Ch 9 practice exam muscles and muscle tissues
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| What are the characteristics of slow (oxidative), fatigue-resistant fibers? | show 🗑
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| show | They have very fast-acting myosin, ATPases and depend upon anaerobic metabolism during contraction. Contain large amounts of glycogen.
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| What is maximal stimulus? | show 🗑
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| What is the phenomenon where the contraction strength of a muscle increases due to increase in Ca2+ availability and enzyme efficiency during the warm up? | show 🗑
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| show | Continued sustained smooth contraction due to rapid stimulation
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| Whats the name of the situation in which contractions become stronger due to stimulation before complete relaxation occurs? | show 🗑
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| How is a smooth increase in muscle force produced? | show 🗑
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| What is a sarcomere? | show 🗑
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| What does the I-band contain? | show 🗑
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| What are the Thicker filaments called? | show 🗑
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| What is found in the A-Band? | show 🗑
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| Where are myosin filaments located? | show 🗑
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| What serves as a "trigger" for muscle contraction by removing the inhibition of troponin molecules? and is also stored in the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum? | show 🗑
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| show | A neurotransmitter released at motor end plates by the axon terminals.
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| What is Aerobic respiration? | show 🗑
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| What does Creatine phosphate do? | show 🗑
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| show | It destroys ACh.
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| Once a motor neuron has fired, all the muscle fibers in a muscle contract. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| The thin filaments (actin) contain a polypeptide subunit G actin that bear active sites for myosin attachment. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| show | True
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| show | False
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| Peristalsis is characteristic of smooth muscle. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| A contraction in which a muscle does not shorten but its tension increases is called isometric. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| During isotonic contraction, the heavier the load, the faster the velocity of contraction. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| During Isometric contraction, the energy used appears as movement. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| show | False
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| Although there are no sarcomeres, smooth muscle still possesses thick and thin filaments. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| Whereas skeletal muscle cells are electrically coupled, smooth muscle cells appear to be chemically coupled by gap junctions. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| Single unit smooth muscle is found in the intestines. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| A resting potential is caused by a difference in the concentration of certain ions inside and outside the cell. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| show | True
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| The more slowly a skeletal muscle is stimulated the greater its external force becomes. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| Smooth muscles relax when intracellular Ca2+ levels drop but may not cease contractions. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| Recruitment is an option of a single unit smooth muscle cell. T OR F? | show 🗑
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| show | To regulate intracellular calcium concentration.
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| show | when muscle fibers degenerate and atrophy.
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| Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate? | show 🗑
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| What do most muscles contain? | show 🗑
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| show | Intense exercise of short duration.
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| show | The strongest muscle contractions.
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| What is recruited later in muscle stimulation when contractile strength increases? | show 🗑
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| show | Increase in the number of muscle cells
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| In skeletal muscle contraction, what does calcium do? | show 🗑
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| show | Calcium Ions bond to troponin molecules.
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| What does myoglobin do? | show 🗑
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| An elaborate network of membranes in skeletal muscle cells that functions in calcium storage is called: | show 🗑
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| Immediately after the stimulus arrive at the skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the LATENT period, during which the events of ________ occur. | show 🗑
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| show | It stores energy that will be transferred to ADP to resynthesize ATP.
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| What happens to to calcium after nervous stimulation of the muscle cell has ceased? | show 🗑
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| what is the major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction? | show 🗑
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| What is produced mainly by the arrangement of myofilaments? | show 🗑
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| What are thick filaments composed of? | show 🗑
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| What active sites do myosin cross bridges attach to during muscle contraction? | show 🗑
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| What surrounds the individual muscle cell? | show 🗑
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| What are smooth muscles that act like skeletal muscles and are controlled by autonomic nerves and hormones called? | show 🗑
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| show | Because there is no ATP available to release attached actin and myosin molecules.
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| What does NOT act as stimulus to initiate muscle contraction? | show 🗑
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| show | a sheetlike indirect attachment to a skeletal element
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| show | Myoglobin
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| Whats the name of the contractile units in skeletal muscles? | show 🗑
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| What is the site of calcium regulation in the smooth muscle cell called? | show 🗑
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| One functional unit of skeletal muscle is___: | show 🗑
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| show | to enhance cellular communication during muscle contraction.
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| show | to bind to regulatory sites on troponin, changing the configuration.
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| The warm-up period required of athletes in order to bring their muscles to peak performance is called___: | show 🗑
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| Main effect of warm-up of athletes as muscle contractions increase in strength is to_____: | show 🗑
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| During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. What is the Pyruvic acid converted to? | show 🗑
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| When a muscle is unable to respond to stimuli temporarily, which period is it in? | show 🗑
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| What happens during an isotonic contraction? | show 🗑
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| show | the muscle cell membrane.
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| show | Smooth muscle contracts in a twisting way.
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| The mechanism for smooth muscle is different from skeletal muscle because: | show 🗑
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| What type of cells exhibit spontaneous action potentials? | show 🗑
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| What is not true about the developmental aspects of muscle? | show 🗑
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| What is true about smooth muscle contraction? | show 🗑
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| Muscle tissues has all the following properties (Contractability, excitability, extensibility) EXCEPT: | show 🗑
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| What maintains the organization of the A-Band assisting in muscle stretching? | show 🗑
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| show | They are long and cylindrical w/ many nuclei
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| show | Glycolysis
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| show | A state of sustained partial contraction
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| What does the sliding filament model of contraction involve? | show 🗑
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| what is true about isotonic contraction? | show 🗑
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| show | Its ability to transform chemical energy into mechanical energy.
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| show | a Long relaxing swim
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| show | Multiunit smooth muscle
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| Hypothetically if a muscle were stretched to the point where thick and thin filaments no longer overlapped what would happen? | show 🗑
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| If a person has ingested a chemical that binds to ACh receptors in the sarcolemma, ignoring effects on other systems what would happen to the skeletal muscle system? | show 🗑
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| What are caveoli? | show 🗑
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