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Ap World History - Summerville High School

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Term
Definition
show author of The Prince; emphasized realistic discussions of how to seize and maintain power.  
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humanism   show
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Northern Renaissance   show
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Francis I   show
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show introduced movable type to western Europe in the 15th century; greatly expanded the availability of printed materials.  
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show emerged in the 15th century; involved a later marriage age and a primary emphasis on the nuclear family.  
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show German Catholic monk who initiated the Protestant Reformation; emphasized the primacy of faith for gaining salvation in place of Catholic sacraments; rejected papal authority.  
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Protestantism   show
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Anglican church   show
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show French Protestant who stressed doctrine of predestination; established center of his group in Geneva; in the long run encouraged wider public education and access to government.  
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show Catholic response to the Protestant Reformation; reformed and revived Catholic doctrine.  
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show Catholic religious order founded during Catholic Reformation; active in politics, education, and missionary work outside of Europe.  
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show 1598 grant of tolerance in France to French Protestants after lengthy civil wars between Catholics and Protestants.  
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show war from 1618 to 1648 between German Protestants and their allies and the Holy Roman emperor and Spain; caused great destruction.  
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show ended Thirty Years War in 1648; granted right of individual rulers and cities to choose their own religion for their people; Netherlands gained independence.  
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English Civil War   show
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show class of people without access to producing property; usually manufacturing workers, paid laborers in agriculture, or urban poor; product of the economic changes of the 16th and 17th centuries.  
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witchcraft persecution   show
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show process culminating in Europe during the 17th century; period of empirical advances associated with the development of wider theoretical generalizations; became a central focus of Western culture.  
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show Polish monk and astronomer; disproved Hellenistic belief that the sun was at the center of the universe.  
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show resolved basic issues of planetary motion and accomplished important work in optics.  
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show publicized Copernicus’s findings; added own discoveries concerning the laws of gravity and planetary motion; condemned by the Catholic church for his work.  
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William Harvey   show
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Francis Bacon   show
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René Descartes   show
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show English scientist; author of Principia; drew the various astronomical and physical observations and wider theories together in a neat framework of natural laws; established principles of motion and defined forces of gravity.  
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show concept of God during the Scientific Revolution; the role of divinity was limited to setting natural laws in motion.  
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show English philosopher who argued that people could learn everything through their senses and reason; argued that the power of government came from the people, not from the divine right of kings; they had the right to overthrow tyrants.  
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absolute monarchy   show
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Louis XIV   show
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Glorious Revolution   show
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show originated in England and Holland in the seventeenth century, with monarchs partially checked by significant legislative powers in parliaments.  
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Frederick the Great   show
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show intellectual movement centered in France during the 18th century; argued for scientific advance, the application of scientific methods to study human society; believed that rational laws could describe social behavior.  
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show established new school of economic thought; argued that governments should avoid regulation of economies in favor of the free play of market forces.  
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show French Enlightenment figure best known for his work on the Encyclopedie.  
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show Enlightenment English feminist thinker; argued that political rights should be extended to women.  
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mass consumerism   show
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proto-globalization   show
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