Nut: Metabolism
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| What is Metabolism | network of chemical processes involved in maintaining life
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| Anabolic Pathway | uses small, simple compounds
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| Catabolic Pathway | breaks down compounds into smaller units
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| When are you in an anabolic state | growth, wound healing, pregnancy
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| When are you in a catabolic state | starvation
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| Cells use energy for... | building compounds, contracting muscles, conducting nerve impulses, pumping ions
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| ATP is... | Adenosine Triphosphate
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| How much ATP can the body hold | 100g
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| Definition of oxidized | gains oxygen, loses hydrogen
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| Definition of reduced | loses oxygen, gains hydrogen
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| If a substance loses electrons it is.... | oxidized
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| If a substance gains electrons it is... | reduced
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| 4 stages of aerobic cellular respiration | Glycolysis, Transition reaction, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
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| How many ATP come from aerobic respiration | 30
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| How many ATP come from anaerobic respiration | 2
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| Lipolysis | breaking down of triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol
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| Carnitine | carries fatty acids from the cytosol to the mitochondria
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| 1 molecule of glucose makes | 5 ATP
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| 1 molecule of fat makes | 7 ATP
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| Ketogenesis | production of ketone bodies to protect muscles and organs
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| Lack of insulin causes | carbs and fats to not be normally metabolized
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| Protein is metabolized in the | Liver
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| Gluconeogenesis | makes glucose form certain amino acids
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| Deamination | lose amine group from amino acid
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| Ketogenic amino acid | form acetyl-CoA
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| Glyycogenic amino acid | forms pyruvate
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| Main pathway for alcohol metabolism | ADH
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| Functions of the liver | fat synthesis, production of ketone bodies, amino acid metabolism, urea production, nutrient storage
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| High ATP concentrations promote | Anabolic reactions
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| High ADP concentrations promote | Catabolic reactions
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| Enzymes, hormones, vitamins, and minerals are produced based on... | demand
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| hormones regulate | metabolic processes
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| Vitamins needed for metabolic pathways to operate | B-vitamins, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, folate
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| pantothenic acid is important for | acetyl-CoA
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| When lean body decreases by ___ % death occurs | 50
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| oxidation of fatty acids occurs in | cytosol
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