Venipuncture exam intro and tubes ma winter 2015
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| what is the main purpose of a venipuncture chair? | Protects patient in the event of painting fainting
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| who mandates that we use gloves? | OSHA
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| are the gloves sterile or non sterile? | Non-sterile
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| at what point in the procedure do the gloves have to be on? | Before alcohol
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| how do tourniquets work? | Obstruct blood flow and distends veins
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| how long can you leave tourniquets tied? | 1 to 2 minutes
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| can you type tourniquets over clothing? | Yes
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| list some complications of leaving a tourniquet on too long | hemoconcentration, petechiae, tingling, numbness, nerve damage, pain
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| what is hemoconcentration | cells are concentrated in proportion to plasma
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| what is the most common antiseptic used in phlebotomy? | 70% isopropyl alcohol
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| how does alcohol work? | Inhibits bacterial growth or reproduction
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| howlong does alcohol need to be on the skin to be effective? | 30 to 60 seconds or until dry
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| list 3 contraindications for using alcohol to clean the skin before venipuncture | allergy, blood alcohol, blood culture
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| why do we clean the skin from inner to outer? | To move the bacteria from one area to another
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| what does evacuated in a tube mean? | The air has been removed there is a vacuum in the tube.
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| The larger the tube the what the vacuum? | Greater
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| the smaller the tube the what the vacuum? | the smaller the tube the what the vacuum? Smaller smaller
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| if you drive five milliliters of blood, how much serum will it produced? | Two and a half million liters
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| what is the purpose of a clot activator in a tube? | Speeds up the clotting process stimulates formation of a clot
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| list five types of tests that are run on plasma specimens | coagulation, stats, whole blood, CBC, blood typing
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| serum specimens are used for what type of test? | Chemistry
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| what is serum? | Liquid portion in the tube after the blood clots with clotting factors without clotting factors
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| how long does it take for the blood to clot in a serum tube that contains a clot activator? | 30 minutes
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| how long does it take for blood to clot in a serum tube that does not contain a clot activator? | 60 minutes
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| what is thixotropic gel? | gel that gets thinner when heated for educated agitated
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| what causes thixotropic gel to settle itself between the clot/cell and the serum during centrifugation? | Gets thinner when heated, gel is lighter than cell, rises above, heavier than serum or plasma
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| what is the difference between an SST and the PST? | One has serum and one has plasma
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| why is it important to invert tubes after you drop blood? | To mix additives with blood
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| what is a short draw? | Not completely filled/ Incompletely filled tube
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| how could a short draw alter test results? | Increases concentration of additives, changes results
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| what could cause the vacuum in the tubes to decrease or disappear | if tubes expire, taking top off
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| if the vacuum in the tube disappeared,what would happen to blood flow into the tube? | the flow would stop or decreased
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| what happens to additives when a tube expires? | They degrade
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| how could using an expired tube affect test results? | If not enough blood or added to his, bad test results, inaccurate
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| clot activator | speeds up clot formation
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| sodium citrate | removes calcium, no clot formation
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| heparin | inhibits thrombin, no clot formation, anti-coagulation
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| EDTA | removes calcium, prevents clot formation, preservative
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| potassium oxalate | removes calcium, prevents clot formation
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| sodium fluoride | inhibits glycolysis,( breakdown of glycogen, )prevents cells from using preservatives
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| no the order of draw by color | light blue, red gold red gray, green, lavender or pink, grey
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