Ch. 3 in Barrons
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | The proportion of earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement. This is important because it tells how much of the land has been built upon and how much land is left for us to build on.
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| Population density | show 🗑
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| show | The total number of people divided by the total land area. This is what most people think of as density; how many people per area of land
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| show | The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture. This is important because it relates to how much land is being used by how many people.
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| show | the number of farmers per unit of area of farmland
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| show | the population level that can be supported, given the quantity of food, habitat, water and other life infrastructure present. This is important because it tells how many people an area will be able to support
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| Sustainability | show 🗑
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| show | The arrangement of something across Earth’s surface
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| show | the arrangement of a feature in space is distribution. Geographers identify the three main properties as density, concentration, and pattern
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| Linear growth | show 🗑
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| show | geometric growth; doubles each population (2, 4, 8, 16, …)
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| Doubling time | show 🗑
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| Population explosion | show 🗑
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| show | people born in the US between 1946 and 1964; this post-war era allowed for better education, employment, peace and prosperity - increasing higher rates of both marriage and fertility.
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| show | period in the US during the 1960s and 1970s when fertility rates dropped as many female baby boomers sought higher levels of education and jobs, marrying later in life.
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| Generation X | show 🗑
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| show | people born between 1980 and 2001; also referred to as "Echo Boomers" (many are the offspring of Baby Boomers)
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| show | geographic study of population
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| show | births minus deaths in a given population
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| show | number of live births per year per 1,000 people
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| show | number of deaths per year per 1,000 people
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| show | There are two useful ways to measure mortality; infant mortality rate and life expectancy. The IMR reflect a country’s health care system and life expectancy measures the average number of years a baby can expect to live.
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| show | the percentage by which a population grows in a year.
CBR-CDR = NIR (excludes migration)
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| Total fertility rate: (TFR) | show 🗑
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| show | annual number of infant deaths <1 yr, compared with total live births. Expressed as annual # of deaths among infants per 1000 births (not a %). Used to tell how developed a country is
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| show | annual number of deaths of children under the age of 5, compared with total live births (also calculated as number of deaths per 1,000 births)
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| show | annual number of deaths of women during childbirth per 1,000 women
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| Dependency ratio | show 🗑
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| show | formula to calculate population change: finds the increase (or decrease) in a population. births minus deaths plus (or minus) net migration. This is important because it helps to determine which stage in the demographic transition model a country is in.
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| show | Stage 1 = low growth, Stage 2 = High Growth, Stage 3 = Moderate Growth, and Stage 4 is Low Growth. Stage 5 negative population growth.
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| show | model where a sudden increase in population growth caused by medical treatment, followed by a re-leveling of population growth from subsequent declines in procreation rates (penicillin
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| Overpopulation | show 🗑
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| Underpopulation | show 🗑
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| Stationary population level (SPL)/Zero population growth | show 🗑
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| show | Population theorist: food production = linear; human reproduction = geometric; despite natural checks (famine, disease) will always be overpopulation
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| Boserup | show 🗑
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| show | anti-capitalist; lack of food is due to unequal distribution; human growth is not a problem
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| show | Earth has an abundance of resources; can never be used up
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| Neo-malthusian | show 🗑
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| Migration Patterns | show 🗑
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| show | migrants who move longer distances tend to choose big cities
urban residents are less migratory than inhabitants of rural areas
families are less likely to move intern. than young adults
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| show | (Ravenstein) Predicts that the optimal location of a service is directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it
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| Push factors | show 🗑
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| Pull factors | show 🗑
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| Catalysts of migration | show 🗑
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| Friction of Distance | show 🗑
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| show | Phenomena diminish in importance and eventually disappear by increasing distance from its origin. The farther away one group is from another, the less likely the two groups are to interact.
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| show | migration to a destination that occurs in stages (e.g., from farm to nearby village and later to town and city)
Chain migration: migration event in which individuals follow the migratory path of preceding friends or family to an existing community
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| Intervening opportunity | show 🗑
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| show | people relocate in response to perceived opportunity
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| Forced Migration | show 🗑
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| show | migration back to an original area in which people had left (e.g., migration increases after natural disasters, yet many eventually return after a time
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| Cyclic movement | show 🗑
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| Periodic movement | show 🗑
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| Refugees | show 🗑
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| show | Expansive: encourage large families (e.g., USSR under Stalin, China under Mao Zedong); Restrictive: reduce the rate of natural increase (e.g. China – the One-Child policy); Eugenic: favor one racial sector over others
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Created by:
Perthenia
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