Urinary System
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| bladder | organ where urine collects before being excreted from body
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| bowmans capsule | capsule surrounding glomerulus and serving as collection site for urine
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| calices | cup shaped structures in renal pelvis for collection of urine
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| cortex | outer portion of kidney
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| creatine | substance found in urine; elevated levels may indicate muscular dystrophy
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| creatinine | component of creatine
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| filtration | process of separating solids from liquid by passing it thru porous substance
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| glomerulus | group of capillaries in nephron
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| hilum | portion of kidney where blood vessels nerves enter and exit
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| kidney | organ forms urine and reabsorbes essential substances back into bloodstream
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| meatus | external opening of canal
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| medulla | soft central portion of kidney
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| nephron | functional unit of kidney
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| prostate | gland surrounding urethra in male; active in ejaculation of semen
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| reabsorption | process of returning essential elements to blood stream after filtration
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| renal pelvis | collecting area for urine in center of kidney
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| renin | enzyme produced in kidneys to regulate filtration rate of blood by increasing bp
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| retroperitoneal | posterior to peritoneum
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| trigone | triangular area at base of bladder thru which ureters enter and urethra exits bladder
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| urea | wast product of nitrogen metabolism excreted in normal adult urine
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| ureter | one of two tubes that conduct urine from kidney to bladder
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| urethra | tube thru which urine is transported from bladder to exterior of body
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| uric acid | nitrogenous waste excreted in urine
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| urinary system | body system forms and excretes urine and helps in reabsorption of essential substances
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| urine | fluid excred by urnary system
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| calio | calix
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| cysto | bladder
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| glomerulo | glomerulus
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| meato | meatus
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| nephro | kidney
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| pyelo | renal pelvis
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| reno | kidney
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| trigono | trigone
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| uro | urine
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| uretero | ureter
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| urethro | urethra
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| vesico | bladder
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| uria | of urine
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| adh | antidiuretic hormone
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| a/g | albumin/globulin
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| agn | acute glomerulonephritis
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| arf | acute renal failure
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| bno | bladdr neck obstruction
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| bun | blood urea nitrogen
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| capd | continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
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| cath | catheter
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| crf | chronic renal failure
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| esrd | end stage renal disease
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| eswl | extracorporeal shock wave litotripsy
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| hd | hemodialysis
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| ivp | intravenous pyelogram
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| k+ | potassium
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| kub | kidney ureter bladder
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| na | sodium
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| ph | power of hydrogen concentration
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| pku | phenylketonuria
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| rp | tetrograde pyelogram
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| sg | specific gravity
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| ua | urinalysis
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| uti | urnary tract infection
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| vcu vcug | voiding cystourethrogram
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| acetone | type of ketone noramlly found in urine in small quantities; found in larger quantities in diabetic urine
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| albumin | simple protein; when leaked into urine
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| bilirubin | substance produced in liver; elevated levels may indicate liver disease or hepatitis
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| casts | materials formed in urine when protein accumulates
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| condom catheter | disposable cathere for urinary sample collection
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| cystoscope | tubular instrument for examining interior of bladder
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| dialysis | method of filttration used when kidneys fail
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| extracorporeal shock wave litotripsy | breaking of kidney stones by using shock waves from outside body
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| foley catheter | indweeling cathete held in place by balloon that inflates inside bladder
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| hemodialysis | dialysis performed by passing blood thru filter outside body and returning filtered blood to body
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| indwelling | type of catheter inseted into body
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| ketone | substance that results fomr breakdown of fat
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| kub | xray of 3 part of urinary system
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| peritoneal dialysis | tye of dialyrsis which liquid extracts substances from blood is inserted into peritoneal vacity and later emptied outside body
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| ph | measurement of acidity of urine
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| phenulketones | substance accumulate in urine in infants
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| renogram | radioactive imaging of kidney funtion after introduction of substance that is filtered thru kidney while observed
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| retrograde pyelogram | xray of bladder and ureters after contrast medium is injected into bladder
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| specific gravity | measurement of concentration of wastes minral and solids in urine
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| urinalysis | examination of properties of urine
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| voiding cystourethrogram | xray image made after introduction of contrast medium and while urination is taking place
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| albyminuria | presence of albumin in urine
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| anuria | lack of urine formation
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| atresia | abnormal narrowing of urteres
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| bladder cancer | malignancy of bladder
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| brights disease | inflammation of glomeruli that can result in kidney failure
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| cystitis | inflammation of bladder
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| cystocele | hernia of bladder
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| cystolith | bladder stone
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| dysuria | painful urination
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| edma | retention of water in cells
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| end stage renal disease | last stages of kidney failure
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| enuresis | urinary incontinenece
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| glomerulonephritis | inflammation of glomeruli of kidneys
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| hematuria | blood in urine
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| hydronephrosis | abnormal collection of urine in kidneys due to blockage
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| incontinence | inability to prevent excretion of urine
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| ketonuria | increased urinary excretion of ketones
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| kidney failury | loss of kidney function
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| nephritis | inflammation of kidneys
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| nephrosis | disorder caused by loss of protein in urine
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| nephroma | renal tumor
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| nephroblastome | wilms tumor; malignant kidney tumor found primarily in youg children
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| nocturia | frequent night time urination
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| oliguria | scanty urine production
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| polysystic kidney disease | condition with many cysts on and within kidneys
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| polyuria | excesive urination
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| pyelitis | inflammation of renal pelvis
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| pyuria | pus in urine
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| uremia | excess of urea and nitrogenous wastes in blood
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| urinary tract infection | infectino of urinary tract
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| cystectomy | surgical removal of bladder
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| cystopexy | fixing of bladder to ab wall
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| cystoplasty | repair of bladder
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| cystorrhaphy | suturing of damage bladder
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| intracorporeal electrohydraulic lithotripsy | use of endoscope to break up stones
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| lihotomy | removal of bladder stones
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| meatotomy | enlargement of meatus
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| nephrectomy | removal of kidney
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| nephrolithotomy | removal of kidney stone
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| nephrolysis | removal of kidney adhesions
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| nephropexy | fixing of kidney to ab wall
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| nephrostomy | establishment of opening from renal pelvis to outside of body
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| pyeloplasty | repair of renal pelvis
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| pyelotomy | incision into renal pelvis
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| resectoscope | endoscope for removal of lesions
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| ureterectomy | removal of ureter
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| ureteoplasty | rapair of ureter
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| ureterorrhaphy | suturing of uretra
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| urology | medical specialty that diagnoses and treats urinary system and male reproductive system
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| urostomy | steablishment of opening in ab to exterio of body for release of urine
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| urethrostomy | establisment of opeing between urethra and exterior of body
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| antispasmodic | pharmacological agent that relieves spasm also decrease urination frequency
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| antibiotic | treat infection
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