Integumentary system
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| Abrasion | A scraping or rubbing away of skin or mucous membrane as a result of friction to the area.
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| Abscess | A localized collection of pus in any part of the body.
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| Albino | An individual with a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin.
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| Alopecia | Partial or complete loss of hair. Alopecia may result from normal aging, a reaction to a medication such as anticancer medications, an endocrine disorder, or some skin disease.
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| Amputation | The surgical removal of a part of the body or a limb or a part of a limb; performed to treat recurrent infections or gangrene of a limb.
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| Basal layer | The deepest of the five layers of the epidermis.
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| Blackhead | An open comedo, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle.
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| Blister | A small thin- snakeskin lesion containing clear fluid ; a vesicle.
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| Boil | Localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle; a furuncle.
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| Bruise | A bluish- black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of an injury to the area.
See ecchymosis
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| Bulla | A large blister
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| Carbuncle | A circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that contains pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface .
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| Cellulitis | A diffuse acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized by localized heat, deep redness, pain, and swelling.
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| Cerumen | Ear wax
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| Ceruminous gland | A modified sweat gland that lubricates the skin of the ear canal with a yellowish brown waxy substance called cerumen(ear wax)
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| Cicatrix | A scar; the pale firm tissue that forms in the healing of a wound.
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| Circumscribed | Confined to a limited space or well-defined area (as if a circle were drawn around it )
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| Collagen | The protein substance that forms the glistening inelastic fibers of connective tissue such as tendons, ligaments. And fascia.
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| Comedo | The typical lesion of acne vlgaris caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle(closed comedo= whitehead, open comedo=blackhead).
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| Contusion | An injury to a part of the body without a break in the skin.
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| Corium | The dermis, the layer of the skin just under the epidermis .
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| Cryosurgery | A noninvasive treatment that uses sub freezing temperature to freeze and destroy the tissue. Coolants such as liquid nitrogen are used in the metal probe .
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| Curettage | The process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or wanted material.
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| Cutaneous membrane | The skin. See integument
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| Cuticle | A fold of skin that covers the root of the fingernail or toenail.
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| Cyanosis |
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| A condition of a bluish discoloration of the skin.
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| Cyst | A closed sac or pouch in or within the skin that contains fluid , semifuid, solid material.
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| Debridement | Removal of debris, foreign objects, and damaged or necrotic tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and promote healing .
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| Dermatitis Dermat/o = skin -itis= inflammation | Inflammation of the skin
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| Dermatologist Dermat= skin -logist= specialist in the study of | A physician who specializes in yhe treatment of diseases and disorders of the skin.
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| Dermatology Dermat/o = skin -logy = the study of | The study of the skin
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| Dermis Derm/o= skin -is = noun ending | The layer of skin immediately beneath the epidermis; the corium.
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| Diaphoresis | The secretion of sweat.
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| Ecchymosis | A bluish black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of injury to the area.; also known as a bruise or a black and blue mark.
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| Electrodesiccation | A technique that uses an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue; used primarily for the removal of surface lesions .
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| Epidermis Epi= upon, over Derm/o= skin -is= noun ending | The outermost layer of skin.
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| Epidermoid cyst Epi= upon , over Derm/o= skin -oid= resembling | A cyst composed of cheesy material composed of sebum and epithelial debri that has formed in the duct
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| Epithelium | The tissue that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body .
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| Erythema | Rednesss of the skin due to capillary dilatation. An example of erythema is nervous blushing or a mild sunburn.
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| Erythremia Erythr/o= red -emia= blood condition | A normal increase in the number of red blood cells; polycythemia vera.
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| Erythroderma Erythr/o = red -emia= blood condition | See erythema.
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| Excoriation | An injury to the surface of the skin caused by trauma, such as scratching or abrasions.
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| Exfoliation | Peeling or sloughing off of tissue cells, as in peeling if the skin after a severe sunburn.
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| Fissure | A crack like sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane.
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| Fistula | An abnormal passageway between two tubular organs (e.g., rectum and vagina) or from an organ to the body surface.
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| Furuncle | A localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle ; a boil.
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| Gangrene | Death of tissue, most oftwn involving the extremeties.
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| Hair follicle | The tiny tube within the dermis that contains the root of a hair shaft.
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| Hair root | The portion of a strand of hair that is embedded in the hair follicle.
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| Hair shaft | The visible part of the hair.
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| Hemangioma Hem/o= blood Angi/o= vessel -oma=tumor | A benign (nonmalignant) tumor that consists of a mass of blood vessels and has a reddish-purple color.
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| Heparin | A natural anticoagulant substance produced by the body tissues; heparin is also produced in laboratories for therapeutic use as heparin sodium.
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| Hirsutism | Excessive body hair in an adult male distribution pattern, occurring in women.
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| Histamine | A substance (found in all cells) that is released in allergic inflammatory reactions.
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| Histiocyte Histi/o= tissue -cyte= cell | Macrophage; a large phagocytic cell (cell that ingests microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles) occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue.
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| Hives | Circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions of the skin that are paler in the center than it's surrounding edges. See wheal.
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| Hydrocele Hydro/o=water -cele= swelling or herniation | A collection of fluid located in the area of the scrotal sac in the male.
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| Ichthyosis Ichthy/o= fishlike or scaly -osis=condition | An inherited dermatological condition in which the skin is dry,hyperkeratotic(hardened), and fissured-resembling fish scales.
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| Integument | The skin, see cutaneous membrane.
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| Integumentary system | The body system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands.
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| Keratin | A hard fibrous protein found in the epidermis, hair, nails, enamel of the teeth, and horns of animals.
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| Keratolytic Kerat/o= hard,horny(cornea of eye) -lytic= destruction | An agent used to break down or loosen the hard or horny(hardened) layer of the skin.
