Digestive Disorders
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| Definition of an Ulcer | circumscribed, crater like lesion in the mucosa membrane
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| How deep can an ulcer go? | It can go into the submucosa and into the muscularis and the serosa.
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| Where are Gastric Ulcers located? | Ulcers are within the stomach.
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| What ages does gastric ulcers typically affect? | ages from 55-70
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| Where are duodenal ulcers located? | Small intestine
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| What ages does duodenal ulcers typically affect? | any age and some noted in early adulthood
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| What are peptic ulcers? | Ulcers of the Upper GI tract
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| Do peptic ulcers affect men or women more? | Men
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| What is the location of peptic ulcers? | most commonly found in the proximal duodenum, antrum of the stomach (distal portion), less frequently in the lower esophagus
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| When erosion invades a blood vessel, what kind of bleeding could be involved? | Occult (hidden blood in stool), massive hemorrhage, blood loss varies depending on the size of the blood vessel involved.
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| Why is healing of a peptic ulcer difficult? | Lesion can not be isolated by irritants, granulation tissue, fibrous scar tissue.
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| How can the mucosal barrier be damaged? | Blood supply, stress induced vasoconstriction, smoking, shock, circulatory impairment in the elderly, severe anemia.
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| What is the Etiology of Peptic Ulcers? | helicobacter pylori
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| Causitive agent of peptic ulcers? | H. Pylori
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| Is H pylori gram negative or positive? | Negative
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| True of False H. Pylori is NOT a microaerophilic curved rod Bacteria. | FALSE grows best in 5% oxygen levels which is the same level as in the stomach
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| H. Pylori colonizes in the stomach how? | Bacteria twists into the mucosa, colonizes, produces urease, catalyzes urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide. This creates an alkaline halo that protects bacteria from gastic acids.
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| What is the transmission of H. Pylori? | Not known.... but can also occur oral - oral & fecal - oral, contaminated drinking water, food contamination
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| S&S of H. Pylori | epigastric burning or aching 2-3 hours after meal and @ night. spicy food can irritate, nausea & vomiting, heartburn.
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| Why is there weight gain with H. Pylori? | people with peptic ulcers find that milk, ice cream, and certain foods help coat the stomach lining thats irritated. There for creating weight gain.
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| What is the reasoning of weight loss and anorexia with H. Pylori? | Some people will not eat due to the pain of the peptic ulcer.
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| What kind of Diagnostic Tests are involved with H Pylori? | Upper GI, endoscopy, tissue biopsy, Blood test checking for antibodies, Urea breath test, and stool test.
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| Complications of H. Pylori. | Hemorrhage, Perforation , Bowel Obstruction, and Adhesions, cancer.
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| Treatment for H. Pylori? | 2 week course of triple therapy treatments of 2-different antibiotics and an acid suppressor.
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