Viral infections of the respiratory tract, upper respiratory tract 1/4/13
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| Major Upper Respiratory Tract illnesses | Common cold, sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, laryngitis, conjunctivitis
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| Number one Viral cause of common cold | Rhinovirus
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| Number of Rhinovirus strains | Over 100
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| Immunity between strands of rhinovirus | No cross-protective immunity, short lived immunity (IgA)
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| How is rhinovirus spread | Respiratory droplets, especially hands to face
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| Most effective preventative measure for rhinovirus | hand washing
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| Most frequent reason for misuse of antibiotics | Rhinovirus
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| What is responsible for MOST symptoms in a common cold | Inflammatory mediators
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| Inflammatory mediators in a common cold | Histamine, prostaglandins, kinins, cytokines
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| Histamine causes | Dilation of blood vessels, nasal congestion and plasma exudate, activation of sneeze and cough reflexes
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| Prostaglandins cause | Mucous gland secretions
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| Kinins cause | Stimulation of pain nerve fibers (sore throat)
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| Cytokines cause | Headache, fever, chills, shivers, muscle aches
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| What does mucous color tell us about the difference between a viral and bacterial infection | Nothing
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| Rhinovirus attachment site is found in a | Canyon on the virus surface
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| Which antibody is responsible for recovery and immunity? | IgA
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| Preventative value of Vit C and Zinc? | None
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| Coronavirus characteristics | ssRNA and enveloped
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| Cause of common cold AND SARS | Coronovirus
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| Virus that can cause persistent infection and therefor prolonged infectivity | Adenovirus
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| Pharyngoconjunctival fever is spread through | Swimming pools
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| Diagnosis used for URTI | Detections of specific IgM, rise in IgG titer; isolation of virus from naso-pharyngeal, sputum and ocular secretions; PCR
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| When are respiratory infections in children most common | Winter
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| ARD was found commonly and is now vaccinated against in | Military recruits on bases
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| ARD and Keratoconjuctivitis occur in | Epidemics
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| How are URTIs transmitted | respiratory aerosols (cover your mouth!)
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| Adenovirus can also be transmitted by | Fecal-oral (ewww)
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| Treatment of URTI | Symptomatic only
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