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med term ch5
Integumentary system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abrasion | A scraping or rubbing away of skin or mucous membrane as a result of friction to the area. |
| Abscess | A localized collection of pus in any part of the body. |
| Albino | An individual with a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin. |
| Alopecia | Partial or complete loss of hair. Alopecia may result from normal aging, a reaction to a medication such as anticancer medications, an endocrine disorder, or some skin disease. |
| Amputation | The surgical removal of a part of the body or a limb or a part of a limb; performed to treat recurrent infections or gangrene of a limb. |
| Basal layer | The deepest of the five layers of the epidermis. |
| Blackhead | An open comedo, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle. |
| Blister | A small thin- snakeskin lesion containing clear fluid ; a vesicle. |
| Boil | Localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle; a furuncle. |
| Bruise | A bluish- black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of an injury to the area. See ecchymosis |
| Bulla | A large blister |
| Carbuncle | A circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that contains pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface . |
| Cellulitis | A diffuse acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized by localized heat, deep redness, pain, and swelling. |
| Cerumen | Ear wax |
| Ceruminous gland | A modified sweat gland that lubricates the skin of the ear canal with a yellowish brown waxy substance called cerumen(ear wax) |
| Cicatrix | A scar; the pale firm tissue that forms in the healing of a wound. |
| Circumscribed | Confined to a limited space or well-defined area (as if a circle were drawn around it ) |
| Collagen | The protein substance that forms the glistening inelastic fibers of connective tissue such as tendons, ligaments. And fascia. |
| Comedo | The typical lesion of acne vlgaris caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle(closed comedo= whitehead, open comedo=blackhead). |
| Contusion | An injury to a part of the body without a break in the skin. |
| Corium | The dermis, the layer of the skin just under the epidermis . |
| Cryosurgery | A noninvasive treatment that uses sub freezing temperature to freeze and destroy the tissue. Coolants such as liquid nitrogen are used in the metal probe . |
| Curettage | The process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or wanted material. |
| Cutaneous membrane | The skin. See integument |
| Cuticle | A fold of skin that covers the root of the fingernail or toenail. |
| Cyanosis | |
| A condition of a bluish discoloration of the skin. | |
| Cyst | A closed sac or pouch in or within the skin that contains fluid , semifuid, solid material. |
| Debridement | Removal of debris, foreign objects, and damaged or necrotic tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and promote healing . |
| Dermatitis Dermat/o = skin -itis= inflammation | Inflammation of the skin |
| Dermatologist Dermat= skin -logist= specialist in the study of | A physician who specializes in yhe treatment of diseases and disorders of the skin. |
| Dermatology Dermat/o = skin -logy = the study of | The study of the skin |
| Dermis Derm/o= skin -is = noun ending | The layer of skin immediately beneath the epidermis; the corium. |
| Diaphoresis | The secretion of sweat. |
| Ecchymosis | A bluish black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of injury to the area.; also known as a bruise or a black and blue mark. |
| Electrodesiccation | A technique that uses an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue; used primarily for the removal of surface lesions . |
| Epidermis Epi= upon, over Derm/o= skin -is= noun ending | The outermost layer of skin. |
| Epidermoid cyst Epi= upon , over Derm/o= skin -oid= resembling | A cyst composed of cheesy material composed of sebum and epithelial debri that has formed in the duct |
| Epithelium | The tissue that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body . |
| Erythema | Rednesss of the skin due to capillary dilatation. An example of erythema is nervous blushing or a mild sunburn. |
| Erythremia Erythr/o= red -emia= blood condition | A normal increase in the number of red blood cells; polycythemia vera. |
