Medical Terminology a living language
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| How many bones are in the skeletal system? | 206
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| What is the internal framework of the body called? | skeleton
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| Which two primary structures make up the skeletal system? | bones, joints
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| ankyl/o | stiff joint
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| arthr/o | joint
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| articul/o | joint
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| burs/o | sack
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| carp/o | wrist
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| cervic/o | neck
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| chondr/o | cartilage
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| clavicul/o | clacicle
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| coccyg/o | coccyx
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| cortic/o | outer portion
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| cost/o | rib
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| crani/o | skull
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| femor/o | femur
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| fibul/o | fibula
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| humer/o | humerus
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| ili/o | ilium
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| ischi/o | ischium
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| kyph/o | hump
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| lamin/o | lamina, part of vertebra
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| lord/o | bent backwards
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| lumb/o | low back, loin
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| mandibul/o | mandible
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| maxill/o | maxilla
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| medull/o | inner portion
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| metacarp/o | metacarpals
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| metatars/o | metatarsals
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| myel/o | bone marrow, spinal chord
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| orth/o | straight
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| oste/o | bone
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| patell/o | patella
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| ped/o | child, foot
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| pelv/o | pelvis
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| phalang/o | phalanges
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| pod/o | foot
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| prosthet/o | addition
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| pub/o | pubis
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| radi/o | radius, ray (x-ray)
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| sacr/o | sacrum
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| sarc/o | flesh
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| scapul/o | scapula
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| scoli/o | crooked, bent
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| spin/o | spine
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| spondyl/o | vertebrae
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| stern/o | sternum
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| synovi/o | synovial membrane
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| synov/o | synovial membrane
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| tars/o | ankle
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| thorac/o | chest
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| tibi/o | tibia
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| uln/o | ulna
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| vertebr/o | Vertebra
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| -blast | immature, embryonic
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| -clasia | to surgically break
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| -desis | stabalize, fuse
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| -listhesis | slipping
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| -porosis | porous
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| what two functions do bones have? | protecting the organs and storing minerals
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| where are blood cells produced? | bone marrow
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| the space where two bones meet | joint
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| what holds two bones together? | ligaments
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| the skeleton joints and muscles work together to produce | movement
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| what is another word for bones? | osseous tissue
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| what is the process of forming bones called? | ossification
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| The fetal skeleton is formed from a _____ model | cartilage
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| after cartilage is formed but before osteocytes are formed what makes up the skeleton? | osteoblasts
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| what are adult bones called? | osteocytes
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| what type of bone are the femur and humerus? | long bones
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| what type of bone are the carpals and tarsals? | short bones
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| what type of bones are the vertebrae? | irregular bones
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| what type of bones are the scapulae, sternum and pelvis? | flat bones
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| what is the central shaft in a long bone called? | diaphysis
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| what are the wider parts at the ends of a long bone called? | epiphysis
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| what is the layer of cartilage covering the epiphysis called? | articular cartilage
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| what is the name of the thin connective tissue membrane covering the bone? | periosteum
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| what is the dense hard exterior of the bone called? | cortical or compact bone
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| what is the spongy bone found inside of a bone? | cancellous or spongy bone
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| what do the spaces in cancellous bone contain? | red bone marrow
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| which part of the bone manufactures most of the red blood cells? | red bone marrow
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| what is the name of the canal in the center of the diaphysis? | medullary cavity
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| what kind of bone marrow can be found in the medullary cavity in adulthood? | yellow bone marrow
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| what does yellow bone marrow primarily consist of? | fat cells
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| where does the term diaphysis come from and what does it mean? | Greek, to grow between
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| a projection of the ulna called the olecranon is more commonly referred to as? | funny bone
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| what is a process? | a bony projection
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| what would a large smooth ball shaped end on a long bone called? | head
