Orange Module Pharmacy Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Define drug. | -chemical substance that affects the mind/body -used to diagnosis, treatment or prevention of disease -illegal substances
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| Differentiate between prescription repeats and prescription renewals. | Repeats-A continuation of long-term medications
Renewals-Extension of prescriptions that have run out
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| Describe sustained release. | Cause a delay in the active absorption of the medication.
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| What can drugs be classified by? | Function, effect and body system.
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| Name and describe the different effects of drugs. | Therapeutic action-the purpose for giving the drug, Side effects/adverse effects-every drug has potential side effects, Allergies-a serious reaction to a drug.
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| Name and describe the classifications of drugs by scope of action. | Local-when the drug affects the site of application only, Systemic-circulate in the bloodstream, Cumulative-accumulates faster than it can be metabolized.
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| Name and describe the classifications of drugs by use. | Therapeutic-to relieve symptoms, Diagnostic-to perform diagnostic test (enema), Curative drugs-to overcome a disease, infection or other conditions, Replacement drugs-to "replace" a hormone, Prophylactic-to prevent a condition or decrease the severity.
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| What are the four names that can be given to a single drug? | Chemical, generic, trade, botanical.
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| What are the two methods of dispensing drugs? | Prescription, over-the-counter.
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| What is enteric-coated? | Allows pills to bypass the stomach.
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| What is a pharmacist? | A health professional who is trained in preparing and dispensing drugs.
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| What is pharmacology? | The study/description of drugs, their composition, actions and effects, A biological science.
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| What is a pharmacy? | A licensed business involved in dispensing drugs.
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| When are drug errors more likely made? | When taken over the phone, transcription.
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| synergism | A combination of two drugs that causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug given alone.
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| inhalation | Administration of drugs in gaseous or vapour form through the nose or mouth.
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| antidote | Agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug.
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| stimulant | Agent that excites and promotes activity.
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| antihypertensive | Agent that lowers blood pressure.
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| hypnotic | Agent that produces sleep.
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| iatrogenic | An effect that is produced as an individual's sensitivity to a drug.
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| side effect | An effect that routinely results from the use of a drug.
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| parenteral | By injection or intravenous administration.
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| antibiotic | Chemical substance that inhibits or kills foreign organisms.
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| systemic | Circulating through the bloodstream to produce a general effect on the body.
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| brand name | Commercial name for a drug; trade name.
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| tolerance | Drug action in which larger and larger doses must be given to achieve the desired effect.
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| antihistamine | Drug that blocks the action of natural histamines in the body and relieves allergy symptoms.
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| antidepressant | Drug that is used to relieve symptoms of depression.
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| anticonvulsant | Drug that prevents convulsions.
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| emetic | Drug that promotes vomiting.
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| antidiarrheal | Drug used to prevent diarrhea.
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| antiarrhythmic | Drug which helps restore heart rhythm to a regular cycle.
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| antacid | Drug which neutralizes acid in the stomach.
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| anesthetic | Drug which reduces or eliminates sensation.
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| analgesic | Drug which relieves pain.
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| topical | Drugs applied on the skin or mucous membranes.
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| controlled drugs | Drugs defined by federal law to which special rules apply because they are liable to be abused.
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| oral | Drugs taken by mouth.
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| sublingual | Drugs taken under the tongue.
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| rectal | Drugs inserted via the anus into the rectum.
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| contraindications | Factors in a patient's condition that prevent the use of a drug treatment.
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| narcotic | Habit-forming drug that relieves pain.
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| toxicity | Harmful effects of a drug.
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| anaphylaxis | Hypersensitive reaction of the body to a drug or foreign organism.
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| syringe | Instrument for introducing fluids to or withdrawing fluids from the body.
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| sedative | Mildly hypnotic drug that relaxes, without necessarily producing sleep.
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| transport | Movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells.
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| fixed oils | Oils, extracted primarily from plants, that do not evaporate.
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| volatile oils | Oils, extracted primarily from plants, that evaporate.
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| aerosols | Particles of medication suspended in air.
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| ophthalmic | Relating to the eye.
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| vitamin | Substances found in foods which are essential for life.
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| receptor | Target substance with which a drug interacts in the body.
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| cumulative action | The concentration of a drug may increase with each dose, due to the half-life of previous doses.
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| absorption | The process by which a medication is taken into the body, broken down and transformed into a form that the body can use.
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| distribution | The process by which metabolites are transported to various parts of the body.
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| metabolism | The process of breaking down a drug or other substances into metabolites used by the body.
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| half-life | The time required by the body to metabolize half the amount of the drug ingested.
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| additive action | The total effect that two drugs have in combination is equal to the sum of the effects of each.
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| otic | Via the ear.
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| Furosemide twenty milligrams, take one table orally twice daily. | Furosemide 20 mg, 1 tab. p.o. b.i.d.
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| Isopto-tears ten millilitres one to two drops in both eyes as required. | Isopto-tears 10 mL i-ii gtts ou prn
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| Propanolol 40 mg qd, po, ac breakfast | Propanolol 40 milligrams every day, by mouth before breakfast
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| Ranitidine 150 ml t.i.d. a.c. | Ranitidine 150 millilitres three times a day before meals
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| Amoxicillin 500 milligrams take one capsule orally four times daily after meals | Amoxicillan 500mg 1 cap p.o. q.i.d. p.c.
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| Burrosol two drops in the right ear every night for three days then one drop every other day | Burrosol ii gtts a.d. qPM x 3 d, then i gtt q.o.d.
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| Lovastatin twenty milligrams daily taken by mouth | Lovastatin 20 mg qd po
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| Demerol fifty milligrams daily for one month | Demerol 50 mg q.d. 1/12
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| Peptobismol liquid one hundred twenty milligrams daily for one month | Peptobismol liq. 120 mg qd x 1/12
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| Losec 20 mg three times a day for one week | Losec twenty milligrams t.i.d. x 1/52
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| 1/12 | one month
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| 1/52 | one week
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| ac, a.c. | before meals
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| ASAP | as soon as possible
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| bid, b.i.d. | twice a day
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| cap | capsule
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| CPS | Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialities
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| gtt, gtt(s) | drop, drops
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| i, ii | one, two
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| mg | milligram
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| mL, ml | millilitre
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| npo, n.p.o. | nothing by mouth
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| ODB | Ontario Drug Benefit
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| OTC | over the counter
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| o.u. | both eyes
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| p.c., pc | after meals
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| p.o. | by mouth
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| prn | as needed
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| q.a.m. | every day before noon
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| Q.D., q.d. | every day
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| q.o.d. | every other day
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| q.p.m. | every day after noon (every night)
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| q_h | every 1, 2, 3,... hours
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| q.h. | every hour
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| qid, q.i.d. | four times a day
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| Rx | prescription
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| S.C., SC, SQ, Subc, subq, subcut | subcutaneous
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| SL, sl | sublingual
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| stat, STAT | immediately
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| ss | one half
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| t.i.d., tid | three times a day
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| tab | tablet
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| Tx | treatment
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| ung | ointment
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| x 3 days | times three days
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Created by:
Barbara Ross
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