Musculoskeletal System
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| acetabulum | femur to hip
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| acrominion | scapula to clavicle
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| amphiarthrosis | cartilage, some movement
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| ankle | lower leg to bones of feet
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| articular cartilage | cartilage at joint
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| articulation | two bone join togetr to allow movement
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| atlas | 1st vertebrae
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| axis | 2nd vertebrae
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| bone | hard connective tissue, skeleton
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| bone head | round upper end
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| bone phagocyte | ingest dead bone;
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| bursa | sac; sunovial membrane; spaces between tendon and joints
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| calcaneus | heel
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| calcium | important for formation ofbone
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| cancelous bone | spongy bone
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| cardiac muscle | striated; heart; involuntary
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| carpus; carpal bone | wrist
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| cartilage | flexible connective
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| cartilaginous/intervertebral disk | circular mass; between vertebrae
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| cervical vertibrae | 7; neck
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| clavicle | curved bone to scapula
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| coccyx | end of vertebrae; 4 fused when baby
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| compact bone | hard bone tightly woven
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| condylee | round srface; end of bone
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| crest | bony ridge
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| diaphysis | long middle section of bone; shaft
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| diarthroses | freely movable joint
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| dorsal vertibrae/ thoracic vertebrae | 12; chest
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| elbow | joint between upper arm and forearm; ulna
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| endosteu | lining of medullary vacity
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| epiphyseal plate | cartilage tissue replaced; calcifies; growth plate
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| ethmoid bone | irregular bone; in face
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| ethmoid sinuses | both sides of nasal cavity; between eye and sphenoid sinus
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| fascia | fibrous tissue over muscles
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| femur | long bone in thigh
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| fibula | smallest bone in leg
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| fissure | deep slit
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| flat bone | cover certain areas; skull, scapula
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| fontanelle | membranous section of infants skull; soft spot
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| foramen | opening thorough bone
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| foramen magnum | opening in occipital for spinal cord
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| fossa | depression
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| frontal bone | forehead
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| frontal sinuses | sinus above eyes
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| humerus | connects arm to scapula
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| ilium | wide portion of hip
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| insertion | attachment to movable bone
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| involuntary muscle/smooth/visceral | digestive system; not striated;
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| irregular bone | special shape to fit certain area; facial bones
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| ischium | 1 of 3 fused bones of pelvis
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| joint | joining of bones
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| lacrimal bone | flat bone of face
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| lamina | flart side of arch of vertebrae
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| ligament | bone to bone
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| long bone | bone with shaft
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| lumbar vertebrae | 5 vertebrae; lower back
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| malleolus | round protrusion of tibia/fibula; either side of ankle
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| mandible | lower jaw
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| marrow | connective tissue with medullary cavity; rich nutrients
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| mastoid process | protrusion of temporal bone; behind ear
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| maxillary bone | upper jaw
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| maxillary sinus | either side of nasal cavity below eyes
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| medullary cavity | center of bone that holds marrow
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| metacarpal | bone between wrist and fingers
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| metaphysis | long bone between epiphysis and diaphysis
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| metatarsal | between arch and toes
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| muscle | contractile; needed for mvoement
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| musculoskeletal system | includes muscles and skeleton
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| nasal bones | form bridge of nose
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| nasal cavity | either side of nasal septum
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| neural canal | space for spinal cord
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| nucleus pulposus | fibrous; center of intervertebral disk
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| occipital bone | lower portion of skull
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| olecranon | elbow
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| origin | where muscle attaches; stationary
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| osseous tissue | connective; calcium salts
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| ossification | hardening of bone
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| osteoblast | form bone
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| osteoclast | reabsorb bone
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| osteocyte | bone cell
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| palatine bone | hard palate and nasal cavity
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| parietal bone | curve upper part of skull
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| patella | sesamoid; kneecap
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| periosteum | fibrous covering surface of bone
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| phalanges | finger and toe
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| phosphorus | important for bone formation
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| process | bony outgrowth or projection
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| pubes | anteroinferior portion of hip
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| pubic symphysis | joining of pubic bones
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| radius | shorter bone on forearm
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| rib | 24 form chest wall
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| sacrum | above coccyx; 5 fused
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| scapula | flat bone; shoulder blade
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| sella turcica | depression in sphenoid for pituitary gland
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| sesamoid bone | in tendon over joint
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| short bone | sqare shaped
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| sinus | hollow cavity
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| skeleton | bony framework
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| sphenoid bone | base of skull
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| spenoid sinus | above and behind nose
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| spinous process | protrusion from center of arch
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| sternum | midline of anterior thorax
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| striated muscle/voluntary | control at will; skeletal muscle
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| styloid process | peg shaped protrusion
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| sulcus | groove in surface
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| suture | joins to bones; fibrous membrane; skull
