The Digestive System
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| an/o- | anus
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| bar/o- | pressure, weight
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| chol/e- | bile, gall
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| cholecyst/o- | gall bladder
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| col/o- | colon
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| colon/o- | colon
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| dent/i- | tooth
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| duoden/o- | duodenum
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| enter/o- | small intestines
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| esophag/o- | esophagus
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| gastr/o- | stomach
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| gloss/o- | tongue
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| hepat/o- | liver
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| ile/o- | ileum
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| jejun/o- | jejunum
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| lingu/o- | tongue
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| lith/o- | stone, calculus
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| or/o- | mouth
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| pancreat/o- | pancreas
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| phag/o- | eat
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| proct/o- | anus and rectum
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| rect/o- | rectum
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| sigmoid/o- | sigmoid colon
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| stomat/o- | mouth
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| -emesis | vomitting
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| -lithiasis | presence of stones
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| -pepsia | digestion
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| -phagia | swallowing
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| aerophagia | swallowing of air, sometimes due to nervousness or anxiety.
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| amebic dysentery | a type of dysentery caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, characterized especially by ulceration of the large intestine.
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| anastomosis | communication between blood vessels by means of collateral channels, especially when usual routes are obstructed
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| anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder primarily affecting adolescent girls and young women, characterized by pathological fear of becoming fat, distorted body image, excessive dieting, and emaciation.
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| antiemetic | of or pertaining to a substance that is useful in the suppression of nausea or vomiting.
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| aphthous ulcers | An aphthous ulcer (aka canker sore ) is a type of oral ulcer which presents as a painful open sore inside the mouth or upper throat, caused by a break in the mucous membrane
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| ascites | accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity; dropsy of the peritoneum.
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| bariatrics | a branch of medicine that deals with the control and treatment of obesity and allied diseases.
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| borborygmus | a rumbling or gurgling sound caused by the movement of gas in the intestines.
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| botulism | a sometimes fatal disease of the nervous system acquired from spoiled foods in which botulin is present, especially improperly canned or marinated foods.
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| bulimia nervosa | Also called hyperphagia. Pathology . abnormally voracious appetite or unnaturally constant hunger.
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| cachexia | general ill health with emaciation, usually occurring in association with cancer or a chronic infectious disease.
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| cheilosis | A disorder of the lips often due to riboflavin deficiency and other B-complex vitamin deficiencies and characterized by fissures, especially in the corners of the mouth.
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| cholangiography | x-ray examination of the bile ducts using a radiopaque contrast medium.
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| cholangitis | Inflammation of a bile duct.
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| choledocholithotomy | Incision of the common bile duct for the extraction of an impacted gallstone.
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| cholelithiasis | The presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts.
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| cholera | an acute, infectious disease, endemic in India and China and occasionally epidemic elsewhere, characterized by profuse diarrhea, vomiting, cramps, etc.
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| cirrhosis | a disease of the liver characterized by increase of connective tissue and alteration in gross and microscopic makeup.
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| colonoscopy | visual inspection of the interior of the colon with a flexible, lighted tube inserted through the rectum.
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| Crohn's disease | a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that causes scarring and thickening of the intestinal walls and frequently leads to obstruction.
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| diverticulitis | inflammation of one or more diverticula, characterized by abdominal pain, fever, and changes in bowel movements.
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| diverticulosis | the presence of saclike herniations of the mucosal layer of the colon through the muscular wall, common among older persons and usually producing no symptoms except occasional rectal bleeding.
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| dyspepsia | deranged or impaired digestion; indigestion
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| dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing.
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| emesis | the technical name for vomiting
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| enteritis | inflammation of the intestines, especially the small intestine.
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| eructation | to raise (gas and often a small quantity of acid) from the stomach; belch
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| esophageal varices | Longitudinal, superficial venous varices at the lower end of the esophagus that are prone to ulceration and massive bleeding.
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| esophagogastroduodenoscopy | a diagnostic endoscopic procedure that visualizes the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract up to the duodenum.
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| gastroduodenostomy | the making of a new passage between the stomach and the duodenum
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| gastroesophageal reflux disease | a chronic condition in which acid from the stomach flows back into the lower esophagus, causing pain or tissue damage.
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| gastrostomy tube | A feeding tube is a medical device used to provide nutrition to patients who cannot obtain nutrition by swallowing.
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| hematemesis | The vomiting of blood.
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| Hemoccult test | A qualitative test for hidden blood in the stool, based upon detecting the peroxidase activity of hemoglobin.
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| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver, caused by a virus or a toxin and characterized by jaundice, liver enlargement, and fever.
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| herpes labialis | a technical name for cold sore
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| hiatal hernia | an abnormal condition in which part of the stomach protrudes upward through the esophageal cleft in the diaphragm, sometimes causing a backflow of acid stomach contents into the esophagus.
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| hyperemesis | severe and excessive vomiting.
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| ileus | intestinal obstruction characterized by lack of peristalsis and leading to severe colicky pain and vomiting.
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| inguinal hernia | a common type of hernia in which a loop of the intestine protrudes directly through a weak area of the abdominal wall in the groin region.
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| jaundice | yellow discoloration of the skin, whites of the eyes, etc., due to an increase of bile pigments in the blood, often symptomatic of certain diseases, as hepatitis.
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| melena | the discharge of black, tarry, bloody stools, usually resulting from a hemorrhage in the alimentary tract.
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| morbid obesity | a state of overweight so great that it prevents normal activity or bodily function and will likely cause a serious or life-threatening disorder
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| nasogastric intubation | medical process involving the insertion of a plastic tube (nasogastric tube or NG tube) through the nose, past the throat, and down into the stomach.
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| obesity | the condition of being very fat or overweight
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| periodontium | Tissues that surround and support the teeth Get more discussion results
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| peristalsis | the progressive wave of contraction and relaxation of a tubular muscular system, especially the alimentary canal, by which the contents are forced through the system.
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| proctopexy | Surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum.
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| regurgitation | voluntary or involuntary return of partly digested food from the stomach to the mouth.
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| salmonellosis | a kind of food poisoning caused by eating foods contaminated with Salmonella typhimurium.
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| sigmoidoscopy | an examination by means of a sigmoidoscope.
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| trismus | Spasm of the jaw muscles, causing the mouth to remain tightly closed, typically as a symptom of tetanus.
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| ulcerative colitis | chronic ulceration in the large intestine, characterized by painful abdominal cramps and profuse diarrhea containing pus, blood, and mucus.
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| volvulus | a torsion, or twisting, of the intestine, causing intestinal obstruction.
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| xerostomia | dryness of the mouth caused by diminished function of the salivary glands due to aging, disease, drug reaction, etc.
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