| Erythroderma Erythr/o = red -emia= blood condition | See erythema. |
| Excoriation | An injury to the surface of the skin caused by trauma, such as scratching or abrasions. |
| Exfoliation | Peeling or sloughing off of tissue cells, as in peeling if the skin after a severe sunburn. |
| Fissure | A crack like sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane. |
| Fistula | An abnormal passageway between two tubular organs (e.g., rectum and vagina) or from an organ to the body surface. |
| Furuncle | A localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle ; a boil. |
| Gangrene | Death of tissue, most oftwn involving the extremeties. |
| Hair follicle | The tiny tube within the dermis that contains the root of a hair shaft. |
| Hair root | The portion of a strand of hair that is embedded in the hair follicle. |
| Hair shaft | The visible part of the hair. |
| Hemangioma Hem/o= blood Angi/o= vessel -oma=tumor | A benign (nonmalignant) tumor that consists of a mass of blood vessels and has a reddish-purple color. |
| Heparin | A natural anticoagulant substance produced by the body tissues; heparin is also produced in laboratories for therapeutic use as heparin sodium. |
| Hirsutism | Excessive body hair in an adult male distribution pattern, occurring in women. |
| Histamine | A substance (found in all cells) that is released in allergic inflammatory reactions. |
| Histiocyte Histi/o= tissue -cyte= cell | Macrophage; a large phagocytic cell (cell that ingests microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles) occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue. |
| Hives | Circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions of the skin that are paler in the center than it's surrounding edges. See wheal. |
| Hydrocele Hydro/o=water -cele= swelling or herniation | A collection of fluid located in the area of the scrotal sac in the male. |
| Ichthyosis Ichthy/o= fishlike or scaly -osis=condition | An inherited dermatological condition in which the skin is dry,hyperkeratotic(hardened), and fissured-resembling fish scales. |
| Integument | The skin, see cutaneous membrane. |
| Integumentary system | The body system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. |
| Keratin | A hard fibrous protein found in the epidermis, hair, nails, enamel of the teeth, and horns of animals. |
| Keratolytic Kerat/o= hard,horny(cornea of eye) -lytic= destruction | An agent used to break down or loosen the hard or horny(hardened) layer of the skin. |
| Laceration | A tear in the skin. |
| Lanugo | Soft, very fine hair that cover the body of a developing fetus; this hairy coating is almost completely gone by birth. |
| Lesion | Any visible damage to the tissues of the skin, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil. |
| Lipocyte Lip/o=fat -cyte= cell | A fat cell. |
| Lanula | The cresent-shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail |
| Macrophage Macr/o=large Phag/o= to eat -e= noun ending | A large phagocytic cell (cell that ingests microorganisms, other cells,and foreign particles) occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue; see histiocyte. |
| Macule | A small, flat discoloration of the skin that is neither raised nor depressed. |
| Mast cell | A cell (found within the connective tissue) that contains heparin and histamine; these substances are released from the mast cell in response to injury and infection. |
| Melanin Melan/o=black | A black or darkened pigment (produced by melanocytes within the epidermis) that contributes color to the skin and helps to filter ultraviolet light. |
| Melanocytes Melan/o= black -cyte =cell | Cells responsible for producing melanin. |
| Nail body | The visible part of the nail. |
| Nodule | A small circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin. |
| Oil gland | Small gland located in the dermis. |
| Onycholysis Onych/o= nail -lysis=destruction or detachment | Separation of a fingernail from its bed, beginning at the free margin. |
| Onychomycosis Onych/o=nail Myco/o=fungus -osis=condition | A fungal infection of the nails. |
| Onychophagia Onych/o= nail -phagia= to eat | The habit of biting the nails. |
| Pachyderma Pachy=thick Derm/o=skin -a=noun ending | Abnormal thickening of the skin. |
| Papule | A small, solid, circumscribed elevation on the skin. |
| Paronychia Par/o=beside, beyond, near Onych/o=nail -ia=condition | Inflammation of the fold of skin surrounding the fingernail; also called runaround. |
