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White Module
White Module Review - Urinary and Male Reproduction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe clean midstream urine. | aka: clean catch urine, sterile container, used for C & S, special instructions, must refrigerate after 20 minute. |
| Describe early morning specimen. | more uniform volume and concentration, lower pH preserves formed elements, diagnose and monitor pregnancies |
| Describe the ureters. | merge from the renal pelvis, long slender tubes 10-12 inches, carries urine the kidneys to the bladder |
| Describe timed urine collection. | 24 hour collection of urine, quantitative test, provides info about cumulative elements |
| What are the functions of the nephron? | filteration reabsorption secretion |
| What are the macroscopic structure of the urinary system? | 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, urinary bladder, urethra |
| What are the two types of ATN? | ischemic (acute tubular necrosis) nephrotoxic (acute tubular necrosis) |
| What carries blood to the glomerulus? What carries blood away from the glomerulus? | afferent arteriole (to) efferent arteriole (away) |
| What does the renal tubule consist of? | proximal convoluted tubule, Loop of Henle, distal tubule, collecting tubule |
| What forms the ejaculatory duct? | seminal vesicle and vas deferens |
| What is BPH? | (benign prostatic hyperplasia) enlargement of the prostate gland |
| What is ESWL? | (extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy) calculi are pulverized using shock-waves from a machine outside the body |
| What is the function of the prostate gland? | it secretes a thin, alkaline substance that protects the sperm of acidity in the urethra and vagina |
| Where are the kidneys located? | abdominopelvic cavity, retroperitoneal |
| Where is sperm produced? | seminiferous tubules |
| epididymis | A single, tightly coiled tube above each testis that stores sperm. |
| nephrotomography | A study in which several planes of the kidney are visualized. |
| bladder | An expandable hollow organ; temporary reservoir for urine. |
| hematuria | Blood in the urine. |
| prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Blood test used to detect prostatic disorders. |
| renal artery | Carries waste laden blood to the tubules. |
| calculi | Commonly called stones; composed of mineral salts. |
| blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | Determines the amount of nitrogen in blood that comes from urea. |
| culture and sensitivity (C&S) | Determines the causative organism of an infection and identifies how the organism responds to various antibiotics. |
| urinary system | Eliminates harmful products in the blood and filters them through urination. |
| gynecomastia | Enlargement of breast tissue in the male. |
| cryptorchidism | Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal sac prior to birth. |
| nephrons | Filtering units located in the kidney tissue. |
| kidneys | Fist-sized organs in the abdominal cavity. |
| nephropexy | Fixation of a floating or mobile kidney. |
| impotence | Inability of a male to obtain or maintain an erection. |
| incontinence | Inability to control urine elimination or bowel function. |
| balanitis | Inflammation of the skin covering the glans penis. |
| polycystic kidney disease (PKD) | Inherited disease in which sacs of fluid called cysts develop in the kidneys. |
| foreskin | Loose skin covering the end of the penis. |
| dialysis hemodialysis | Mechanical removal of waste substances from the blood. |
| electrolytes | Mineral salt (sodium, potassium or calcium) that carries an electrical charge. |
| prostatocystalgia | Pain in the prostate and bladder. |
| dysuria | Painful urination. |
| residual | Pertaining to that which is left as a residue. |
| renal | Pertaining to the kidney. |
| nephrolithiasis | Presence of a kidney stone. |
| nitrogenous waste | Product of protein metabolism. |
| diuretics | Promote and increase the excretion of urine. |
| pyuria | Pus in the urine. |
| pyelolithotomy | Removal of a stone from the renal pelvis by an incision. |
| curcumcision | Removal of the foreskin. |
| vasectomy | Removal of the vas deferens. |
| kidney transplant | Replacement of a diseased kidney. |
| urgency | Sensation of the need to void immediately. |
| peritoneum | Serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity. |
| phimosis | Stenosis of the foreskin so that it cannot be retracted over the glans penis. |
| renal vein | Structure which carries blood away from the kidney. |
| varicocele | Swelling and distention of veins of the spermatic cord. |
| hydrocele | Swelling of the sac surrounding the testes. |
| ejaculation | The expulsion of seminal fluid. |
| sperm | The male gamete. |
| hypospadias | The opening of the urethra is on the undersurface of the penis. |
| calyx | The cuplike division of the kidney pelvis. |
| excretion | The process of expelling material from the body. |
| catheterization | To insert a catheter into a cavity to remove body fluid. |
| uremia | Toxic condition of nitrogenous wastes in the blood. |
| urochrome | Urine colour. |
| urinalysis (UA) | Urine screening test that includes physical observation, chemical tests and microscopic evaluation. |
| micturition | Voiding. |
| acute glomerulonephritis | AGN |
| artificial insemination | AI |
| acute renal failure | ARF |
| acute tubular necrosis | ATN |
| bladder neck obstruction | BNO |
| blood urea nitrogen | BUN |
| culture and sensitivity | C&S |
| catheterization | Cath |
| digital rectal exam | DRE |
| erectile dysfunction | ED |
| end-stage renal disease | ESRD |
| hemodialysis | HD |
| interstitial cystitis | IC |
| intravenous pyelogram | IVP |
| polycystic kidney disease | PKD |
| prostate specific antigen | PSA |
| specific gravity | sp. gr. |
| transurethral resection of the prostate | TURP |
| urinalysis | UA |
| urinary tract infection | UTI |
Created by:
Barbara Ross
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