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Reveiw
Final Exam Reveiw
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name three consequences for the lack of trans-cultural awareness | A. incorrect nursing judgments B. Inappropriate teaching C. Unsafe interventions |
| How does an individual acquire culture | Learn it |
| Define stereotype | A fixed concept of how all members of an ethic group act or think |
| how do individuals learn values | by observing behavior and the response it evokes |
| define culture | social characteristics of a specific group passed from generation to generation |
| how do you treat the patient's religious beliefs | with respect |
| what do you do if you determine that a cultural health practice is harmful to the patient | explain the hazards of continuing the practice |
| if you don't answer call lights promptly, what can you be accused of | negligence |
| define malpractice | an act of negligence by a professional |
| define libel | written defamation of a person |
| define slander | verbal defamation of a person |
| define accountability | being responsible for your own actions |
| define battery | assault that is carried out or commission of bodily injury or contact without consent |
| Which organization has priority in limiting the LVN's duties and responsibilities | Hospital policy and procedure |
| Duties of the admission nurse include | A. Explaining visiting hours and rules B. Explaining the environment and hospital activities C. Explaining communication systems |
| what are the guidelines used to judge whether a nurse is providing competent care | Standards of Care |
| Who makes the rules and regulations concerning nursing practices | BVNPT (Board of Vocational Nurse and Psychiatric Technician Examiners) |
| What is the nurse's best protection against malpractice | Reasonable prudent care |
| Forgetting to give medication to the patient is an example of what type of negligence | Malpractice |
| The MD has signed the D/C (Discharge) order for you patient. Your patient must: | Meet all nursing care plan objectives |
| List 3 facts about patient charts | A. It is a legal document B. It is a permanent record C. It is a property of the hospital |
| what does a nurse's ethical code do | Provide standards of conduct |
| When a patient is admitted without medical orders or the nurse has problems transcribing the MD orders, what must the nurse do | Call the doctor |
| In terms of privacy, can the nurse or the patient lock the bathroom door | No |
| What does the Good Samaritan Act do | protects you from liability if you render prudent (careful) care at the scene of an accident |
| Define and give examples of objective data | Info that's verifiable, measurable, uses senses ie. (V.S. Facial Expressions) |
| Define NCP and tell me what the NCP is based on | a guide for nursing care NCP is Based on assessment data |
| in what phase of the nursing process is documentation found | Implementation |
| Name one of the primary purposes of the BCP and pt. chart | Communication; legal record |
| When (under what circumstances) do you write a nurse's note (ie DAR, SOAP, narrative note) | A. whenever pt's condition changes B. to address problems on NCP C. to address main DX |
| define planning | part of the nursing process that involves setting priorities & realistic goals |
| Define intervention | activity performed by nurse that should promote/achieve desired pt outcome |
| Differentiate between Dependent&Independent nursing measures | A. Dependent: requires MD Rx- Meds, heating pads B. Independent: no MD Rx required- position change, assess, vital signs |
| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | Physiological, Safety and Security, Love and Belonging, Self-esteem, Self-actualization |
| Implementation | implementations is part of the nursing care plan in which nsg, actions are carried out |
| Subjective Data | symptoms, facts, perception, or sensation apparent only to the person affected |
| Three rules of writing patient goals | patient centered, measurable/ observable, realistic and time oriented |
| the components of the nursing process is; | assessment, Dx, expected outcome, Planning and implementation, evaluation |
| which steps in the nursing process are identified with patient problems | Expected Outcome |
| Risk for skin impairment r/t surgical procedure, What does r/t mean? | Related to |
| Define assertibeness | Ability to stand up for one's self and one another using open/honest communication; not violating others right |
| which of the five senses is the last to leave the body of a dying pt | Hearing |
| The most effective thechniques to facilitate communication is | Listnening |
| how do you verify that your message has been accureately rec'd | listen for feedback |
| Establishing a trusting relationship w/your pt is based on | Maintaining cofidentiality |
| what kind of a respose can you expect to get if you ask "closed" questions | Yes/No |
| Define Empathy | Identifying with person's feelings/problems |
| Define sympathy | actual feeling of regret or sorrow for pt's plight |
| success of interdisciplinary approach to health care depends MOST on | Effective communication |
| What are the four parts of the communication process | Sender, Msg, Receiver, Feedback |
| Name the two types of communication | verbal and non-verbal |
| Define nososcomial infection | a facility-acquired infection |
| Chain of infection (definition) | a process that begins when an agent leaves its reservoir or host through a portal of exit, and is conveyed by some mode of transmission, then enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host |
| Infectious agent | micro organism capable of producing an infection |
| Reservoir | where micro organism resides, it can be a food or water source also a human source |
| Portal of exit | in order for agent to establish infection, it must leave reservoir like: nose, mouth, open wounds, etc. |
| mode of transmission | micro organism travels to another host |
| Chain of infection | Reservoir-portal of exit-means of transmission-portal of entry-host |