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| Laceration | A tear in the skin.
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| Lanugo | Soft, very fine hair that cover the body of a developing fetus; this hairy coating is almost completely gone by birth.
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| Lesion | Any visible damage to the tissues of the skin, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil.
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| Lipocyte Lip/o=fat -cyte= cell | A fat cell.
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| Lanula | The cresent-shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail
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| Macrophage Macr/o=large Phag/o= to eat -e= noun ending | A large phagocytic cell (cell that ingests microorganisms, other cells,and foreign particles) occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue; see histiocyte.
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| Macule | A small, flat discoloration of the skin that is neither raised nor depressed.
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| Mast cell | A cell (found within the connective tissue) that contains heparin and histamine; these substances are released from the mast cell in response to injury and infection.
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| Melanin Melan/o=black | A black or darkened pigment (produced by melanocytes within the epidermis) that contributes color to the skin and helps to filter ultraviolet light.
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| Melanocytes Melan/o= black -cyte =cell | Cells responsible for producing melanin.
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| Nail body | The visible part of the nail.
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| Nodule | A small circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin.
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| Oil gland | Small gland located in the dermis.
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| Onycholysis Onych/o= nail -lysis=destruction or detachment | Separation of a fingernail from its bed, beginning at the free margin.
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| Onychomycosis Onych/o=nail Myco/o=fungus -osis=condition | A fungal infection of the nails.
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| Onychophagia Onych/o= nail -phagia= to eat | The habit of biting the nails.
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| Pachyderma Pachy=thick Derm/o=skin -a=noun ending | Abnormal thickening of the skin.
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| Papule | A small, solid, circumscribed elevation on the skin.
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| Paronychia Par/o=beside, beyond, near Onych/o=nail -ia=condition | Inflammation of the fold of skin surrounding the fingernail; also called runaround.
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| Pediculosis | Infestation with lice.
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| Perspiration | The clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands.
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| Petechia | Small pinpoint hemorrhages of the skin.
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| Pimple | A papule or pustule of the skin.
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| Polyp | A small stalklike growth that protrudes upwards or outward from a mucous membrane surface, resembling a mushroom stalk.
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| Pores | Openings of the skin through which substances such as water, salts, and some fatty substances are excreted.
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| Pressure ulcer | An inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence of the body, resulting from loss of blood supply and oxygen to the area due to prolonged pressure on the body part.
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| Pruritis | Itching
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| Purpura | A group of bleeding disorders characterized by bleeding into the skin and mucous membranes
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| Pustule | A small elevation of the skin filled with pus.
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| Sebaceous cyst | A cyst filled with a cheesy material condition of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland.(epermoid cyst)
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| Sebaceous gland | An oil gland located in the dermis
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| Seborrhea Seb/o= sebum -rrhe=flow or drainage | Excessive secretion of sebum, resulting in excessive oiliness or dry scales.
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| Sebum Seb/o=sebum -um=noun ending | The oily secretions of the sebaceous glands.
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| Skin tags | A small brownish or flesh-colored outgrowth of skin occurring frequently on the neck (cutaneous papilloma).
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| Squamous epithelial cells | Flat scalelike cells arranged in layers (strata).
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| Squamous epithelium | The single layer of flattened ladylike cells that cover internal and external body surfaces.
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| Stratified | Layered
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| Stratum | A uniformly thick sheet or layer of cells.
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| Stratum basale | The layer of skin where new cells are continually being reproduced, pushing older cells toward the outermost surface of the skin.
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| Stratum corneum | The outermost layer of the epidermis, which continually slough's off or flakes away.
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| Stretch marks | Linear tears in the dermis that result from overstretching from rapid growth.
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| Subcutaneous tissue Sub-= beneath, under, below Cutane/o=skin -ous= pertaining to | The fatty layer of tissue located beneath the dermis.
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| Subungual hematoma Sub=beneath,under,below Ungu/o= nail Hemat/o=blood -oma=tumor | A collection of blood beneath a nail bed, usually the result of trauma.
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| Sudoriferous gland | A sweat gland
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| Sweat | The clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands; also known as perspiration.
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| Sweat gland | One of the tiny structures within the dermis that produces sweat
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| Telangiectasia | The permanent dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules.
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| Ulcer | A circumscribed, open sore or lesion of the skin that is accompanied by inflammation.
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| Urticaria | A reaction of the skin in which there is an appearance of smooth, slightly elevated patches(wheals) that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often accompanied by severe itching.
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| Vesicle | A small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid.
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| Vitiligo | A skin disorder characterized by nonpigmented white patches of skin of varying sizes that are surrounded by skin with normal pigmentation.
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| Wheal | A circumscribed, slightly elevated skin lesion of the skin that is paler in the center than it's surrounding edges.(hives)
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| Whitehead | A closed comedo caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle
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| Xanthoderma Xanth/o= yellow Derm/o= skin -a= noun ending | Any yellow coloration of the skin.
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| Xeroderma Xer/o=dry Derm/o=skin -a= noun ending | A chronic skin condition characterized by roughness and dryness.
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| Bx,bx | Biopsy
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| decub. | Decubitus (ulcer);pressure sore
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| derm. | Dermatology
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| DLE | Discoid lupus erythematosus
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| EAHF | Eczema,asthma,and hay fever
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| FANA | Fluorescent antinuclear antibody
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| FS | Frozen section
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| ID | Intradermal
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| I&D | Incision and drainage
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| LE | (Sytemic) lupus erythematosus
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| PPD | Purified protein derivative
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| PSS | Progressive systemic scleroderma
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| SLE | Systemic lupus erythematosus
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| subq. | Subcutaneous
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| TENS | Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
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| ung. | Ointment
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| UV | Ultra violet (light)
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| XP,XDP | Xeroderma pigmentosum
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