Flash cards for the ACSM CPT Test
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| Personal Trainer's Scope of Practice 1 | show 🗑
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| show | Perform fitness tests or assessments (as appropriate) on clients to determine their current level of fitness.
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| Personal Trainer's Scope of Practice 3 | show 🗑
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| show | Develop exercise regimens and programs(often referred to as an "exercise prescription") for clients to follow and modify programs as necessary, based on progression and goals.
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| Personal Trainer's Scope of Practice 5 | show 🗑
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| show | Provide clients with safe and effective exercise techniques or training programs as well as educate them about exercises that may be contraindicated.
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| Personal Trainer's Scope of Practice 7 | show 🗑
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| Personal Trainer's Scope of Practice 8 | show 🗑
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| Personal Trainer's Scope of Practice 9 | show 🗑
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| show | Educate clients about health and fitness and encourage them to become independent exercisers.
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| How much moderate intensity exercise does ASCM recommend for adults 18-64 yrs old per week? | show 🗑
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| How much vigorous intensity exercise does ASCM recommend for adults 18-64 yrs old per week? | show 🗑
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| Hour much exercise should children and adolescents get per day? | show 🗑
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| show | Adenosine Triphosphate
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| show | The amount of ATP directly available in the muscle at any time is small, so it must be re-synthesized continuously if exercise lasts for more then a few seconds.
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| show | Creatine Phosphate, anareobic glycolysis, and aerobic oxidation of nutrients to carbon dioxide and water.
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| show | Adenosine Diphosphate
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| CVD Risk Factor: Age | show 🗑
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| CVD Risk Factor: Family History | show 🗑
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| show | Current cigarette smoker or those who quit within the previous 6 months or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
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| show | Not participating in at least 30 min of moderate intensity physical activity (40%<60% VO2R) on at least 3d of the week for at least 3 months.
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| show | Body mass index >30 kg x m-2 or waist girth >102 cm (40 in) for men and >88 cm (35 in) for women
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| CVD Risk Factor: Hypertension | show 🗑
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| CVD Risk Factor: Dyslipidemia | show 🗑
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| show | Impaired fasting glucose = fasting plasma glucose >100 mg x dL-1 (5.55 mmol x L-1) and <125 mg x dL-1) or impaired glucose tolerance = 2 h values in oral glucose tolerance test >140 mg x dL-1 (7.77 mmol x L-1) and <199 mg x dL-1 (11.04 mmol x L-1) taken 2
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| show | >60mg x dL-1 (1.55 mmolx L-1)
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| Ipsilateral | show 🗑
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| Valgus | show 🗑
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| show | Distal segment of joint deviates medially
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| show | Movement resulting in a decrease of the joint angle, usually moving anteriorly in the sagittal plane
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| Extension | show 🗑
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| Abduction | show 🗑
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| show | Movement toward the midline of the body, usually in the frontal plane
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| show | Movement away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane, usually used to describe horizontal humerus movement when the shoulder is flexed at 90 degrees
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| show | Movement toward the midline of the body in the transverse plane, usually used to describe horizontal humerus movement when the shoulder is flexed at 90 degrees
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| show | Rotation in the transverse plane toward the midline of the body
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| External (lateral) rotation | show 🗑
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| show | Movement away from the midline of the body on the frontal plane, usually used to describe neck or trunk movement
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| show | Right or left rotation in the transverse plane, usually used to describe neck and trunk movement.
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| Elevation | show 🗑
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| What describes the systemic approach to learning anatomy? | show 🗑
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| show | Skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory.
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| What is the field of study focusing on the principles of physics in relation to energy and force as applicable to the human body's movements? | show 🗑
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| What is another term for the body orientation known ans inferior? | show 🗑
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| What is a more commonly used term for cranial orientation? | show 🗑
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| show | Perpendicular to the plane
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| What are the three cardinal planes of the body? | show 🗑
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| Which plane is known to divide the body into superior/inferior segments? | show 🗑
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| To which plane does the mediolateral axis lie perpendicular? | show 🗑
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| show | Circumduction
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| Flexion is a type of movement that performs what action? | show 🗑
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| In what plane does the movement of flexion occur? | show 🗑
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| show | Sagittal plane, mediolateral axis.
