Vital Signs Terminology - Blood Pressure Terms
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| Arrhythmia | Abnormal heart rhythm
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| Arteriosclerosis | Hardening, thickening and loss of elasticity (narrowing) of the arterial wall
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| Atherosclerosis | Narrowing of the arterial lumen caused by deposits of fatty plaques along the internal wall of the artery
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| Blood Pressure | Force exerted by the blood against the vessel wall
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| Blood Volume | Total amount of circulating blood
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| Cardiac Output | Amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute
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| Diastolic Pressure | Lowest pressure against wall of the artery, during relaxation of the ventricle of the heart
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| Essential Hypertension | Elevated blood pressure (in hypertensive range) without known cause
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| Hypertension | Diastolic measurement over 90 mm
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| Hypotension | Blood pressure lower than the normal range- 80 mm systolic is necessary for renal perfusion
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| Korotkoff Sounds | Sounds or beats heard through the stethoscope while cuff is being deflated. First sound heard represents systolic, last sound heard represents diastolic
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| Intermittent Hypertension | Blood pressure elevates a small amount over the normal range, from time to time, without cause. Patient should be watched for development of hypertensive sysmtoms
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| Malignant Hypertension | Progressive hypertension which produces severe symptoms and has a poor prognosis if left untreated
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| Meniscus | Curved surface at the top of column of liquid in a tube
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| Palpatory Blood Pressure | Method of obtaining BP whereby brachial or radial artery is palpated while deflating the BP cuff
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| Peripheral Resistance | Opposing force of the vessel against the blood; pertaining to the health and elasticity of the vessel.
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| Sphygmomanometer | Instrument used for measurement of arterial blood pressure
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| Stethoscope | Instrument used for auscultation of Korotkoff sounds
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| Stroke Volume | Amount of blood ejected from heart per contraction
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| Systolic | Represents pressure exerted on arteries during heart contraction (when at its highest).
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| Viscosity | Thickness of blood; ease with which blood flows through the vessel.
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