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| symphysis | cartilaginous joint unite 2 bones
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| synarthrosis | no movement
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| snovial fluid | lubricate joints
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| synovial joint | movable joint
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| tarsal | arch of foot
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| temporal bone | base and sides of skull
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| TMJ | joint for temporal bone and mandible
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| tendone | muscle to bone
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| thorax | trunk; neck and abdomen
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| tibia | large of two lower bones; shin
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| transverse process | portrusion on vertebral arch
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| trochanter | bony protrusion on upper end of femur
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| true ribs | 7; attach to sterum and spine
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| tubercle | bony eleveaition for ligament
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| tuberosity | large elevation
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| ulna | larger bone of forearm
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| vertebrae | bony segments of spinal cord
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| vertebral body | main portion of vertebrae
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| vitamin d | important for bone formation
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| vomer | flat bone; nasal septum
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| zygomatic bone | cheek bone
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| acetabulo | acetabulum
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| acromio | end of scapula
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| ankylo | bent crooked
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| arthro | joint
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| brachi | arm
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| burso | bursa
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| calcaneo | heel
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| calcio | calcium
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| carpo | wrist
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| cephalo | head
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| cervico | neck
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| chondro | cartilage
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| condylo | knob; knuckle
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| costo | rib
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| cranio | skull
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| dactylo | fingers; toes
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| fascio | fascia
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| femoro | femur
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| fibro | fiber
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| humero | humerus
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| ilio | ilium
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| ischio | ischium
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| kypho | hump;bent
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| lamino | laamina
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| leiomyo | smooth muscle
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| lumbo | lumbar
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| maxillo | upper jaw
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| metacarpo | metacarpal
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| myo | muscle
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| myelo | spinal cord; marrow
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| osteo | bone
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| pateelo | knee
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| pedi; pedo | foot
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| pelvi | pelvis
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| phalango | finger or toe
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| podo | foot
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| pybo | pubis
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| rachio | spine
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| radio | forearm bone
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| rhabdo | rod shaped
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| rhabdomyo | striated muscle
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| scapulo | scapula
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| scolio | curved
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| spondylo | vertebrae
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| sterno | sternum
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| synovo | synovial membrane
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| tarso | tarsus
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| teno;tendo;tedino | tendon
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| tibio | tibia
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| ulno | ulna
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| vertebro | vertebra
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| A-K | above knee amputation
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| ASIS | anterior auperior iliac spine
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| B | bilateral
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| B-K | below knee amputation
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| C1,C2 etc | cervical vertebrae
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| Ca | calcium
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| CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome
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| D1 D2 etc | dorsal vertebrae
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| DJD | degenerative joint disease
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| DTR | deep tendon refle
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| EMG | electromyogram
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| Fx | fracture
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| IM | intramuscularly
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| L | left
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| L1 L2 etc | lumbar vertebrae
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| MCP | metacarpophalangeal
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| NSAID | nonsteroidal antiinflammartory drug
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| OA | ostero arthritis
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| P | phosphorus
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| PIP | proximal interphalangeal joints
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| PSIS | posterior superior iliac spine
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| R | right
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| RA | rheumatoid arthritis
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| ROM | range of motion
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| T1 T2 etc | thoracic vertebrae
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| TMJ | temporomandibular joint
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| arthrography | radiography of joint
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| arthroscopy | exmination with instrument; inside of jiont
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| bone scane | nuclear medicine image ofbone
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| chirpractor | professional; align spinal column
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| densitometer | measure bone density usin light n xrays
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| diskography | image of disk by injection of medium in center
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| electromyogram | image of muscular action using electrical currents
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| goniometer | measures angles and ROM
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| myelography | imagin of spinal cord
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| orthopedic surgeon | emins, diagnoses, and treats musculoskeletal system
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| osteo path | combines manipulativ treatment with therapeutic measures
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| podiatrist | foot specialist
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| rheumatoid factor test | detect rheumatoid arthritis
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| rheumatologist | joint specialist
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| serum calcium | test for Ca in blood
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| serum creatine phosphokinase | active in muscle contration
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| serum phosphorus | test for P in blood
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| tinel's sign | pins and needs sensation; injured nerve tapped
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| uric acid test | test acid content in urin; indicate gout
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| ankylosis | stiffening of joint
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| arthralgia | severe joint pain
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| arthritis | inflammation of joint
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| atrophy | waste away of tissue or organs; shrink