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| what is the part that separates the shaft of a bone from the head? | neck
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| what is the smooth rounded end of a bone called? | condyle
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| what is the projection on or above the condyle called? | epicondyle
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| What would you call the large rough process meant for the attachment of a muscle? | trochanter/tuberosity
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| what would you call the small rough process meant for the attachment of muscles and tendons? | tubercle
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| what5 would you call a hollow cavity within a bone? | sinus
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| what would you call a smooth round opening for nerves and blood vessles? | foramen
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| what would you call a shallow cavity or depression on the surface of a bone? | fossa
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| fissure | slit type opening
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| head neck spine chest and trunk of the body are part of which skeletal division? | axial skeleton
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| what is the name of the u shaped bone suspended in the neck between the mandible and the larynx? | hyoid bone
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| What is the frontal bone and how many are there? | the forehead, 1
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| what is the parietal bone and how many are there? | the upper sides of the cranium and roof of the skull, 2
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| what is the occipital bone and how many are there? | back and base of the skull, 1
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| what is thew temporal bone and how many are there? | sides and base of the cranium, 2
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| what is the sphenoid bone and how many are there? | bat-shaped bone that forms the base of the skull, floor, and sides of the eye orbit, 1
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| what is the ethmoid bone and how many are there? | forms part of the eye orbit, nose and floor of the cranium, 1
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| what is the lacrimal bone and how many are there? | the inner corner of each eye, 2
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| what is the nasal bone and how many are there? | form part of the septum and support the bridge of the nose, 2
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| what is the maxilla and how many are there? | upper jaw, 1
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| what is the mandible and how many are there? | lower jawbone, only moveable bone of the skull, 1
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| what is the zygomatic bone and how many are there? | cheekbones, 2
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| what is the vomer bone and how many are there? | base of the nasal septum, 1
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| what is the palatine bone and how many are there? | hard palate roof of the oral cavity and floor of the nasal cavity, 1
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| what three parts does the trunk of the body consist of? | vertebral column, sternum and ribcage
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| what is another name for the vertebral column? | spinal column
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| what are the five sections of the trunk? | cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum and coccyx
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| what is the name of the disk found in between vertebrae? | intervertebral disc
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| what is an intervertebral disc made of? | fibrocartilage
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| how many pairs of ribs in the rib cage are attached to the vertebral column? | 12
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| how many ribs in the rib cage are attached to the sternum? | 10
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| what are the lowest two pairs of ribs called? | floating ribs
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| what are the cervical vertebrae and how many are there? | vertebrae in the neck region, 7
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| what is the thoracic vertebrae and how many are there? | vertebrae in the chest region with ribs attached, 12
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| what are lumbar vertebrae and how many are there? | vertebrae in the small of the back about waist level, 5
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| what are the sacrum vertebrae and how many are there? | Five vertebrae that become fused into one triangular shaped flat bone at the base of the vertebral column, 1
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| what are the coccyx and how many are there? | three to five very small vertebrae attached to the sacrum that often become fused, 1
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| what 4 regions make up the appendicular skeleton? | pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle and lower extremities
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| what is the function of the axial skeleton? | to protect the organs
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| what is the function of the appendicular skeleton | responsible for movement
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| which bones make up the pectoral girdle? | clavicle and scapula
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| what are the bones of the upper extremities? | humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
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| what is the clavicle and how many are there? | collar bone, 2
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| what is the scapula and how many are there? | shoulder blade, 2
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| what is the humerus and how many are there? | upper arm bone,2
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| what is the radius and how many are there | forearm bone, thumb side of lower arm, 2
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| what is the ulna and how many are there? | forearm bone on the little finger side of the lower arm, 2
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| what are the carpals and how many are there? | bones of the wrist, 16
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| what are the metacarpals and how many are there? | 10
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| what are the phalanges and how many are there? | finger bones, three in each finger and two in each thumb, 28
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| what are three other names for the pelvic girdle? | os coxae/ innonimate bone/ hipbone
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| what parts are included in the pelvic girdle? | ilium, ischium, pubis
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| what are the bones found in the lower extremities? | femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges
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| what is the femur and how many are there? | upper leg bone, thigh bone, 2
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| what is the patella and how many are there? | kneecap, 2
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| what is the tibia and how many are there? | shin bone, thicker lower leg bone, 2
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| what is the fibula and how many are there? | thinner long bone in lateral side of the lower leg, 2
