WVSOM -- Medical Neuroscience -- Basal Ganglia
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is the function of the basal ganglia? | consultant to the cerebral cortex. Provides a link between the idea of movement and the motor expression of that idea
🗑
|
||||
| When does neuronal activity of the basal ganglia occur? | BEFORE a particular movement begins
🗑
|
||||
| What do lesions of the basal ganglia cause? | disturbances in the initiation or cessation of a motor event.
🗑
|
||||
| What do disturbances in the function of the descending pathway result in? | paralysis or paresis
🗑
|
||||
| How do neuronal circuits within the basal ganglia put together sequences of movements? | thru reverberating loops between thenuclei
🗑
|
||||
| Where are the movements of the basal ganglia seen? | handwriting, walking facial expression, a lay up…more complex, hierarchically organized sequences
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 3 nuclei of the basal ganglia? | caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus
🗑
|
||||
| What are the nuclei of the basal ganglia also called? | corpus striatum
🗑
|
||||
| What forms the lentiform nucleus? | the putanem and globus pallidus
🗑
|
||||
| What is the neostriatum? | caudate nucleus and putamen
🗑
|
||||
| What nuclei are closely associated with the basal ganglia? | substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| How is the globus pallidus divided? | medial and lateral (GPm and GPl)
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 2 neoronal inputs to the basal ganglia? | corticostriatal fibers and substania nigra
🗑
|
||||
| What is the substantia nigra ? | midbrain structure that arises form dopaminergic neurons and deliver dopamine
🗑
|
||||
| What is the effect of dopamine on neurons? | varies depending on the neuron
🗑
|
||||
| What is the effect of dopamine on D1 receptors? | excitatory
🗑
|
||||
| What is the effect of dopamine on D2 receptors? | inhibitory
🗑
|
||||
| What are the neural outputs from the basal ganglia? | from the GPm to the ventral lateral and ventral anterior nuclei of the thalamus which then project to the cerebral cortex
🗑
|
||||
| Where are corticostriatal fibers projecting from and why is that important? | pyramidal cells and use glutamate so it will increase the firing of the post-synaptic neurons
🗑
|
||||
| What will activating an inhibitory neuron do? | decrease the activity of the following excitatory neuron and decrease exitoatory input to the end target
🗑
|
||||
| What will inhibit an inhibitory neuron do? | reduce activity of the first inhibitory neuron and will reduce the activity of the following inhibitory neuron and will release the end target from inhibition.
🗑
|
||||
| What is disinhibition? | inhibiting an inhibiting neuron
🗑
|
||||
| What are the symptoms parkinson’s disease? | akinesia, bradykinesia, rididity, tramor at rest
🗑
|
||||
| What is the pathology of Parkinson’s? | loss of dopaminergic neurons of the SN that project to the neostriatum. This disinhibits the indirect pathway and removes a source of activation of the direct pathway
🗑
|
||||
| What are the symptoms of Ballismus? | violent flinging movement occurring in a proximal musculature
🗑
|
||||
| What is Ballismus? | disorder that is the result of damage to the subthalamic nucleus, that modulates basal ganglia output thru the pallidum and nigra. Part of the indirect pathway-. lesions of the subthalamic nucleus would lead to increased motor output
🗑
|
||||
| What is huntington’s chorea? | genetic disorder that is progressive. It is a loss of cells in striatum that give rise to indirect pathways. Result is increased motor output from cerebral cortex with accompanying hyperkinetic disburbance. Looks like a robotic movement
🗑
|
||||
| What is the limbic Loop? | neuronal circuit that connects the nucleus accumbens to the basal ganglia. Involved with giving motor expressions to emotions and is rich in dopamine neuron endings.
🗑
|
||||
| What is bradykinesia, hypokinesia? | slowed movements
🗑
|
||||
| What is rigidity? | resistance to passive movements
🗑
|
||||
| What is dystonia? | sustained abnormal distorted positions
🗑
|
||||
| What is athetosis? | twisting, writhing limb movements
🗑
|
||||
| What is chorea? | continuous involuntary movemtns
🗑
|
||||
| What is ballismus? | flinging movements of the limbs
🗑
|
||||
| What are tics? | brief action preceded by urge and followed by relief
🗑
|
||||
| What is myoclonus? | sudden muscular jerk
🗑
|
||||
| What is tremor? | rhytmic semirhythemic oscillating movements
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
tjamrose
Popular Medical sets