Final Exam Reveiw
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| Name three consequences for the lack of trans-cultural awareness | A. incorrect nursing judgments
B. Inappropriate teaching
C. Unsafe interventions
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| How does an individual acquire culture | Learn it
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| Define stereotype | A fixed concept of how all members of an ethic group act or think
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| how do individuals learn values | by observing behavior and the response it evokes
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| define culture | social characteristics of a specific group passed from generation to generation
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| how do you treat the patient's religious beliefs | with respect
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| what do you do if you determine that a cultural health practice is harmful to the patient | explain the hazards of continuing the practice
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| if you don't answer call lights promptly, what can you be accused of | negligence
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| define malpractice | an act of negligence by a professional
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| define libel | written defamation of a person
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| define slander | verbal defamation of a person
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| define accountability | being responsible for your own actions
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| define battery | assault that is carried out or commission of bodily injury or contact without consent
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| Which organization has priority in limiting the LVN's duties and responsibilities | Hospital policy and procedure
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| Duties of the admission nurse include | A. Explaining visiting hours and rules
B. Explaining the environment and hospital activities
C. Explaining communication systems
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| what are the guidelines used to judge whether a nurse is providing competent care | Standards of Care
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| Who makes the rules and regulations concerning nursing practices | BVNPT (Board of Vocational Nurse and Psychiatric Technician Examiners)
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| What is the nurse's best protection against malpractice | Reasonable prudent care
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| Forgetting to give medication to the patient is an example of what type of negligence | Malpractice
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| The MD has signed the D/C (Discharge) order for you patient. Your patient must: | Meet all nursing care plan objectives
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| List 3 facts about patient charts | A. It is a legal document
B. It is a permanent record
C. It is a property of the hospital
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| what does a nurse's ethical code do | Provide standards of conduct
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| When a patient is admitted without medical orders or the nurse has problems transcribing the MD orders, what must the nurse do | Call the doctor
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| In terms of privacy, can the nurse or the patient lock the bathroom door | No
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| What does the Good Samaritan Act do | protects you from liability if you render prudent (careful) care at the scene of an accident
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| Define and give examples of objective data | Info that's verifiable, measurable, uses senses
ie. (V.S. Facial Expressions)
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| Define NCP and tell me what the NCP is based on | a guide for nursing care NCP is Based on assessment data
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| in what phase of the nursing process is documentation found | Implementation
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| Name one of the primary purposes of the BCP and pt. chart | Communication; legal record
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| When (under what circumstances) do you write a nurse's note (ie DAR, SOAP, narrative note) | A. whenever pt's condition changes
B. to address problems on NCP
C. to address main DX
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| define planning | part of the nursing process that involves setting priorities & realistic goals
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| Define intervention | activity performed by nurse that should promote/achieve desired pt outcome
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| Differentiate between Dependent&Independent nursing measures | A. Dependent: requires MD Rx-
Meds, heating pads
B. Independent: no MD Rx required-
position change, assess, vital signs
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| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | Physiological, Safety and Security, Love and Belonging, Self-esteem, Self-actualization
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| Implementation | implementations is part of the nursing care plan in which nsg, actions are carried out
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| Subjective Data | symptoms, facts, perception, or sensation apparent only to the person affected
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| Three rules of writing patient goals | patient centered, measurable/ observable, realistic and time oriented
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| the components of the nursing process is; | assessment, Dx, expected outcome, Planning and implementation, evaluation
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| which steps in the nursing process are identified with patient problems | Expected Outcome
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| Risk for skin impairment r/t surgical procedure, What does r/t mean? | Related to
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| Define assertibeness | Ability to stand up for one's self and one another using open/honest communication; not violating others right
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| which of the five senses is the last to leave the body of a dying pt | Hearing
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| The most effective thechniques to facilitate communication is | Listnening
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| how do you verify that your message has been accureately rec'd | listen for feedback
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| Establishing a trusting relationship w/your pt is based on | Maintaining cofidentiality
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| what kind of a respose can you expect to get if you ask "closed" questions | Yes/No
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| Define Empathy | Identifying with person's feelings/problems
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| Define sympathy | actual feeling of regret or sorrow for pt's plight
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| success of interdisciplinary approach to health care depends MOST on | Effective communication
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| What are the four parts of the communication process | Sender, Msg, Receiver, Feedback
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| Name the two types of communication | verbal and non-verbal
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| Define nososcomial infection | a facility-acquired infection
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| Chain of infection (definition) | a process that begins when an agent leaves its reservoir or host through a portal of exit, and is conveyed by some mode of transmission, then enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host
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| Infectious agent | micro organism capable of producing an infection
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| Reservoir | where micro organism resides, it can be a food or water source also a human source
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| Portal of exit | in order for agent to establish infection, it must leave reservoir like: nose, mouth, open wounds, etc.