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| Which type of motion increased the angle of the moving joint? | show 🗑
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| What describes the movement type called adduction? | show 🗑
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| show | Constricting, squeezing, burning, "heaviness" or "heavy feeling"
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| Pain, discomfort (or other anginal equivalent) in the chest , neck, jaw, arms, or other areas that may result from ischemia. Features favoring an ischemic origin: Location: | show 🗑
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| show | Exercise or exertion, excitement, other forms of stress, cold weather, occurrence after meals.
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| show | Dull ache;"knifelike," sharp, stabbing; "jabrs" aggravated by respiration.
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| Pain, discomfort (or other anginal equivalent) in the chest , neck, jaw, arms, or other areas that may result from ischemia. Features against an ischemic origin: Location: | show 🗑
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| show | After completion of exercise, provoked by a specific body motion.
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| show | Abnormally uncomfortable awareness of breathing
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| show | Dyspnea should be regarded as abnormal when it occurs at a level of exertion that is not expected to evoke this symptom in a given individual. This could indicate presnce of cardiopulmonary disorders,, in paticular left ventricular dysfunction or COPD.
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| Syncope | show 🗑
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| show | Reduced perfucion to the brain.
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| show | Things that result from cardiac disorders that prevent the normal rise in cardiac output, such as CAD, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, aortic stenosis, and malignant ventricular dysrhythmias.
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| show | Should not be ignored, these symptoms may occur even in healthy persons as a result of a reduction in venous return to the heart
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| show | 0.453592kg
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| 1kg to lb | show 🗑
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| show | 0.393701in
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| show | 2.54cm
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| Absolute VO2max | show 🗑
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| show | Theory of Planned Behavior
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| show | The intention to make behavior change leads to change. If a client has a positive attitude about change, feels that it is enjoyable has feelings of controllability and self efficacy and recognizes that the social network values change the will change.
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| show | Enhance self-efficacy
Explore attitudes related to change
Introduce enjoyable activities
Utilize group activities or buddy systems
Help identify and engage social support
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| show | TPB treatments significantly increase intention
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| show | "Intention-behavior gap" inteintion does not always lead to behavior.
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| SCT (Behavioral Change Theory) | show 🗑
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| show | Outcome exceptions and self efficacy are the most important factors to behavior change. The physical and social environment is key. One's skill set, reinforcement and incentives copings skills, experiences, and thoughts and feelings determine change.
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| show | Utilize role models
Self-monitoring planning and problem solving
Increase Social Support
Skill development, self efficacy
Utilize environment cues and reinforcements
Break thought chains (stop feelings and behaviors)
Recognize past success
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| Social Cognitive Theory: Strengths | show 🗑
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| show | Many factors to consider in one treatment program
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| GST (Behavioral Change Theory) | show 🗑
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| show | Setting goals causes change, Mostly settings goals that are specific manageable attainable realistic and time specific lead to behavior change. Also important to change is self efficacy feedback, skill level and the perceived importance of the goal.
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| show | Self-directed goals
Utilize recording and monitoring tools
Problem solving skills
Feedback
Allow client to express reasons to change
Review past successful goals and "what worked"
Regular goal settings
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| show | Gives clients a concrete plan for change
May be utilized within other theories
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| show | May not address factors such as thoughts emotions and environment
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| show | Change is achieved through realistic maintainable goals that are small relative to baseline, and cumulative. Combines components such as goal setting feedback and self monitoring to yield achievement of goals and increases in self efficacy to make change.
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| show | Self selected goals
Goals are relative to baseline
Goals are small
Utilize monitoring tools and feedback
Problem solving skills
Goals are linked to lifestyle and maintainable across time
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| Small Changes Model: Strengths: | show 🗑
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| show | New Theory with only a handful of studies to date. Moreover, little is known about its effectiveness for certain groups of people.
