Glossary Appendix C
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| Absoption | The amount of medication that enters the bloodstream, or systemic circulation
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| Accreditation | The process of granting recognition or vouhcing for compliance with established criteria
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| Adjudication | Prescription claims adjudication refers to the determination of the insurer's payment after the member's insurance benefits are applieed to a medical claim
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| Ambulatory Pharmacy | A oharmacy generally located within, or in close proximity to a clinic, hospital, or medical center that provides medication services to ambulatory patients
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| Aseptic technique | The technique and procedures designed to prevent contamination of drugs, packaging, equipment, or supplies by micro-organisms during preparation
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| Automated dispensing technology | Electronic storage cabinets or robotics that secure medications and dispense them to nurses or other caregivers when needed
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| Automated medication dispensing device | A drug storage device or cabinet that contains an inventory of medications that are electronically dispensed so they may be administered to patients in a controlled manner
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| Average wholesale price (AWP) | A commonly used benchmark for billing drugs that are reimbursed in the community pharmacy setting, The AWP for a drug is set by the manufacturer of the drug
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| Beyond-use labeling | A date that is given to a medcation noting when it should no longer be used (expiration date)
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| Bioavailability | The ercentage of an administered dose of a medication that reaches the blood-stream
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| Brand-name drug | A drug that is coverev by a patent and is therefore only available from a single manufacturer
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| Buccal | A solid edication dosage form that is placed in the pocket between the cheek and gum and absorbed through the cheek into the bloodstream
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| Centralized dispensing automation | Technology that assists in the selectons and dispensing of drug products that aare located in a central location, such as the pharmacy, and that can include robotics and carousels that use bar code scanning to select and label drug products for patients
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| Certification | A voluntary process by which a nongovernmental agency or association grants recognition to an individual who has met cetain predetermined qualifications sepcified by that agency or associtaion.
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| Chain of pharmacy | A pharmacy that is part of a large number of corporately owned pharmacies that use the same name and carry similarly branded OTC products
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| Community pharmacy | Generally a stand-alone pharmacy locate within a community that provides medication services to ambulatory patients
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| Compounding | Usualy takes place in pharmacy and includes the preparation, mixing, packaging, and labeling of a small quantity of a drug based on a practitioner's prescription or medication order for a specific patient
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| Conrolled substances | Drugs or chemicl substaces whose possession and use are regulation under the Federal Controlled substance laws and regulations. Controlled substances are subject to stricter controls than other prescription and non-prescription drugs.
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| Copayment (copay) | The portion of the cost of a prescription that the patient is responsible for paying when a part of the cost is covered by a third-party payer
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| Hazardous material | Any material that poses a risk to people, animals, property, or the environment.
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| Health Insurance Portablilty and Accountabilty Act (HIPAA) | Federal legislation enacted to establish guidelins for the protection of patients' private health infromation
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| Hospita formulary | An approved list of medications that are routinely stocked in the hospital pharmacy to treat the types of patients the hospital typically serves
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| Inhalant | A fine powder or solution of a drug delivered as a mist through the muth into the respiratory tract
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| Intradiac | Injected directly into the heart muscle
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| Intradermal | Injected into the top layers of the skin
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| Intramusculare | Injected directly into a large muscle mass, such as the upper arm, thigh, or buttock, and absorbed from the muscle tissue into the bloodstream
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| Intrchecal | Injected into the space around the spinal cord
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| Intravenous | Injected directly into a vein and therefore immediately avaible to act in the body
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| Legend drug | A drug that is required by the federal law to be dispensed by prescripton only. It is the older term for drugs that are now identified as " Rx Only"
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| Licensure | The process by which an agency of the government grants permission to an individual to engage in a given occupation upon finding that the applicant has attained a degree of ompetency necessary to ensure that public health, safety,and welfare is protected
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| Lozenge | A hard, disk-shape solid medication dosage form that contains medication in a sugar base, which is released as the lozenge is held in the mouth and sucked
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| Mail-order Pharmacy | A pharmacy the functions like a ware house, with pharmacists and technicains who dispense prescriptions that are mailed to the patients residence.
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| Material safety data sheets | Informtion sheets providded by a manufacturer for chemicals or drugs that may be hazardous in the workplace
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| Medication administration record (MAR) | A component of the paper patient medical record in which nurses and other healthcare providers document times and dates when a medication was administered to the patient
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| Medication error | Any error ocurring in the medication use process
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| Medication order | A written, electonic, telephone, or verbal request for a patient medication in an inpatient settings.
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| Medication therapy management (MTM) | A service or qroup of services that optimize therapeutic outcomes for a patient.
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| National Drug Code (NDC) Number | A unique number assigned to each dru, strength, and package size for the purpose of identification.
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| Ointment | A semisolid medication dosage form, applied to the skin or mucous membranes, which lubricates and softens or is used as a base for drug delivery
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| Over-the-Counter (OTC) drugs | Drugs that are avaible without a presription
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| Parenteral | A route of medication administration that bypassess the gastrointestinal tract, such as intravenous, intramuscular, or subcuntaneous administration.
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| Parent counseling | The act of education a patient, by a pharmacist, regarding the proper use of a prescribed drug, at the time of dispensing
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| Patient Profile | A list of information about a patient, includin name, identification number, DOB, sex, height, weight, lab values, admitting and secodnary diagnoses, room and bed number, names of admitting and consulting physicains, allergies, medical history,and etc.
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| Pharmacist | A health care professional licensed by the state to engage inthe patactice of pharmacy
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| Pharmacy satellite | A physical space located in or near a patient care area that can provide a variety of distributive and clinic services.
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| Practice of Pharmacy | The practice of pharmacy is regulated by each state throught the pharmaacy laws and regulations
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| Prescription | The written or verbal authorization, by an authorized prescribe, for the use of a particular pharmceutical agent for an individual patient.
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| Primary prescription label | A label, affixed toa dispensed drug product, that containf leglly reuqired information, including pharmacy name and address, patient name, prescriber name, drug name, directions for use, and etc.
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| Professional | A person who practices an occupation or vocation that requires advanced specialized trainging.
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| Professionalism | actively demonstrating the attitudes, qualities and behaviores of a professional while performing the duties of one's profession
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| Purchase order | a document executed by a purchaser and forwarded to a supplier that is considered a legal offer to buy products or services.
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| Registration | The rocess f making a list or being enrolled in an existing list.
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| STAT | Abbreviation of the Latin word statim, meaning immediately; commonly used on medcation orders to indicate the need for the drug right away
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| Stock rotaton | placing the products that will expire the soonest int he front of the shelf or bin and those with late experiation dates behind them
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| Subcutaneous | Depending in the tissue just under the skin
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| Sublingual | Placed under the tongue, where it dissolvess and it absorbed into the bloodstream.
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| Suspension | A mixture of fine particles of an undissolved solid spread throughut a liquid or, less commonly, a gas
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| Technicain | An individual skilled in the practical or mechanical aspects of a profession. They help assits the pharmaicists by performing routine, day-to-day functions that don't have to be checked by the pharmacist.
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| Topical | Applied to the skin, mucous membranes, or ther external parts of the body, such as fingernails, toenails, and hair
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| Transdermal | Through the skin; percutneous
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| Unit dose distrubtion system | A system that provides all or most medications to patints in an unit dose ready-to-administer form
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| Unit-does package | A non-reusable container designed to hold a quantity of drug to be administered as a single dose.
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| Wholesaler | A large-scale warehouse with drugs and supplieas located in various geograhic egoins that exist to help bring pharmaceutical products closer to the market.
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