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| mode of transmission | micro organism travels to another host
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| Chain of infection | Reservoir-portal of exit-means of transmission-portal of entry-host
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| Portal of entry | infectious agent enters body of susceptible host (a person who is susceptible to an infection)
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| Standard of precautions | treat each patient as if they were infectious (break the chain of infection)
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| Surgical Asepsis | keeping work area sterile and free of all pathogens including spores
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| Medical Asepsis | keeping work area clean and free of most pathogens
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| pathogens | pathogens are microorganisms causing diseases
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| Prodromal Period | the most infectious stage of infection, the beginning of the appearance of signs and symptoms
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| Dysuria | painful or difficult urination
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| Bulimia | excessive and unstable appetite binging and purging
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| Gastritis | inflammation of lining of stomach
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| Oliguria | scanty urine output
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| Emesis | vomiting
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| Polyuria | Excessive out put of urine
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| Peristalsis | Wave-like contraction of intestinal muscles to move contents of GI tract
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| Hematuria | blood in urine
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| Cystitis | Inflammation of bladder
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| Retention | inability to empty the bladder
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| Flatulence | excessive intestinal gas
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| Jaundice | yellowing of tissue bilirubin in blood
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| micturation | urination
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| During an enema, your pt c/o abdomen cramping, what do you do? | lower solution container, have pt relax and then continue
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| what are the four segments of the large intestine | Ascending, descending, transverse, and sigmoid colons
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| list two terms of urination | voiding and micturation
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| what changes occur in the digestive system of the aging person | decreased thirst mechanism, decreased taste, decreased peristalsis, all leading to constipation
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| what measure is most frequently ordered for pt's with fecal impaction | oil retention, enema
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| what method is usually used to collect a "clean catch" us | Mid-stream sampling
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| name some normal constituents of feces | bacterial, bile
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| name some abnormal constituents of feces | blood, worms
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| List four activities that cause stress incontinence | laughing, coughing, sneezing, lifting
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| name two important nsg measures for pt's with indwelling cath | clean around meatus, keep drainage bag below bladder
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| what is the purpose of digital disimpaction | to break up fecal mass
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| BRP | bathroom privileges
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| F/C | foley cath
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| UA | urinalysis or urine
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| What's the abbreviation to describe defecation | BM
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| the purpose of maintaining a wide base of support is to | provide stability & balance
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| Define adduction | lateral movement of body part toward the midline
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| define abduction | lateral movement of body part away from midline
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| How high is the HOB elevated for semi-Fowler's | 30-45%
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| Define body mechanics | The efficient use of the body
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| what does a trochanter roll do | prevents external rotation of legs
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| name three positions used for rectal exam | A. Sims
B. Lithotomy
C. Knee-Chest
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| Which organ is quickly affected by lying in one position for a long time | Lungs
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| Contracture | a permanent shortening muscle
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| When a patient is having dyspnea (shortness of breath) position them _________ | sitting up
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| prone position | lying on the abdomen
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| A mechanical lift & a draw sheet | helps you transfer a dependent pt from bed to Guerney
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| Decubitus Ulcer | lack of circulation over bony prominence
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| why do we bend our knee's when lifting | prevent injury to our back
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| Define atrophy | decreased in size and decreased in strength of muscle
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| Define Erythema | redness of skin
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| Necrosis | tissue death due to the lack of oxygen
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| Dorsiflexion | turning sole of foot upward
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| Plantar Flexion | aka foot drop; sole of foot downward
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| ROM | range of motion
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| Hypoxia | (Hypo + Oxygen) decreased levels of oxygen to tissue
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| Difference between Active and passive ROM | Active: pt does exercise
Passive: Nurse assists wit exercise
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| Define edema | fluid in the tissues; swelling r/t fluid in the tissues
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| Define Atelectasis | incoplete expansion or collapse of lung
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| Define ascites | accumulation of fluid and protein in the peritoneal cavity
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| Define cerumen | ear wax
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| Define disoriented | unaware of time, place or identity
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| Define auscultation | listening for sounds within the body
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| Define sputum | secretions from the respiratory tract (not saliva)
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| Define turgor | skin elasticity
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| Define ecchymosis | bruise, bleed under skin
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| Define cynotic | blue due to the lack of oxygen
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| what color should the skin and mucus membranes be | pink
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| what color of skin and mucus membranes is reportable STAT | Dusky and bluish
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| Percussion and the chest/back to asses the lungs is done to check for what | Fluid in the lungs
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| how can you help your pt increase his fluid intake | offer fluid between meals
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| in what position should the pt be in to eat | fowlers
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| most important source of calcium | Milk
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| name all five food groups in the food pyramid | Grains, vegetables, fruit, milk, meats&beans
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| ac | before meals
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| pc | after meals
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| the main source of energy comes from what nutrient | carbs
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| I/O | intake and output
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| be able to compute fluid intake | 1 0z= 30 ml
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| why are clear and full liquid diets inadequate | too few calories
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| who's responsible for making notations q d re; what pt eats | nurse
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| S/Sx of malnutrition | irritability, poor muscle tone/skin turgor, malises, weakness
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| give examples of clear liquids | water, jello
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| cc | cubic centimeter
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| what's monitored when pt is on strict output | Ua, emesis, liquid BM, drainage
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| The key to maintaining a good nutritional diet is | eat a variety of foods
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| BMR | basal metabolic rate
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| what's restricted on a low calorie diet | carbs
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| Define ischemia | decreased blood flow in to an area
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| what nursing activities are appropriate for patients with edema | assess skin, weigh daily, and monitor I&O
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| what is the first priority in the ER | assess breathing
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| you find a patient on the floor (fell) what do you do first | quick assessment to determine nursing interventions
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| Define STAT | immediately
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