitus | Perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or head when no external sound is present |
| lacrimal | Pertaining to a tear |
| olfactory | Pertaining to smell |
| cochlear implant insertion | Placement of an artificial hearing device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear; also called bionic ear |
| pneumatic otoscopy | Procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure |
| blepharoptosis | Prolapse of the eyelid. |
| otic analgesics | Provide temporary relief of pain and inflammation associated with otic disorders |
| dacryocystography | Radiographic imaging procedures of the nasolacrimal glands and ducts |
| tympanoplasty | Reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty |
| evisceration | Removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and the cornea intact |
| enucleation | Removal of the eyeball from the orbit |
| vertigo | Sensation of a spinning motion either of oneself or of the surroundings |
| labyrinth | Series of intricate communicating passages |
| achromatopsia | Severe congenital deficiency in colour perception; also called complete colour blindness |
| ear canal | Slender tube lined with glands, through which sound waves travel to the middle ear |
| chalazion | Small, hard tumour developing on the eyelid, somewhat similar to sebaceous cyst |
| cochlea | Snail-shaped inner ear structure |
| ophthalmatic moisturizers | Soothe dry eyes dut to environmental irritants and allergens |
| slit-lamp examination (SLE) | Stereoscopic magnified view of the anterior eye structures in detail, which includes the cornea, lens, iris, sclera, and vitreous humor |
| opaque | Substance or surface that neither transmits nor allows the passage of light |
| sclerostomy | Surgical formation of an opening in the sclera |
| mastoid antrotomy | Surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process. |
| keratocentesis | Surgical puncture of the cornea |
| papilledema | Swelling and hyperemia of the optic disc, usually associated with increased intracranial pressure; also called choked disc |
| gustation | Taste |
| caloric stimulation test | Test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear to determine if nerve damage is the cause of vertigo. |
| cornea | The clear, transparent portion of the sclera, anterior to the lens |
| ossicles | Three tiny articulating bones in the middle ear |
| hairs of Corti | Tiny nerve endings within the cochlea which combine with cochlear fluid to generate nerve impulses to the brain via the auditory nerve |
| adnexa | Tissues or structures in the body adjacent to or near a related structure |
| ear antiemetrics | Treat and prevent nausea , vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli from reaching the part of the brain that triggers nausea and vomiting |
| Weber tuning fork test | Tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time. |
| Rinne tuning fork test | Tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction versus air conduction of sound |
| nystagmus | Type of involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision |
| photophobia | Unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light |
| intracapsular extraction | Use of cold metal probe to remove cataracts |
| metamorphopsia | Visual distortion of objects |
| otoscopy | Visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope |
| ophthalmoscopy | Visual examination of the interior of the eye using a hand-held instrument called an ophthalmoscope, which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and a light source to illuminate the interior of the eye |
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Cellyvision
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