study
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on it to display the answer.
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| Heart | muscular cone-shaped organ the size of a fist, located behind the sternum (breast bone) and between the lungs.
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| Atrioventricular Valves | consist of the tricuspid and mitral valves, which lie between the right atrium and the right ventricle and the left atrium and left ventricle, respectively.
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| semilunar valves | pulmonary and aortic valves located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and between the left ventricle and the aorta, respectively.
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| pericardium | two-layer sac surrounding the heart, consisting of an external fibrous and an internal serous layer. The serous layer secretes a fluid that facilitates movement of the heart.
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| Three Layers of the Heart | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
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| epicardium | covers the heart
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| myocardium | middle, thick, muscular layer
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| endocardium | inner lining of the heart
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| blood vessels | tubelike structures that carry blood away from the heart.
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| arteries | blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
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| pulmonary artery | carries carbon dioxide and other waste products from the heart to the lungs.
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| arterioles | smallest arteries
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| aorta | largest artery in the body, originating at the left ventricle and descending through the thorax and abdomen.
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| veins | blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.
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| Pulmonary veins | carry blood containing carbon dioxide and other waste products. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
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| venules | smallest veins
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| venae cavae | largest veins in the body.
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| inferior vena cava | carries blood to the heart from body parts below the diaphragm.
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| Superior vena cava | returns the blood to the heart from the upper part of the body.
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| capillaries | microscopic blood vessels that connect arterioles with venules.
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| Blood | composed of plasma and formed elements, such as erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes.
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| plasma | clear, straw-colored, liquid portion of blood in which cells are suspended. Plasma is approximately 90% water and comprises approximately 55% of the total blood volume.
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| erythrocytes | red blood cells that carry oxygen. Erythrocytes develop in bone marrow.
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| leukocytes | white blood cells that combat infection and respond to inflammation. There are five types of white blood cells.
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| platelets (thrombocytes) | one of the formed elements in the blood that is responsible for aiding in the clotting process.
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| serum | clear, watery fluid portion of the blood that remains after a clot has formed.
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| lymph | transparent, colorless, tissue fluid that, on entering the lymphatic system, is called lymph. It contains Lymphocytes and monocytes that flows in a one-way direction to the heart. Lymph is similar to blood plasma.
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| lymphatic vessels | similar to veins, lymphatic vessels transport lymph from body tissues to the chest, where it enters the cardiovascular system.
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| lymph nodes | small, spherical bodies composed of lymphoid tissue.
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| Spleen | located in the left side of the abdominal cavity between the stomach and the diaphragm.
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| thymus gland | one of the primary lymphatic organs, it is located anterior to the ascending aorta and posterior to the sternum between the lungs.
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| angi/o | vessel (usually refers to blood vessels)
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| aort/o | aorta
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| arteri/o | artery
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| atri/o | atrium
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| cardi/o | heart
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| lymph/o | lymph, lymph tissue
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| lymphaden/o | lymph node
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| myel/o | bone marrow
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| phleb/o, ven/o | vein
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| plasm/o | plasma
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| splen/o | spleen
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| thym/o | thymus gland
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| valv/o, valvul/o | valve
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| ventricul/o | ventricle
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| ather/o | yellowish, fatty plaque
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| ech/o | sound
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| electr/o | electricity, electrical activity
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| isch/o | deficiency, blockage
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| therm/o | heat
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| thromb/o | clot
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| brady- | slow
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| -ac | pertaining to
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| -apheresis | removal
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| -graph | instrument used to record; record
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| -penia | abnormal reduction in number
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| -poiesis | formation
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| -sclerosis | hardening
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| angioma | tumor composed of blood vessels
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| angiostenosis | narrowing of a blood vessel
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| aortic stenosis | narrowing, pertaining to aorta
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| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arteries
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| atherosclerosis | hardening of fatty plaque
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| bradycardia | condition of a slow heart (rate less than 60 beats per minute)
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| cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart
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| cardiomyopathy | disease of the heart muscle
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| endocarditis | inflammation of the inner (lining) of the heart (particularly heart valves)
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| ischemia | deficiency of blood (flow)
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| myocarditis | inflammation of the muscle of the heart
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| pericarditis | inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart
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| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein
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| polyarteritis | inflammation of many (sites in the) arteries
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| tachycardia | condition of a rapid heart (rate of more than 100 beats per min)
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| thrombophlebitis | inflammation of a vein associated with a clot
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| valvulitis | inflammation of a valve (of the heart)
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| hematoma | tumor of blood (collection of blood resulting from a broken blood vessel)
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| multiple myeloma | tumors of the bone marrow
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| pancytopenia | abnormal reduction of all (blood) cells
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| thrombosis | abnormal condition of a (blood) clot
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| thrombus | (blood) clot (attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein)
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| lymphadenitis | inflammation of the lymph nodes
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| lymphadenopathy | disease of the lymph nodes (characterized by abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes associated with an infection of malignancy)
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| lymphoma | tumor of lymphatic tissue (malignant)
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| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen
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| thymoma | tumor of the thymus gland
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| acute coronary syndrome (ACS) | sudden symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the heart indicating unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction
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| aneurysm | ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall
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| angina pectoris | chest pain, which may radiate to the left arm and jaw, that occurs when there is an insufficient supply of blood to the heart muscle.
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| arrhythmia | any disturbance or abnormality in the heart's normal rhythmic pattern.
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| atrial fibrillation (AFib) | a cardiac arrhythmia characterized by chaotic, rapid electrical impulses in the atria.
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| cardiac arrest | sudden cessation of cardiac output and effective circulation, which requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
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| cardiac tamponade | acute compression of the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial cavity.
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| coarctation of the aorta | congenital cardiac condition characterized by a narrowing of the aorta.
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| congenital heart disease | heart abnormality present at birth
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| congestive heart failure | inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs with nutrients and oxygen.
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| coronary artery disease | a condition that reduces the flow of blood through the coronary arteries to the myocardium, denying the myocardial tissue of sufficient oxygen and nutrients to function fully
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| coronary occlusion | obstruction of an artery of the heart, usually from atherosclerosis.
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| deep vein thrombosis | condition of thrombus in a deep vein of the body.
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