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| what are the tarsals and how many are there? | ancle and heel bones, 14
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| what are the metatarsals and how many are there? | forefoot bones, 10
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| how many phalanges are in the feet? | 28
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| what is an articulation? | a spot where two or more bones meet to form a joint
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| what are the three types of joints? | synovial joints, cartilaginous joints, fibrous joints
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| what type of movement does a synovial joint allow? | free moving
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| what lines a joint capsule? | synovial membrane
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| what encases a synovial joint? | joint capsule
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| what fluid is secreted by the synovial membrane and what is it's purpose? | synovial fluid lubricates joints
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| what is a bursa? | a saclike structure composed of connective tissue and lined with synovial membrane
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| what type of movement does a fibrous joint allow? | almost no movement
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| what type of movement do cartilaginous joints allow? | slight movement
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| cutane/o | skin
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| eryth/o | red
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| path/o | disease
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| -centesis | to puncture to withdraw fluid
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| -genic | producing
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| -iatry | medical treatment
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| -ectomy | surgical removal
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| -stenosis | narrowing
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| cast | applicant of a solid material to immobalize an extremity or portion of the body
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| fixation | includes casts splints ect, the process of stabalizing a fractured bone
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| reduction | correcting a fracture by realigning thew bone fragments
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| traction | applying a pulling force on a fractured or dislocated limb in order to restore normal allignment
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| AE | above elbow
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| AK | above knee
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| BDT | bone density testing
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| BE | below elbow
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| BK | below knee
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| BMD | bone mineral density
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| C1, C2 ect | cervical vertebrae
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| Ca | calcium
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| DJD | degenerative joint disease
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| DXA | dual-energy absorpitometry
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| FX, Fx | fracture
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| HNP | herniated nucleus pulposus
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| JRA | juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
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| L1, L2 ect | lumbar vertebrae
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| LE | lower extremity
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| LLE | left lower extremity
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| LUE | left upper extremity
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| NSAID | nonsteroidal anti-inflamitory drug
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| OA | ostheoarthritis
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| ORIF | open reduction-internal fixation
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| Orth, ortho | orthopedics
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| RA | rheumatoid arthritis
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| RLE | right lower extremity
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| RUE | right upper extremity
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| SLE | systemic lupus erythromatosus
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| T1, T2, ect | thoracic vertebrae
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| THA | total hip arthroplasty
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| THR | total hip replacement
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| TKA | total knee arthroplasty
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| TKR | total knee replacement
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| UE | upper extremity
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| What is the defenition of a muscle? | A bundle, sheet, or ring of tissue that produces movemen by contracting and pulling on the structure to which they are attached.
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| what are the primary structures of the muscular system? | muscles
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| duct/o | to bring
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| extens/o | to stretch out
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| fasci/o | fibrous band
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| fibr/o | fibers
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| flex/o | to bend
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| kinesi/o | movement
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| muscul/o | muscle
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| my/o | muscle
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| myocardi/o | heart muscle
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| myos/o | muscle
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| plant/o | sole of foot
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| rotat/o | to revolve
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| ten/o | tendon
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| tend/o | tendon
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| tendin/o | tendon
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| vers/o | to turn
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| -asthenia | weakness
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| -ion | action, condition
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| -kinesia | movement
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| -tonia | tone
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| ab- | away from
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| ad- | toweards
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| circum- | around
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| e- | outward, without
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| in- | inward, without
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| what are the three types of muscle? | cardiac, smooth, skeletal
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| muscles that are under your control are called____muscles eg. bicept | voluntary
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| muscles you are not able to control are called _____muscles eg. heart | involuntary
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| another name for a skeletal muscle | striated muscle
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| what would you call layers of fibrous connective tissue? | fascia
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| what would you call the tapered end of a fascia? | tendon