| Portal of entry | infectious agent enters body of susceptible host (a person who is susceptible to an infection) |
| Standard of precautions | treat each patient as if they were infectious (break the chain of infection) |
| Surgical Asepsis | keeping work area sterile and free of all pathogens including spores |
| Medical Asepsis | keeping work area clean and free of most pathogens |
| pathogens | pathogens are microorganisms causing diseases |
| Prodromal Period | the most infectious stage of infection, the beginning of the appearance of signs and symptoms |
| Dysuria | painful or difficult urination |
| Bulimia | excessive and unstable appetite binging and purging |
| Gastritis | inflammation of lining of stomach |
| Oliguria | scanty urine output |
| Emesis | vomiting |
| Polyuria | Excessive out put of urine |
| Peristalsis | Wave-like contraction of intestinal muscles to move contents of GI tract |
| Hematuria | blood in urine |
| Cystitis | Inflammation of bladder |
| Retention | inability to empty the bladder |
| Flatulence | excessive intestinal gas |
| Jaundice | yellowing of tissue bilirubin in blood |
| micturation | urination |
| During an enema, your pt c/o abdomen cramping, what do you do? | lower solution container, have pt relax and then continue |
| what are the four segments of the large intestine | Ascending, descending, transverse, and sigmoid colons |
| list two terms of urination | voiding and micturation |
| what changes occur in the digestive system of the aging person | decreased thirst mechanism, decreased taste, decreased peristalsis, all leading to constipation |
| what measure is most frequently ordered for pt's with fecal impaction | oil retention, enema |
| what method is usually used to collect a "clean catch" us | Mid-stream sampling |
| name some normal constituents of feces | bacterial, bile |
| name some abnormal constituents of feces | blood, worms |
| List four activities that cause stress incontinence | laughing, coughing, sneezing, lifting |
| name two important nsg measures for pt's with indwelling cath | clean around meatus, keep drainage bag below bladder |
| what is the purpose of digital disimpaction | to break up fecal mass |
| BRP | bathroom privileges |
| F/C | foley cath |
| UA | urinalysis or urine |
| What's the abbreviation to describe defecation | BM |
| the purpose of maintaining a wide base of support is to | provide stability & balance |
| Define adduction | lateral movement of body part toward the midline |
| define abduction | lateral movement of body part away from midline |
| How high is the HOB elevated for semi-Fowler's | 30-45% |
| Define body mechanics | The efficient use of the body |
| what does a trochanter roll do | prevents external rotation of legs |
| name three positions used for rectal exam | A. Sims B. Lithotomy C. Knee-Chest |
| Which organ is quickly affected by lying in one position for a long time | Lungs |
| Contracture | a permanent shortening muscle |
| When a patient is having dyspnea (shortness of breath) position them _________ | sitting up |
| prone position | lying on the abdomen |
| A mechanical lift & a draw sheet | helps you transfer a dependent pt from bed to Guerney |
| Decubitus Ulcer | lack of circulation over bony prominence |
| why do we bend our knee's when lifting | prevent injury to our back |
| Define atrophy | decreased in size and decreased in strength of muscle |
| Define Erythema | redness of skin |
| Necrosis | tissue death due to the lack of oxygen |
| Dorsiflexion | turning sole of foot upward |
| Plantar Flexion | aka foot drop; sole of foot downward |
| ROM | range of motion |
| Hypoxia | (Hypo + Oxygen) decreased levels of oxygen to tissue |
| Difference between Active and passive ROM | Active: pt does exercise Passive: Nurse assists wit exercise |
| Define edema | fluid in the tissues; swelling r/t fluid in the tissues |
| Define Atelectasis | incoplete expansion or collapse of lung |
| Define ascites | accumulation of fluid and protein in the peritoneal cavity |
| Define cerumen | ear wax |
| Define disoriented | unaware of time, place or identity |
| Define auscultation | listening for sounds within the body |
| Define sputum | secretions from the respiratory tract (not saliva) |
| Define turgor | skin elasticity |
| Define ecchymosis | bruise, bleed under skin |
| Define cynotic | blue due to the lack of oxygen |
| what color should the skin and mucus membranes be | pink |
| what color of skin and mucus membranes is reportable STAT | Dusky and bluish |
| Percussion and the chest/back to asses the lungs is done to check for what | Fluid in the lungs |
| how can you help your pt increase his fluid intake | offer fluid between meals |
| in what position should the pt be in to eat | fowlers |
| most important source of calcium | Milk |
| name all five food groups in the food pyramid | Grains, vegetables, fruit, milk, meats&beans |
| ac | before meals |
| pc | after meals |
| the main source of energy comes from what nutrient | carbs |
| I/O | intake and output |
| be able to compute fluid intake | 1 0z= 30 ml |
| why are clear and full liquid diets inadequate | too few calories |
| who's responsible for making notations q d re; what pt eats | nurse |
| S/Sx of malnutrition | irritability, poor muscle tone/skin turgor, malises, weakness |
| give examples of clear liquids | water, jello |
| cc | cubic centimeter |
| what's monitored when pt is on strict output | Ua, emesis, liquid BM, drainage |
| The key to maintaining a good nutritional diet is | eat a variety of foods |
| BMR | basal metabolic rate |
| what's restricted on a low calorie diet | carbs |
| Define ischemia | decreased blood flow in to an area |
| what nursing activities are appropriate for patients with edema | assess skin, weigh daily, and monitor I&O |
| what is the first priority in the ER | assess breathing |
| you find a patient on the floor (fell) what do you do first | quick assessment to determine nursing interventions |
| Define STAT | immediately |
Created by:
CesarP
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