Chapter 3 vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
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| ankyl/o- | crooked, bent, stiff
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| arthr/o- | joint
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| chondr/o- | cartilage
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| cost/o- | rib
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| crani/o- | skull
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| kyph/o- | bent, hump
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| lord/o- | curve, swayback bent
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| myel/o- | spinal cord, bone marrow
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| oss/e- | bone
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| oss/i- | bone
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| osto/o- | bone
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| oste/o- | bone
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| scoli/o- | curved, bent
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| spondyl/o- | vertebrae, vertebral column, backbone
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| synovi/o- | synovial membrane, synovial fluid
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| synov/o- | synovial membrane, synovial fluid
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| sub- | under, less, below
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| meta- | change, beyong, subsequent to, behind, after or next
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| -um | singular noun ending
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| -lysis | breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening
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| -desis | surgical fixation of bone or joint, to bind, tie together
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| acetabulum | hip socket; the large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint
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| allogenic | originating with another
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| ankylosing spondylitis | a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae
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| arthrodesis | also known as surgical anklyosis, is the surgical fusion (joining together) or two bones to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle, elbow, or shoulder
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| arthrolysis | the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint
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| arthroscopy | the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
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| autologous | originating within an individual
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| chondroma | a slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells
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| chondromalacia | the abnormal softening of cartilage
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| comminuted fracture | one in which the bone is splintered or crushed
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| compression fracture | occurs when the bone is pressed together (compressed) on itself
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| costochondritis | an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum
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| craniostenosis | a malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures
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| crepitation | the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together
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| dual x-ray absorptiometry | a low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density
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| fibrous dysplasia | a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous tissue
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| hallux valgus | an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe (bunion)
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| hemarthrosis | blood within a joint
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| hemopoietic | pertaining to the formation of blood cells
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| internal fixation | a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place
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| juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | an autoimmune disorder that affects children aged 16 years or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue
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| kyphosis | an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side (humpback)
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| laminectomy | the surgical removal of a lamina, or posterior portion, of a vertebra
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| lordosis | an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine (swayback)
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| lumbago | pain of the lumbar region of the spine
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| malleolus | the rounded bony protuberance on each side of the ankle
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| manubrium | the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum
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| metacarpals | the 5 bones that form the palms of the hand
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| metatarsals | form the part of the foot to which the toes are attached
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| open fracture | one in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin
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| orthopedic surgion | a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles
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| orthotic | a mechanical applicance, such as a leg brace or splint, that is specially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function
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| osteitis | an inflammation of bone
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| osteoarthritis | most commonly associated with aging (wear-and-tear arthritis)
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| osteochondroma | a benign bony projection covered with cartilage
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| osteoclasis | the surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity
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| osteomalacia | abnormal softening of bones in adults
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| osteomyelitis | an inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone
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| osteonecrosis | the death of bone tissue due to a lack of sufficient blood supply
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| osteopenia | thinner than average bone density in a young person
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| osteoporosis | a marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging
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| osteoporotic hip fracture | usually caused by a weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis and can occur either spontaneously or as the result of a fall
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| osteorrhaphy | the surgical suturing, or wiring together, of bones
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| Paget's disease | a bone disease of unknown cause characterized by the excessive breakdown of bone tissue, followed by abnormal bone formation
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| pathologic fracture | occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain
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| percutaneous vertebroplasty | performed to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures
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| periostitis | an inflammation of the periosteum
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| poditrist | holds a Doctor of Podiatry or Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree and specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot
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| prosthesis | a substitute for a diseased or missing body part, such as a leg that has been amputated
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| rheumatoid arthritis | a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked
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| rickets | a deficiency disease occurring in children
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| scoliosis | an abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine
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| spina bifida | a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it
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| spiral fracture | a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart
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| spondylolisthesis | the forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it
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| spondylosis | a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function
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| subluxation | the partial displacement of a bone from its joint
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| synovectomy | the surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint
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| vertebrae | the bony structure units of the spinal column (26)
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