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| bony necrosis | death of portions of bone
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| bunion | inflamed bursa of foot joint
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| bursitis | inflammation of bursa
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| calcar/spur | bony projection growing out of bone
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| carpal tunnel syndrome | pain in hand due to repetitive motion
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| chondromalacia | softening of cartilage
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| closed fracture | no open skin wound
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| colles fracture | lower end of radius
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| comminuted fracture | shattered bones
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| complex fracture | part of bone displaced
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| complicated fracture | extensive soft tissue repair needed
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| compound/ open fracture | open skin wound
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| compression fraction | vertebrae space compressed
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| contracture | extreme resistance to stretching of muscle
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| crepitation | noise made by rubbing bones together
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| degenerative arthritis | erosion of cartilage
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| dislocation | movement of joint out of normal position
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| dystonia | abnormal tone of tissue
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| epiphysitis | inflammation of epiphysis
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| exostosis | abnormal bone growth capped by cartilage
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| flaccid | without tone; relaxed
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| fracture | break
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| gouty arthritis | inflammation of joints; caused by uric acid crystals
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| greenstick fracture | twistin of bone but no break
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| hairline fracture | no bone separation
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| herniated disk | protrusion of intervertebral disk into neural canal
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| hypertrophy | abnormal increas in muscle size
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| hypotonia | abnormal muscle tension reduction
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| impacted fracture | fragment of one part of fracture driven into another tissue part
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| incomplete fracture | does not go entirely through bone
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| kyphosis | hunch back;abnoral posterior spine curvature
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| leiomyoma | benign tumor of smooth muscle
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| leiomyosarcome | malignant tumor of smooth muscle
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| lordosis | abnormal anterior spine curve; sway back
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| muscular dystrophy | degenerativedisorder affecting organs eventually
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| myalgia/ myodynia | muscle pain
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| myeloma | bone marrow tumor
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| myoma | benign muscle tumor
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| myositis | inflammation of muscle
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| ostealgia/osteodynia | bone pain
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| osteoarthritis | loss of cartilage
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| osteoma | benign bone tumor
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| osteomyelitis | inflammation of bone marrow
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| osteoporosis | degenerative thinning of bone
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| osteosarcoma | malignant tumor of bone
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| pathological fracture | site of already damaged bone
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| phantom limb/pain | pain felt by parallyzed/amputated
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| physcial therapy | movement therapy to restored damaged areas
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| podagra | pain in big toe
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| rhabdomyom | benign tumor in striated muscle
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| rhabdomyosarcome | malignant tumor in striated muscle
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| rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmue disorder affecting connective tissue
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| rickets | vit d deficiency
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| rigidity | stiffness
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| rigor | stiffening
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| sciatica | pain in lower back from herniated disk
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| scoliosis | lateral curve
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| sequestrum | dead tissue separated from surrounding area
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| simple fracture | no open wound
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| spasn | involuntary muscle contraction
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| spastic | tending to have spams
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| spina bifida | deformity of spine; babies
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| spinal curvatur | abnormal curve of spine
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| spondylolisthesis | one vertebra misaligns with one below; slipped disks
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| sprain | without dislocation; injury to joint
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| strain | injury to muscle; overuse
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| subluxation | partial dislocation
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| talipes calcaneus | dormoity of heall; weakend calf
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| talipes valgus | eversion of foot
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| talipesvarus | inversion of foot
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| tendinitis | inflammation of tendon
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| tetany | long muscle contraction
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| tremor | repetitive muscle contraction
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| amputation | cutting off limb
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| arthrocentesis | removal of fluid in joint
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| arthrodesis | fusion of joint to stiffen
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| arthroplasty | replacement of joint
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| bone grafting | transplantate of bone from one site to another
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| bunionectomy | removal of bunion
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| burssectomy | removal of bursa
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| casting | mold over body part to prevent movement
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| external fixation device | device to hold limb in place outside
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| internal fixation device | device to hold limb in place inside
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| laminectomy | removal of part of vertebra disk
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| myoplasty | reapid of muscle tissue
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| orthosis | appliance used to immobilze movement of spine or limbs
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| osteoclasis | breaking of bone to repair
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| osteoplasty | replacement of bone
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| osteotomy | cutting of bone
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| reduction | return to normal position
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| prosthetic | artificial device to substitiue misssing part
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| splinting | immobilize body part
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| spondylosyndesis | fusion of vertebrae
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| synovectomy | removal of synovial membrane
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| tenotomy | cutting of tendon
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| traction | drag, pull, straighten by attachment of elastic
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| analgesic | relieve pain
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| muscle relaxant | relieve stiffness
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| NSAIDS | reduce inflammation
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| narcotic | similar to opium; relieve pain
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Created by:
cs3516
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