Medical Terminology A Living Language
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| abdomin/o | abdomen
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| adip/o | fat
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| anter/o | front
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| brachi/o | arm
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| cardi/o | heart
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| caud/o | tail
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| cephal/o | head
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| cervic/o | neck
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| chondr/o | cartilage
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| crani/o | skull
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| crin/o | to secrete
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| crur/o | leg
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| cyt/o | cell
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| dermat/o | skin
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| dist/o | away from
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| dors/o | back of body
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| enter/o | small intestine
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| epitheli/o | epithelium
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| gastr/o | stomach
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| glute/o | buttock
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| gynec/o | female
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| hemat/o | blood
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| hist/o | tissue
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| immun/o | protection
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| infer/o | below
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| laryng/o | larynx
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| later/o | side
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| lumb/o | loin
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| lymph/o | lymph
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| medi/o | middle
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| muscul/o | muscles
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| nephr/o | kidney
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| neur/o | nerve
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| opthalm/o | eye
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| ot/o | ear
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| pelv/o | pelvis
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| peritone/o | peritoneum
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| pleur/o | pleura
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| poster/o | back
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| proct/o | rectum and anus
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| proxim/o | near to
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| pub/o | genital region
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| pulmon/o | lung
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| rhin/o | nose
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| spin/o | spine
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| super/o | above
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| thorac/o | chest
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| ur/o | urine
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| vascul/o | blood vessel
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| ventr/o | belly
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| vertebr/o | vertebra
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| viscer/o | internal organ
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| nucleus | contains a cells DNA
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| cytoplasm | watery internal environment of a cell
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| cell membrane | the outermost boundary of a cell
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| histology | the study of tissue
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| muscle tissue | produces movement in the body through contraction.
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| epithelial tissue | composed of close packed cells to form the covering of and lining for the body. may be specialized to absorb substances, secrete substances, or excrete waste.
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| connective tissue | the supporting and protecting tissue in body structures. provides protective padding around body structures.
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| nervous tissue | allows for the conduction of electrical impulses to send information between the brain and the rest of the body.
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| sagittal plane | divides the body into left and right prtions
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| frontal/coronal plane | divides the body into front and back
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| transverse/horizontal plane | separates the body into top and bottom
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| cross section/ longitudinal section | an internal view of structures
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| Integumentary System | -Two way barrier and temperature regulation
-skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands
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| musculoskeletal system | -supports and protects the body
-forms blood cells
-stores minerals
-produces movement
-bones, joints,muscles
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| cardiovascular system | -pumps blood to transport nutrients, oxygen and waste
-heart, arteries, veins
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| hematic system | -transports oxygen, protects, controls bleeding
-plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
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| lymphatic system | -protects body
-lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus gland, tonsils
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| respiratory system | -obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
-nasal cavity,pharynx, larynx,trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs
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| gastrointestinal system | -Ingest, digest and absorb nutrients
-oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, liver, gall bladder, pancreas
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| urinary system | -filters waste and removes from the body
-kidneys, uterus, urinary bladder, urethra
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| female reproductive system | -produces eggs and provides a place for the baby
-ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, breast
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| male reproductive system | -produces sperm
-testes, epididymis, vas deferens, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate glands, bulbourethral glands
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| endocrine system | -regulates metabolic activity
-pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries & testes
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| nervous system | -receives sensory information and coordinates responses
-brain, spinal cord, nerves
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| cross section | a slice perpendicular to the long axis of a structure (like cucumber circles)
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| longitudinal section | a lengthwise slice along the axis of a structure (like carrot sticks)
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| parietal layer | outer layer that lines cavities
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| visceral layer | inner layer that contacts viscera
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| pleura | a double layered membranous sack found in the thoracic cavity
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| peritoneum | a double layered membranous sack found in the abdominopelvic cavity
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| pleural cavity | surrounds the lungs
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| pericardial cavity | surrounds the heart
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| upper row regions | hypochondriac and epigastric
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| middle row regions | lumbar and umbilical
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| lower row regions | inguinal and hypogastric
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| apex | tip or summit of an organ
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| base | bottom or lower part of an organ
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| superficial | more towards the surface of the body
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| deep | further away from the surface of the body
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| supine | lying horizontally facing upwards
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| prone | lying horizontally facing downwards
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| abbreviation for anteroposterior | AP
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| abbreviation for cardiovascular | CV
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| abbreviation for ear, nose and throat | ENT
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| abbreviation for gastrointestinal | GI
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| abbreviation for gynecology | GYN
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| abbreviation for lateral | Lat
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| abbreviation for lower extremity | LE
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| abbreviation for lower left quadrant | LLQ
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| abbreviation for left upper quadrant | LUQ
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| abbreviation for musculosceletal | MS
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| abbreviation for obstetrics | OB
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| abbreviation for posteroanterior | PA
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| abbreviation for right lower quadrant | RLQ
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| abbreviation for right upper quadrant | RUQ
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| abbreviation for upper extremity | UE
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