Substance Related Disorders
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| When family members are affected by or influencing the behavior of the abuser = ? | * Codependence
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| The two types of codependence = ? | * Enabling = usu due to social pressure or family creates an environment that assists in the abuse.... * Denial = Drug use and abuse is not perceived as a problem by user or family
, and family makes excuses until arrested, then all are against it
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| Types of Dependence = ? | * Physical = Chronic use produces tolerance
and can see tolerance..... * Psychological =
Need for a particular substance or activity due to the enjoyable mental affects
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| Weird SE of a patient to make you look at a possible drug user = ? | * Hyperthermia
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| Receptors that promote the analgesic, sedative & euphoric effects = ? | * Mu receptors (agonists bind and cause these effects)
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| Some indications of drug abuse ? | * bite marks from seizures, needle tracts, position of the body, septal issues
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| Drug Testing = ? | * Urine is preferred – but drugs are usu gone fast (THC is the exception).... * Screening performed by immunoassay Confirmation by GC or LC/MS/MS (gas chromo. Or liquid chromo.)
... * THC is stored in fat, and when dieting, can release it again
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| Caffeine basics = ? | * CNS stimulant that usu in pesticides... * produces Positive and negative effects .... * Overdose is RARE and is about 10g a day
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| Caffeine + effects = ? | * higher attention, lower CV risks, lower diabetes risk, and up regulated metabolic state
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| Nicotine basics = ? | * commonly found in cigs.... * Parasympathomimetic – stimulant & relaxant..... * Get Physical dependence
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| Alcohol basics = ? | * CNS depressant that can cause pulmonary edema..... * Synergy with other drugs
.... * Withdrawal = Delerium Tremens --> see Spiders (BUZZWORD)
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| Opiates & Opioids basics = ? | * Opioid = synthetic... Opiate = from poppy plant.... * CNS depressants and activate Mu receptors to cause a Euphoric effect
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| Metabolism of Codeine and Heroin = ? | * Both are converted to Morphine
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| Opioid SE = ? | * can get N/V sickness, but it is a SE, not an allergy... * constipation
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| Amphetamine basics = ? | * is a CNS stimulant used to stay awake .... * can be prescribed meds or meth/crank/mollies/crack
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| Cocaine basics = ? | * Ingredient in Coca Cola until 1902.... * still used as an Anesthetic & vasoconstrictor for epistaxis
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| Cocaine SEs = ? | * Cerebrovascular = Vasoconstriction --> non-hemorrhagic infarcts..... * Cardiac = Contraction Bands --> MI's..... * See VC where it is inhaled/injected and get necrosis all over
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| Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) = ? | * “superman” effect..... * Vivid visual hallucinations and common in teens who think its neat to take it at school..... * can have trips waaayyy later in life wit hit too
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| Ketamine basics = ? | * Dissociative anesthesia = total body anesthesia and totally awake.... * are very hyperactive/reactive to sound/lights... * Ex. Dog bites owner after surgery bc dogs sees stuff
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| Phencyclidine (PCP) basics = ? | * Agitation, delusions & terrifying hallucinations upon withdrawal.... * Is the homicidal drug..... *
Psychological dependence
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| Drug that also screens positive for PCP, even though it isn't PCP = ? | * Ketamine
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| Benzos = ? | * psychological and physical dependence .... * can not withdraw cold turkey, bc of possible death/seizures.. * also used as date rape drugs
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| Barbiturates basics = ? | * worked well without addiction potential since no euphoria ..... * Overdose is only 10x a normal dose, where Benzos are 200x normal.... * see a physical addiction... * Overdos = coma and death
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| Type of Barb still used ? | * Chloral Hydrate – sedative/hypnotic, still used--> Toxic to GI when mixed with Alcohol...causes severe N/V
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| One barb that is Ok, bc it does its job without the euphoric effect ? | * Phenobarbital
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| Mary J.-- THC basics = ? | * used as an Appetite stimulant (with chemo).... * no withdrawal Sx or actual physical addiction... * SLOWS stuff down.... * NO evidence that days weed use leads to using other hard drugs
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| Testing for THC = ? | * Urine is preferred sample
..... * ALERT – NSAIDS can cause a false positive result with some tests
..... * Confirmation tests – 5-10 days for results
(GC or LC/MS/MS)
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| Ecstasy – MDMA basics = ? | * get Fatal hyperthermia and water consumption; seizures (b/c electrolytes washed out)
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