Nutrition Review Exam
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| cardiac diet | admitted with or have pre-existance heart disease *low fat/cholesterol diet may restrict sodium
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| diabetic diet | metabolic disorder, inability to synthesize or process food into forms the body can use for energy, growth, & development. *prescribed number of calories & proportions of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.
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| gluten-free diet | for people with celiac disease, an atrophy of the mucosa * complete elimination of gluten
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| high-calorie diet | excessive weight loss, cannot reach/maintain healthy weight * ordinary food plus food with high calorie count.
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| high-protein diet | need to gain weight or a tissue repair * high protein foods
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| no added salt/NA restricted | clients with problems with fluid retention or congestive heart failure * no salt added (NAS)
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| progressive diet | introduces food in stages as client can tolerate * following major surgery or gastrointestinal illness
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| pureed | clients cannot chew or who have dysphagia * ground to soft, silky texture
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| Why would a TPN feed be ordered? | *Severly malnourished and preparing for surgery *Receiving radiation/chemotherapy *Major surgery, severely burns, multiple fractures *Prolonged coma *Sever anorexia *Sever inflamed bowel *terminally ill
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| What does NPO mean? When would you post an NPO sign? | *Nothing by mouth for 8-12 hrs *fasting blood sugar or a blood test for cholesterol & triglycerides
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| Explain how the following factors affect nutritional needs A) activity | individuals in hospital are typically inactive & therefore need fewer calories *process of healing will increase body and calorie utilization
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| Explain how the following factors affect nutritional needs B) age | older people need less calories * children need more especially during growth periods
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| Explain how the following factors affect nutritional needs C) gender | men need more than women *hormones also play a role in increasing metabolic rated
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| Explain how the following factors affect nutritional needs D) Genetics | body structures predetermined by genetics and affects our basal metabolic rate
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| Explain how the following factors affect nutritional needs E) Illness | fever trama and surgery raise a person's metabolic rate
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| Explain how the following factors affect nutritional needs F) pregnancy | metabolism increases to meet energy demands
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| How many graiin products should an adult eat in a day? | 6-8
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| How many food groups are there? | 4
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| What is the "other" food group? | oils and fats
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