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| show | Behavior change is a result of not only the invidual factors but also the social structure, environment, community, policy, and law
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| Socioecological Theory: Important Tools: | show 🗑
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| show | Recognizes that clients are affected by their greater environment
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| show | The environmental structure (including community, policy, and law) can be very difficult to change and change is slow at best.
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| TTM (Behavioral Change Theory) | show 🗑
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| Transtheoretical Model of Change: Main Idea: | show 🗑
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| show | Decisional Balance
Processes of change (self liberation, reinforcement management, dramatic relief)
Self-efficacy and confidence in change
"Rolling with Resistance"
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| Transtheoretical Model of Change: Strengths: | show 🗑
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| Transtheoretical Model of Change: Limitations: | show 🗑
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| show | Health Belief Model
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| Health Belief Model: Main Idea: | show 🗑
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| show | Explore health concerns and vulnerability
Education
Identify barriers and benifits to change
Use of external cues to remind clients of risks and benefits
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| show | Clients have a greater understanding of health
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| show | May not be as effective for clients who do not have identified health risks.
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| show | 4kcal
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| show | 4kcal
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| Kcal in Fat | show 🗑
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| Kcal in Alcohol | show 🗑
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| show | VO2 / 3.5 = METs
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| Type 1 | show 🗑
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| show | Fast Twitch
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| Type 2a | show 🗑
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| Type 2b | show 🗑
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| show | Only the muscles that are trained will adapt and change in response to a given program.
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| show | Specific Adaptions to Imposed Demands
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| SAID Principle | show 🗑
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| show | As the body adapts to a given stimulus, an increase in the stimulus is required for further adaptions and improvements. Thus, if the load or volume is not increased over time progress will be limited.
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| Variation in training | show 🗑
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| show | The phasic manipulation of the training variables, as a means of optimizing desired physiological outcomes while concurrently reducing the incidence of over training. Allows for optimal training and recovery time in a resistance training program.
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| Prioritization of training: | show 🗑
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| Training Variables | show 🗑
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| show | Joint
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| show | Muscle Insertion
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| Resistance | show 🗑
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| show | Essentially free weights and machines. Anything that has a constant resistance.
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| show | Large muscle groups before small
Multi joint before single joint
Alternate push/pull for total body
Explosive/plymoterics before normal strength training
Weak before strong
Most intense to least intense
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| Muscular Strength: Novice: Volume | show 🗑
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| Muscular Strength: Novice: Intensity | show 🗑
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| Muscular Strength: Novice: Rest Period | show 🗑
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| show | Novice: 2-3days/week
Intermediate: 3-4days/week
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| show | Multiple set programs with systematic variations in volume and intensity
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| show | Cycling load of 80%-100% 1RM
Progressing to heavy loads 1-6 reps
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| show | 2-3 min between sets for core lifts
1-2 min for assistance exercises
Extended rest periods may be necessary
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| show | 4-6 days per week
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| show | 1-3 sets per exercise
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| show | 70%-85% 1RM
8-12 reps
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| Muscular Hypertrophy: Novice: Rest Period | show 🗑
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| show | Novice: 2-3days/week
Intermediate: up to 4days/week split routines
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| Muscular Hypertrophy: Advanced: Volume | show 🗑
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| show | 70%-100%1RM be used
1-12 repetitions per set
6-12 repetitions for the majority
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| Muscular Hypertrophy: Advanced: Rest Period | show 🗑
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| show | 4-6 days/week
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| Muscular Power: Novice: Volume | show 🗑
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| Muscular Power: Novice: Intensity | show 🗑
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| Muscular Power: Novice: Rest Period | show 🗑
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| show | Reduce the chance of injury to muscles or joints by increasing the extensibilty of connective tissue.
Improve joint range of motion and function.
Help prevent ischemia (lack of oxygen) of the heart, which may occur in clients with sudden exertion.
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| show | 5-10 minutes
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| show | A bruise
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| The Female Athlete Triad | show 🗑
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| BMI underweight | show 🗑
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| Precontemplation | show 🗑
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| Contemplation | show 🗑
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| Preparation | show 🗑
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| show | An individual that is physically active at the recommended level for fewer than 6 months
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| Maintenance | show 🗑
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