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Chapter 9
Urinary System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| bladder | organ where urine collects before being excreted from body |
| bowmans capsule | capsule surrounding glomerulus and serving as collection site for urine |
| calices | cup shaped structures in renal pelvis for collection of urine |
| cortex | outer portion of kidney |
| creatine | substance found in urine; elevated levels may indicate muscular dystrophy |
| creatinine | component of creatine |
| filtration | process of separating solids from liquid by passing it thru porous substance |
| glomerulus | group of capillaries in nephron |
| hilum | portion of kidney where blood vessels nerves enter and exit |
| kidney | organ forms urine and reabsorbes essential substances back into bloodstream |
| meatus | external opening of canal |
| medulla | soft central portion of kidney |
| nephron | functional unit of kidney |
| prostate | gland surrounding urethra in male; active in ejaculation of semen |
| reabsorption | process of returning essential elements to blood stream after filtration |
| renal pelvis | collecting area for urine in center of kidney |
| renin | enzyme produced in kidneys to regulate filtration rate of blood by increasing bp |
| retroperitoneal | posterior to peritoneum |
| trigone | triangular area at base of bladder thru which ureters enter and urethra exits bladder |
| urea | wast product of nitrogen metabolism excreted in normal adult urine |
| ureter | one of two tubes that conduct urine from kidney to bladder |
| urethra | tube thru which urine is transported from bladder to exterior of body |
| uric acid | nitrogenous waste excreted in urine |
| urinary system | body system forms and excretes urine and helps in reabsorption of essential substances |
| urine | fluid excred by urnary system |
| calio | calix |
| cysto | bladder |
| glomerulo | glomerulus |
| meato | meatus |
| nephro | kidney |
| pyelo | renal pelvis |
| reno | kidney |
| trigono | trigone |
| uro | urine |
| uretero | ureter |
| urethro | urethra |
| vesico | bladder |
| uria | of urine |
| adh | antidiuretic hormone |
| a/g | albumin/globulin |
| agn | acute glomerulonephritis |
| arf | acute renal failure |
| bno | bladdr neck obstruction |
| bun | blood urea nitrogen |
| capd | continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
| cath | catheter |
| crf | chronic renal failure |
| esrd | end stage renal disease |
| eswl | extracorporeal shock wave litotripsy |
| hd | hemodialysis |
| ivp | intravenous pyelogram |
| k+ | potassium |
| kub | kidney ureter bladder |
| na | sodium |
| ph | power of hydrogen concentration |
| pku | phenylketonuria |
| rp | tetrograde pyelogram |
| sg | specific gravity |
| ua | urinalysis |
| uti | urnary tract infection |
| vcu vcug | voiding cystourethrogram |
| acetone | type of ketone noramlly found in urine in small quantities; found in larger quantities in diabetic urine |
| albumin | simple protein; when leaked into urine |
| bilirubin | substance produced in liver; elevated levels may indicate liver disease or hepatitis |
| casts | materials formed in urine when protein accumulates |
| condom catheter | disposable cathere for urinary sample collection |
| cystoscope | tubular instrument for examining interior of bladder |
| dialysis | method of filttration used when kidneys fail |
| extracorporeal shock wave litotripsy | breaking of kidney stones by using shock waves from outside body |
| foley catheter | indweeling cathete held in place by balloon that inflates inside bladder |
| hemodialysis | dialysis performed by passing blood thru filter outside body and returning filtered blood to body |
| indwelling | type of catheter inseted into body |
| ketone | substance that results fomr breakdown of fat |
| kub | xray of 3 part of urinary system |
| peritoneal dialysis | tye of dialyrsis which liquid extracts substances from blood is inserted into peritoneal vacity and later emptied outside body |
| ph | measurement of acidity of urine |
| phenulketones | substance accumulate in urine in infants |
| renogram | radioactive imaging of kidney funtion after introduction of substance that is filtered thru kidney while observed |
| retrograde pyelogram | xray of bladder and ureters after contrast medium is injected into bladder |
| specific gravity | measurement of concentration of wastes minral and solids in urine |
| urinalysis | examination of properties of urine |
| voiding cystourethrogram | xray image made after introduction of contrast medium and while urination is taking place |
| albyminuria | presence of albumin in urine |
| anuria | lack of urine formation |
| atresia | abnormal narrowing of urteres |
| bladder cancer | malignancy of bladder |
| brights disease | inflammation of glomeruli that can result in kidney failure |
| cystitis | inflammation of bladder |
| cystocele | hernia of bladder |
| cystolith | bladder stone |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| edma | retention of water in cells |
| end stage renal disease | last stages of kidney failure |
| enuresis | urinary incontinenece |
| glomerulonephritis | inflammation of glomeruli of kidneys |
| hematuria | blood in urine |
| hydronephrosis | abnormal collection of urine in kidneys due to blockage |
| incontinence | inability to prevent excretion of urine |
| ketonuria | increased urinary excretion of ketones |
| kidney failury | loss of kidney function |
| nephritis | inflammation of kidneys |
| nephrosis | disorder caused by loss of protein in urine |
| nephroma | renal tumor |
| nephroblastome | wilms tumor; malignant kidney tumor found primarily in youg children |
| nocturia | frequent night time urination |
| oliguria | scanty urine production |
| polysystic kidney disease | condition with many cysts on and within kidneys |
| polyuria | excesive urination |
| pyelitis | inflammation of renal pelvis |
| pyuria | pus in urine |
| uremia | excess of urea and nitrogenous wastes in blood |
| urinary tract infection | infectino of urinary tract |
| cystectomy | surgical removal of bladder |
| cystopexy | fixing of bladder to ab wall |
| cystoplasty | repair of bladder |
| cystorrhaphy | suturing of damage bladder |
| intracorporeal electrohydraulic lithotripsy | use of endoscope to break up stones |
| lihotomy | removal of bladder stones |
| meatotomy | enlargement of meatus |
| nephrectomy | removal of kidney |
| nephrolithotomy | removal of kidney stone |
| nephrolysis | removal of kidney adhesions |
| nephropexy | fixing of kidney to ab wall |
| nephrostomy | establishment of opening from renal pelvis to outside of body |
| pyeloplasty | repair of renal pelvis |
| pyelotomy | incision into renal pelvis |
| resectoscope | endoscope for removal of lesions |
| ureterectomy | removal of ureter |
| ureteoplasty | rapair of ureter |
| ureterorrhaphy | suturing of uretra |
| urology | medical specialty that diagnoses and treats urinary system and male reproductive system |
| urostomy | steablishment of opening in ab to exterio of body for release of urine |
| urethrostomy | establisment of opeing between urethra and exterior of body |
| antispasmodic | pharmacological agent that relieves spasm also decrease urination frequency |
| antibiotic | treat infection |
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cs3516
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