| Pediculosis | Infestation with lice. |
| Perspiration | The clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands. |
| Petechia | Small pinpoint hemorrhages of the skin. |
| Pimple | A papule or pustule of the skin. |
| Polyp | A small stalklike growth that protrudes upwards or outward from a mucous membrane surface, resembling a mushroom stalk. |
| Pores | Openings of the skin through which substances such as water, salts, and some fatty substances are excreted. |
| Pressure ulcer | An inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence of the body, resulting from loss of blood supply and oxygen to the area due to prolonged pressure on the body part. |
| Pruritis | Itching |
| Purpura | A group of bleeding disorders characterized by bleeding into the skin and mucous membranes |
| Pustule | A small elevation of the skin filled with pus. |
| Sebaceous cyst | A cyst filled with a cheesy material condition of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland.(epermoid cyst) |
| Sebaceous gland | An oil gland located in the dermis |
| Seborrhea Seb/o= sebum -rrhe=flow or drainage | Excessive secretion of sebum, resulting in excessive oiliness or dry scales. |
| Sebum Seb/o=sebum -um=noun ending | The oily secretions of the sebaceous glands. |
| Skin tags | A small brownish or flesh-colored outgrowth of skin occurring frequently on the neck (cutaneous papilloma). |
| Squamous epithelial cells | Flat scalelike cells arranged in layers (strata). |
| Squamous epithelium | The single layer of flattened ladylike cells that cover internal and external body surfaces. |
| Stratified | Layered |
| Stratum | A uniformly thick sheet or layer of cells. |
| Stratum basale | The layer of skin where new cells are continually being reproduced, pushing older cells toward the outermost surface of the skin. |
| Stratum corneum | The outermost layer of the epidermis, which continually slough's off or flakes away. |
| Stretch marks | Linear tears in the dermis that result from overstretching from rapid growth. |
| Subcutaneous tissue Sub-= beneath, under, below Cutane/o=skin -ous= pertaining to | The fatty layer of tissue located beneath the dermis. |
| Subungual hematoma Sub=beneath,under,below Ungu/o= nail Hemat/o=blood -oma=tumor | A collection of blood beneath a nail bed, usually the result of trauma. |
| Sudoriferous gland | A sweat gland |
| Sweat | The clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands; also known as perspiration. |
| Sweat gland | One of the tiny structures within the dermis that produces sweat |
| Telangiectasia | The permanent dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules. |
| Ulcer | A circumscribed, open sore or lesion of the skin that is accompanied by inflammation. |
| Urticaria | A reaction of the skin in which there is an appearance of smooth, slightly elevated patches(wheals) that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often accompanied by severe itching. |
| Vesicle | A small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid. |
| Vitiligo | A skin disorder characterized by nonpigmented white patches of skin of varying sizes that are surrounded by skin with normal pigmentation. |
| Wheal | A circumscribed, slightly elevated skin lesion of the skin that is paler in the center than it's surrounding edges.(hives) |
| Whitehead | A closed comedo caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle |
| Xanthoderma Xanth/o= yellow Derm/o= skin -a= noun ending | Any yellow coloration of the skin. |
| Xeroderma Xer/o=dry Derm/o=skin -a= noun ending | A chronic skin condition characterized by roughness and dryness. |
| Bx,bx | Biopsy |
| decub. | Decubitus (ulcer);pressure sore |
| derm. | Dermatology |
| DLE | Discoid lupus erythematosus |
| EAHF | Eczema,asthma,and hay fever |
| FANA | Fluorescent antinuclear antibody |
| FS | Frozen section |
| ID | Intradermal |
| I&D | Incision and drainage |
| LE | (Sytemic) lupus erythematosus |
| PPD | Purified protein derivative |
| PSS | Progressive systemic scleroderma |
| SLE | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| subq. | Subcutaneous |
| TENS | Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
| ung. | Ointment |
| UV | Ultra violet (light) |
| XP,XDP | Xeroderma pigmentosum |
Created by:
mrsdendy29
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