Body planes/directions
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| aden/o | gland
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| adip/o | fat
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| anter/o | before, front
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| caud/o | lower part of the body, tail
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| cephal/o | head
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| cyt/o, -cyte | cell
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| end-, endo- | in, within, inside
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| exo- | out of, outside, away from
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| hist/o, histi/o | tissue
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| -ologist | specialist
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| -ology | the science of study of
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| path/o, -pathy | disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
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| plas/i, plas/o, -plasia | development, growth, formation
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| -stasis, -static | control, maintenance of constant level
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| abdominal cavity | contains primarily the major organs of digestion
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| adenectomy | surgical removal of a gland
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| adenocarcinoma | malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue
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| adenoma | benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue
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| adenomalacia | abnormal softening of a gland
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| adenosclerosis | abnormal hardening of a gland
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| anaplasia | change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other
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| anatomy | study of the structures of the body
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| anomaly | deviation from what is regarded as normal
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| anterior | situated in the front or on the front part of an organ
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| aplasia | defective development or the congenital absence, of an organ or tissue
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| bloodborne transmission | spread of a disease through contract with blood or other body fluids that are contaminated with blood
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| caudal | towards the lower part of the body
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| cephalic | toward the head
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| chromosomes | genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell
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| communicable disease | any dondition that is transmitted from one person to another either by direct or indirect contact with contaminated objects
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| congenital disorder | abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth
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| cytoplasm | material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus
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| distal | means situated farthest from the midline or beginning of the body structure
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| dorsal | refers to the back of the organ or body
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| dysplasia | abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
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| endemic | refers to the ongoing presence of a disease within a population, group. or area
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| endocrine glands | produce hormones, do not have ducts, secreted directly into the bloodstream
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| epidemic | sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population or group or area
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| epigastric region | located above the stomach
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| etiology | the study of the causes of diseases
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| exocrine glands | secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body
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| functional disorder | produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified
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| genetic disorder | pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene, hereditary disorder
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| geriatrician | a physician who specializes in the care of older people
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| hemophilia | a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing
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| histology | the study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues
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| homeostasis | processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment
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| hyperplasia | enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissue
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| hypertrophy | general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ due to an increase in size but not number of cells
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| hypogastric region | below the stomach
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| hypoplasia | incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells
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| iatrogenic illness | unfavorable resonpse due to prescribed medical treatment
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| idiopathic disorder | an illness without a known cause
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| infectious disease | illness caused by living pathogenic organisms
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| inguinal | relating to the groin, refers to the entire lower area of the abdomen
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| medial | direction toward or nearer, the midline
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| mesentery | fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior of the abdominal wall
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| midsagittal plane | the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves
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| nosocomial infection | a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting
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| pandemic | disease occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide, ex AIDs
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| pelvic cavity | space formed by the hip bones and contain primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems
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| peritoneum | multilayered membrane that protects and hold the organs in place within the abdominal cavity
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| peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum
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| phyenylketonuria | Genetic disorder in which the digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing
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| physiology | study of the functions of the structures of the body
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| posterior | situated in the back or back part of an organ
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| proximal | situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure
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| retroperitoneal | behind the peritoneum, example kidneys
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| stem cells | unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division
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| thoracic cavity | surrounds and protects the heart and the lungs
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| transverse plane | a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions
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| umbilicus | Pit in the center of the abdominal wall marks the point where the cord was attached before birth, belly button
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| vector-borne transmission | spread of certain disease due to the bite of a vector, such as flies, mites, fleas etc
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| ventral | the front or belly side of the organ or body
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Created by:
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