Anatomy & Physiology
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| show | regulates and controls metabolic processes, helps maintain body homeostasis (i.e. maintaining blood glucose levels during erratic food intake), and serves as one of the two major control systems of the body (with the nervous system)
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| endocrine system composition | show 🗑
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| target cells of the endocrine system | show 🗑
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| functions of the endocrine system | show 🗑
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| maintaining homeostasis of blood composition and volume | show 🗑
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| show | affect development and function
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| show | regulatory roles in embryonic cell division and differentiation and involved in catabolism and anabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids
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| show | influence secretory processes and influence movement through digestive tract
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| endocrine organs are... | show 🗑
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| types of endocrine organs | show 🗑
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| show | pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal glands
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| organs containing endocrine cells | show 🗑
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| endocrine reflexes | show 🗑
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| show | hormonal, humoral, and nervous
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| hormonal stimulation | show 🗑
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| hormonal stimulation example | show 🗑
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| show | response to changing levels of nutrients or ions - hormones act on target cells to offset further loss or eliminate excess (due to changes of hormonal levels in human body)
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| show | release of epinephrine and norepinephrine by adrenal medulla in response to sympathetic nervous stimulation
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| control of hormone secretions | show 🗑
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| negative feedback | show 🗑
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| positive feedback | show 🗑
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| pure endocrine organs | show 🗑
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| pure endocrine organs include | show 🗑
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| show | attached to the hypothalamus and has two basic divisions
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| two basic divisions of the pituitary gland | show 🗑
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| anterior lobe | show 🗑
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| show | antidiuretic hormone, oxytocin
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| growth hormone | show 🗑
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| thyroid-stimulating hormone | show 🗑
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| adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | show 🗑
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| melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) | show 🗑
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| show | follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, regulate hormone synthesis by gonads, and regulate production and maturation of gametes
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| prolactin | show 🗑
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| posterior lobe | show 🗑
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| antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | show 🗑
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| oxytocin | show 🗑
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| thyroid gland | show 🗑
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| thyroid hormone (TH) | show 🗑
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| show | lowers calcium blood levels when they are too high
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| parathyroid glands | show 🗑
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| parathyroid hormone (PTH) | show 🗑
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| pineal gland | show 🗑
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| melatonin | show 🗑
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| adrenal (suprarenal glands) | show 🗑
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| show | adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex
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| adrenal medulla | show 🗑
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| adrenal cortex | show 🗑
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| show | secrete amine hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
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| epinephrine and norepinephrine | show 🗑
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| show | secrete corticosteroids
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| corticosteroids | show 🗑
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| mineralocorticoids | show 🗑
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| show | secreted in response to decline in blood volume or blood pressure, stimulates sodium retention and potassium secretion
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| show | corisol and corticosterone
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| show | helps the body deal with stressful situations, repair damaged tissue
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| show | androgen
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| androgen | show 🗑
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| show | thymus, gonads, pancreas, and hypothalamus
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| thymus | show 🗑
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| the gonads | show 🗑
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| show | testes and ovaries
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| testosterone | show 🗑
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| male sex hormone | show 🗑
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| show | estrogen and progesterone
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| estrogen | show 🗑
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| progesterone | show 🗑
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| pancreas characteristics | show 🗑
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| pancreatic islet cells | show 🗑
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| show | alpha cells and beta cells
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| other minor cell types (delta cells and F cells) of the pancreas | show 🗑
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| show | glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide
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| show | signals liver to release glucose from glycogen, raises blood sugar
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| show | signals most body cells to take up glucose from the blood, promotes storage of glucose as glycogen in liver, and lowers blood sugar
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| show | inhibits secretion of insulin and glucagon
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| pancreatic polypeptide | show 🗑
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| blood glucose concentration | show 🗑
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| show | influences or controls many endocrine glands, has direct control over hormone release from pituitary gland, has indirect control over hormone release from thyroid and adrenal glands, liver, testes, and ovaries
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| show | oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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| hormones stored in the posterior pituitary | show 🗑
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| show | termed regulatory hormones, releasing hormones, or inhibiting hormones
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| regulatory hormones | show 🗑
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| releasing hormones | show 🗑
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| inhibiting hormones | show 🗑
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| show | growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormone, gonadotropins, prolactin
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| hormones of the hypothalamus | show 🗑
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| show | increases secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone
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| rolactin-releasing hormone | show 🗑
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| gonadotropin-releasing hormone | show 🗑
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| show | increases secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone
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| growth hormone-releasing hormone | show 🗑
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| show | release controlled by growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and this release is influenced by age, time of day, nutrient levels, stress, and exercies
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