Nervous System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| central nervous system (CNS) | brain & spinal cord
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| peripheral nervous system | cranial nerves & spinal nerves & branches from these nerves
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| nerve cell body | axon & dendrite
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| axon | takes signals away from cell body
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| dendrite | takes signals toward cell body
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| neurotransmitter | chemical that transmits signal from a nerve to another nerve or a muscle
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| myelin | protect sheath around axon; increases speed of signal movement
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| neuroglia | cell that supports neurons but doesn't send signal
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| Brain - four main divisions | cerebral hemispheres & diencephalon & brainstem & cerebellum
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| cerebral hemispheres | consciousness, judgments, voluntary actions
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| cerebral cortex | gray matter (nerve cell bodies)
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| white matter | axons
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| diencephalon | thalamus (relay center) & hypothalamus (control center)
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| brainstem | controls vital functions like heart rate & respiratory rate
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| cerebellum | helps co-ordinate voluntary movements; helps with balance & equilibrium
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| brain dead | none of the four parts are functioning; will die if not on respirator
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| persistent vegetative state | brainstem still functioning so vital signs (breathing on own; heart beating) okay
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| spinal cord | ascending tracts & descending tracts
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| ascending tracts | sensory
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| descending tracts | motor
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| dura mater | "tough mother" most superficial layer
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| arachnoid | "spider-like" middle layer
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| pia mater | "soft mother" deepest layer
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| sensory neurons | send signals toward central nervous system
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| motor neurons | send signals toward periphery
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| somatic nervous system | signal to skeletal muscles (voluntary)
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| autonomic nervous system | signal to smooth muscle & cardiac muscle (involuntary) has two divisions
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| sympathetic | fight or flight
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| parasympathetic | predominate when at rest
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| meningitis | inflammation of the meninges
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| meningocele | herniation of meninges through defect in vertebral column
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| myelomeningocele | herniation of spinal cord & meninges through defect in vertebral column
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| poliomyelitis | inflammation of the gray matter of spinal cord
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| polyneuritis | inflammation of many nerves
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| neurology | study of the nervous system
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| cerebrovascular accident (CVA) | stroke; caused by thrombosis or hemorrhage
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| transient ischemia attack (TIA) | transient interference with blood supply to brain without permanent loss of function
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Created by:
fieldsl3
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