HS~1 Infection Contr
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| microrganism | small, living organism that cannot be seen with the naked eye
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| microbe | AKA microorganism
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| pathogen | microbe that causes disease
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| nonpathogen | microbe that is considered beneficial and usually does not cause disease
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| bacteria | simple one-celled organisms that multiply rapidly
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| cocci | round, spherical shaped bacteria
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| bacilli | rod-shaped bacteria
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| streptococci | spherical shaped bacteria that appear in chains
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| staphylococci | spherical-shaped bacteria that appear in clusters;AKA pus producers
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| antibiotics | drugs that are used to treat bacterial illnesses
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| protozoa | one-celled animal like microbes that live in contaminated water and decayed material
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| fungi | plant-like organisms that live on dead organic matter; AKA yeasts & molds
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| rickettsiae | parasitic organisms transmitted by fleas, ticks, lice, mites
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| viruses | smallest microbes; spread through blood and body fluids; hard to kill; resistant to antibiotics
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| Hepatitis B | serious liver infection; caused by virus; leads to liver destruction; vaccine is availble
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| Hepatitis C | serious liver infection; transmitted by blood and body fluids; no vaccine; increases chances of liver cancer
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| AIDS | acquired immune deficiency syndrome; bloodborn; caused by a virus; no cure; patient can't fight off infections and cancers
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| aerobic | organism can't live without oxygen
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| anaerobic | organism lives and reproduces in the absence of oxygen
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| nosocomial infection | infection that is acquired in a health care facility; transmitted by the health care worker;
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| opportunistic infection | occurs when the body's immune system is weakened
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| endogenous disease | disease that originates within the body; Ex: diabetes, cancer
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| exogenous disease | disease originates outside the body Ex: infections, trauma,
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| antisepsis | prevent or inhibit the growth of pathogenic organisms; may not affect spores & viruses
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| disinfection | destroys or kills organisms; not always effective against all spores/viruses
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| sterilization | kills all pathogens, spores, & viruses; uses heat and steam under pressure
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| autoclave | instrument used to sterilize instruments and equipment; uses steam under pressure to kill all organisms, spores, viruses
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| hand washing | most important method used to prevent the spread of infection
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| chain of infection | conditions required for the spread of infection
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| causative agent | a pathogen that can cause disease
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| reservoir | area where a causative agent can live; ideal environment for the pathogen
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| fomite | any object that is contaminated with pathogens; Ex: cell phones, door knobs, desk tops, pencils
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| portal of exit | The way an organism escapes from the reservoir; Ex: blood, body fluids
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| mode of transmission | The way a causative agent can be transmitted to another reservoir or host; Ex: sneezes, hands, sexual contact, insects
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| portal of entry | THe way a causative agent enters a new reservoir or host; Ex: break in the skin, respiratory tract
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| susceptible host | a person likely to get an infection or disease usually because defenses are weakened
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| contaminated | organisms are present
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| asepsis | absence of disease causing pathogens
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| sterie | free from all organisms, spores and viruses; free of all pathogens and nonpathogens
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