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BMMS Greece Ch. 9

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Greece Ch. 9 Words
Definitions
peninsula   land with water on three sides  
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Peloponnesus   the peninsula that forms the southern part of Greece  
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isthmus   a narrow strip of land  
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Phoenicians   The Greeks got the alphabet from them.  
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alphabet   a system of symbols used to represent individual sounds  
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Mount Olympus   highest mountain in Greece and home to the Greek gods  
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myth   a story that people tell to explain beliefs about their world  
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Olympics   games held every four years to honor Zeus  
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epic poem   a long poem about ancient heroes  
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fable   a short story usually involves animals and teaches a moral or lesson  
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polis   the Greek word for city-state  
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aristocracy   "rule by the upper class"  
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tyrant   a ruler who takes power illegally  
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citizen   a person who is loyal to and protected by a government  
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democracy   a government in which citizens make political decisions "rule by the people"  
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Athens   a city-state in ancient Greece. Democracy was born here.  
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Sparta   a city-state in ancient Greece that focused on military strength  
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helot   a Greek slave  
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barracks   military houses for soldiers  
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Marathon   a plain near Athens where the first battle with the Persians took place  
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Homer   a Greek poet who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey  
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agora   an open air market place and political center of Athens  
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city-state   a self governing city and its surrounding villages  
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monarchy   "rule by a king or a queen"  
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oligarchy   "rule by a few"  
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oracle   A person, such as a priestess, through whom a deity is held to respond when consulted.  
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Cleisthenes   considered the "father" of democracy  
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labyrinth   a maze  
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Minoans   a sophisticated culture that lived on Crete  
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Mycenaeans   mainland Greeks  
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Trojan War   a war fought between the people of Troy and the mainland Greeks.  
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Solon   A magistrate (leader) who outlawed debt slavery.  
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trireme   a Greek warship with 170 rowers  
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Ionian Revolt   the revolt against Persian rule by settlements in Ionia  
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