Medical Terminilogy
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| aden/o | gland
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| adip/o | fat
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| col/o | colon
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| caud/o | lower part of body, tail
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| cephal/o | head
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| cyt/o | cell
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| hepat/o | liver
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| hyster/o | uterus
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| hist/o | tissue
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| lapar/o | abdomen, abdominal wall
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| path/o | disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
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| oste/o | bone
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| retr/o | behind, backward, back of
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| -stasis | control, maintenance of a constant level
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| abdominal cavity | contains primarily the major organs of digestion. frequently referred to as the abdomen
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| adenectomy | the surgical removal of a gland
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| adenocarcinoma | is a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue
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| adenoma | a benign tumor that arises in , or sesembles glandular tissue
benign means not life threatening
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| adenomalacia | the abnormal softening of a gland
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| adenosclerosis | the abnormal hardening of a gland
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| anaplasia | a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other
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| bloodborne transmission | the spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids that are contaminated with blood
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| caudal | toward the lower part of the body
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| cephalic | toward the head
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| chromosomes | the genetic structur5es located within the nucleus of each cell
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| communicable disease | any condition that is transmitted from one person to anoter either by direct or indirect contact with contaminated objects
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| congenital disorder | is an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth
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| cytoplasm | the material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus
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| distal | means situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure,
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| dorsal | refers to the front, or belly side of the organ or body
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| dysplasia | is abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
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| endemic | refers to oigoing presence
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| coron/o | coronary, crown
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| nephr/o | kidney
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| abdominal | pertaining to the abdomen
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| abdominopelvic | abdomen and pelvic cavities together, pelvic cavitiy forms the organs of the reproductive an excretory systems
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| adenitis | inflammation of the glands
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| adenosis | any disease condition of a gland
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| adipose | aka fat, provides protective padding, insulation, and support and acts as a nutrient reserve
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| anatomy | the study of the structures of the body
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| physiology | the study of the functions of these structures
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| anomaly | a deviation from what is regarded as normal
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| anterior | situated in the front, or on the forward part of an organ
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| aplasia | lack of development of an organ or tissue
a-without plasia- formation
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| anaplasia` | is a change in structure of cells and in their orientation to each other
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| ascites | is an abnormal accumulation of clear or milky serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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| coronal | pertaining to the head or crown
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| cytology | the study of the structure of cells, chromosomes, DNA, and genetics
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| deoxyribonucleic acid | chromosomes are organized as 2 long, coiled molecules
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| endocrine gland | which secrete hormones, do not have ducts
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| epidemic | is a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a population group or area
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| epidemiologist | specializes in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group
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| epigastric | located above the stomach
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| epithelial | form a protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body
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| etiology | the study of the causes of diseases
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| exocrine | such as sweat glands, secrete their chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body
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| geneticist | a specialist in the field of genetics
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| hemophilia | a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which one of the factors needed to clot the blood is missing
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| histologist | is the specialist in the study of cells and microscopic tissues
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| histology | study of the tissues, which are composed of cells that join together to perform specific functions
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| homeostasis homeo= | maintaining a constant internal environment
constant
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| hyperplasia | is an abnormal increase in the numver of normal cells in normal arrangement in a tissue
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| hypochondriac | means below the ribs or person with abnormal and excessive concern about his or her health
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| hypogastric | region below the stomach
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| hypoplasia | the incomplete development of an organ or tissue but is less sever in degree than aplasia
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| iatrogenic | a problem such as a side effect or an unfavorable response, arising from a prescribed medical treatement
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| idiopathic | is an illness with an unknown cause
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| iliac | pertaining to the hip bones
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| infectious | an illness caused by a pathogenic organism
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| inguinal | the entire lower region of the abdomen is aka the groin
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| laparoscopy | the visual exam of the interior of the abdomen with the use of a laparoscope
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| membrane | is a thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or organ
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| midsagittal | aka the midline, the vertical plane that divides the body, from top to bottom, into equal left and right halves
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| nucleus | which is surrounded by the nuclear membrane, is the structure with in the cell that has two important functions
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| pandemic | refers to an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide
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| parietal peritoneum | is the outer layer of this membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
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| pathologist | specializes in the study of lab analysis of tissue samples removed at operations and postmortem exam to confirm or establish a diagnos
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| pathology | the study of structural and functional changes caused by disease
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| pelvic | pertaining to the hip bone
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| peritoneum | the membrane that protects and supports the organs in the abd. cavity
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| peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum
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| phenylketonuria | is a genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing, it can be detected by a blood test at birth. If not detected and treated early it can cause mental retardation
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| posterior | means situated in the back, it also means on the back part of an organ
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| proximal | means situated nearest the midline
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| retroperitoneal | located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity
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| sagittal | any vertical plane parallel to the midline that divides the body into unequal left and right portions
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| thoracic | or chest cavity protects the heart and lungs,
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| transvers | divides the body into superior and inferior portions
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| umbilical | surrounds the umbilicus aka the belly button or navel
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| ventral | refers to the front or belly side of the body or organ
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