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| what stimulates muscles to contract or relax? | motor neurons
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| what would you call the point in which the nerve contacts a muscle fiber? | myoneural junction
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| what is another name for smooth muscle? | visceral muscle
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| what is the rectus abdominis? | abdominal muscle
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| what would you call the muscle located along the sternumand clavicle? | sternocleoidomastoid
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| in muscle attatchment the spot in which a muscle is connected to the less moveable bone is called the | origin
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| in muscle attachment the spot in which a muscle is connected to the more moveable bone is called the | insertion
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| what is the function of an antagonistic pair? | to produce opposite actions
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| what would you call the type of movement a muscle produces? | action
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| what would you call a movement away from the midline of the body? | abduction
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| what would you call a movement towards the midline of the body? | adduction
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| what would you call the act of bending or being bent? | flexion
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| what would you call the straightening out of a limb? | extension
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| what is the term for backwards bending as of the hand or foot? | dorsiflexion
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| what would you call the bending of the sole of the foot; pointing toes downward? | plantar flexion
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| what would you call outward turning? | eversion
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| what would you call inward turning? | inversion
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| what would you call downward facing as with the hand? | pronation
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| what would you call upward facing as with the hand? | supination
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| what would the medical term for an action such as shrugging the shoulders be? | elevation
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| what would a downward motion such as slouching the shoulders be called? | depression
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| what would movement in a circular direction from a central point be called? | circumduction
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| what would you call the ability to move the thumb away from the palm and to touch the fingers with the thumb | opposition
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| what would you call the motion of moving around a central axis? | rotation
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| adhesion | scar tissue forming on the fascia surrounding a muscle
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| atonia | poor muscle development (muscle wasting)
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| bradykinesia | having slow movement
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| contracture | abnormal shortening of muscle fibers
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| dyskinesia | having difficult or painful movement
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| dystonia | having abnormal muscle tone
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| hyperkinesia | having an excessive amount of movement
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| hypertonia | having excessive muscle tone
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| hypertrophy | having an increase in muscle bulk resulting from lifting weights
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| hypokinesia | insufficient movement
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| hypotonia | having insufficient muscle tone
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| intermittent claudication | attacks of severe pain and lameness caused by ischemia of the muscles
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| mylagia | muscle pain
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| myasthenia | muscle weakness
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| myotonia | muscle tone
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| spasm | sudde, involuntary, strong muscle contraction
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| tenodynia | tendon pain
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| fasciitis | inflamation of the fascia
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| fibromyalgia | condition with widespread aching and pain in the muscles and soft tissue
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| lateral epicondylitis | inflammation of the muscle attachment to the lateral epicondyl of the elbow.
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| muscular dystrophy | inherited disease causing a progressive muscle degeneration, weakness, and atrophy
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| myopathy | a general term for muscle disease
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| myorrhexis | tearing a muscle
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| polymyositis | the simultaneous inflammation of two or more muscles
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| pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy | muscular dystrophy in which the muscles look large because they are replaced by fatty tissue
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| torticollis | severe neck spasms pulling the head to one side
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| carpal tunnel syndrome | repetitive motion dissorder with pain caused by compression of the finger flexor tendons and median nerve as they pass through the carpal tunnel of the wrist
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| ganglion cyst | cyst that forms on the tendon sheath
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| repetetive motion dissorder | group of chronic dissorders brought on by repetetive motions
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| strain | dammage to the muscle tendons or ligaments due to overuse or overstretching
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| tendinitis | inflammation of a tendon
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| deep tendon reflexes (DTR) | muscle contraction in response to a stretch caused by the striking of a reflex hammer
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| electromyogram | the hardcopy record produced by electromyography
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| electromyography | study and record of the strength and quality of muscle contractions as a result of electrical stimulation
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| muscle biopsy | removal of muscle tissue for pathalogical examination
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| CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome
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| CPK | creatine posphokinase
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| DTR | deep tendon reflex
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| EMG | electromyogram
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| IM | intramuscular
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| MD | muscular dystrophy
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
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Created by:
Megsandbacon
Popular Medical sets