White Module Review - Urinary and Male Reproduction
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| Describe clean midstream urine. | aka: clean catch urine, sterile container, used for C & S, special instructions, must refrigerate after 20 minute.
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| Describe early morning specimen. | more uniform volume and concentration, lower pH preserves formed elements, diagnose and monitor pregnancies
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| Describe the ureters. | merge from the renal pelvis, long slender tubes 10-12 inches, carries urine the kidneys to the bladder
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| Describe timed urine collection. | 24 hour collection of urine, quantitative test, provides info about cumulative elements
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| What are the functions of the nephron? | filteration
reabsorption
secretion
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| What are the macroscopic structure of the urinary system? | 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
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| What are the two types of ATN? | ischemic (acute tubular necrosis)
nephrotoxic (acute tubular necrosis)
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| What carries blood to the glomerulus? What carries blood away from the glomerulus? | afferent arteriole (to)
efferent arteriole (away)
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| What does the renal tubule consist of? | proximal convoluted tubule, Loop of Henle, distal tubule, collecting tubule
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| What forms the ejaculatory duct? | seminal vesicle and vas deferens
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| What is BPH? | (benign prostatic hyperplasia) enlargement of the prostate gland
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| What is ESWL? | (extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy) calculi are pulverized using shock-waves from a machine outside the body
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| What is the function of the prostate gland? | it secretes a thin, alkaline substance that protects the sperm of acidity in the urethra and vagina
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| Where are the kidneys located? | abdominopelvic cavity, retroperitoneal
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| Where is sperm produced? | seminiferous tubules
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| epididymis | A single, tightly coiled tube above each testis that stores sperm.
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| nephrotomography | A study in which several planes of the kidney are visualized.
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| bladder | An expandable hollow organ; temporary reservoir for urine.
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| hematuria | Blood in the urine.
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| prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Blood test used to detect prostatic disorders.
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| renal artery | Carries waste laden blood to the tubules.
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| calculi | Commonly called stones; composed of mineral salts.
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| blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | Determines the amount of nitrogen in blood that comes from urea.
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| culture and sensitivity (C&S) | Determines the causative organism of an infection and identifies how the organism responds to various antibiotics.
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| urinary system | Eliminates harmful products in the blood and filters them through urination.
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| gynecomastia | Enlargement of breast tissue in the male.
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| cryptorchidism | Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal sac prior to birth.
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| nephrons | Filtering units located in the kidney tissue.
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| kidneys | Fist-sized organs in the abdominal cavity.
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| nephropexy | Fixation of a floating or mobile kidney.
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| impotence | Inability of a male to obtain or maintain an erection.
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| incontinence | Inability to control urine elimination or bowel function.
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| balanitis | Inflammation of the skin covering the glans penis.
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| polycystic kidney disease (PKD) | Inherited disease in which sacs of fluid called cysts develop in the kidneys.
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| foreskin | Loose skin covering the end of the penis.
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| dialysis hemodialysis | Mechanical removal of waste substances from the blood.
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| electrolytes | Mineral salt (sodium, potassium or calcium) that carries an electrical charge.
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| prostatocystalgia | Pain in the prostate and bladder.
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| dysuria | Painful urination.
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| residual | Pertaining to that which is left as a residue.
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| renal | Pertaining to the kidney.
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| nephrolithiasis | Presence of a kidney stone.
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| nitrogenous waste | Product of protein metabolism.
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| diuretics | Promote and increase the excretion of urine.
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| pyuria | Pus in the urine.
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| pyelolithotomy | Removal of a stone from the renal pelvis by an incision.
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| curcumcision | Removal of the foreskin.
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| vasectomy | Removal of the vas deferens.
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| kidney transplant | Replacement of a diseased kidney.
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| urgency | Sensation of the need to void immediately.
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| peritoneum | Serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity.
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| phimosis | Stenosis of the foreskin so that it cannot be retracted over the glans penis.
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| renal vein | Structure which carries blood away from the kidney.
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| varicocele | Swelling and distention of veins of the spermatic cord.
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| hydrocele | Swelling of the sac surrounding the testes.
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| ejaculation | The expulsion of seminal fluid.
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| sperm | The male gamete.
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| hypospadias | The opening of the urethra is on the undersurface of the penis.
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| calyx | The cuplike division of the kidney pelvis.
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| excretion | The process of expelling material from the body.
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| catheterization | To insert a catheter into a cavity to remove body fluid.
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| uremia | Toxic condition of nitrogenous wastes in the blood.
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| urochrome | Urine colour.
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| urinalysis (UA) | Urine screening test that includes physical observation, chemical tests and microscopic evaluation.
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| micturition | Voiding.
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| acute glomerulonephritis | AGN
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| artificial insemination | AI
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| acute renal failure | ARF
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| acute tubular necrosis | ATN
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| bladder neck obstruction | BNO
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| blood urea nitrogen | BUN
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| culture and sensitivity | C&S
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| catheterization | Cath
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| digital rectal exam | DRE
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| erectile dysfunction | ED
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| end-stage renal disease | ESRD
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| hemodialysis | HD
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| interstitial cystitis | IC
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| intravenous pyelogram | IVP
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| polycystic kidney disease | PKD
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| prostate specific antigen | PSA
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| specific gravity | sp. gr.
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| transurethral resection of the prostate | TURP
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| urinalysis | UA
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| urinary tract infection | UTI
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Created by:
Barbara Ross
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