EKG Study guide DCCC
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| A U wave usually occurs | When Patient has Low K+
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| The QRS Complex occurs | When Ventricles contract
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| On the EKG Machine | The Standards checks the voltage that the instrument is using
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| The Hearts has Four Valves made up from | Endocardium
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| The blood leaves the heart | though the pulmonic and aortic valves. Called Semi lunar Valves
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| Where does the blood return to the heart from the body? | It enter the right Atrium
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| Where does the Superior Vena Cava gets it blood from? | From the head , neck and upper extremities
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| What is the inter most layer of the Heart? | Endocardium
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| Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) | A condition when the heart, for what ever reason cannot meet the demands of the body. The body compensates in 3 ways
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| What are the two entrance Valves of the Heart? | Tricusip and Bicuspid Valves
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| What are the Semilunar Valves ? | Pulmonic and Aortic Valves
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| Pericardium | The Fibrous outer fluid layer that covers the heart & separate it from the Chest Cavity
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| P Wave | The contraction of the atrium
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| QRS complex | The contraction of the Ventricles
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| T Wave | The relaxation of the Ventricles
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| U Wave | Not always seen But represents Low Potassium (K+)
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| What is The Right and Left Atria known as? | Receiving Chambers
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| What Valve does the blood go threw from the left atrium to the left ventricle? | The mitral valve
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| The only way to Oxygenenate the blood is through..... | the Alveoli and Capillaries in the lings
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| What separate the right and left side of the heart? | is the Septum
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| What is the speed that the EKG is normally run? | 25 mm/sec
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| What is the ground Color? | green
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| What is the diameter of the Coronary Arties? | 1/8 inch
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| Another name for Bicuspid valve? | Mitral Valve
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| What is the purpose of the Gel on the Electrode? | To Conduct Electricity
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| Where does the Myocardium get nourishment from? | The Coronary Arteries
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| What happen if the blood supplies dies Myocardium? | The blood supply dies
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| What is the thickest layer of the Heart? | Myocardium
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| What is the size of the Heart? | The size of your Fist
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| Blood returns to the heart.... | inferior and superior vena cava
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| From the Inferior Vena Cava brings blood from.. | below the diaphram
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| The Superior Vena Cava gets blood from... | the head and upper extremities
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| What does the Pulmonary Veins function? | Carries High Oxygen blood; comes from the lungs and returns blood back to the left Atrium for circulation to body organs and cells.
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| The term for Rapid Heart Beat? | Tachycardium
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| Coronary Insufficiency ? | The Right and left coronary arteries supply blood to the heart. Flow is considered insufficient if it can not meet the needs of the heart
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| What is the purpose of the conduction system? | is to initiate the heart beat and regulate the cardiac cycle
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| Eptopic | is a adjective to a event or tissue occurring at a place other than normal location. Ectopic heart beats are generated from impulse originating some other place than the SA node
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| Where is the SA node located | Upper Wall of the right Atrium
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| What is the SA node Function | To generate the stimulus to make the heart beat
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| Systole | The heart is contracting
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| When the Patient heart beat slow they can suffer from.... | Syncope
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| The heart is located | In the mediastium
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| what is the function of the heart? | To pump sufficient amounts of blood to all of the cells in the body
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| When does the U wave usually appear? | After the T wave
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| What does Ischemia mean? | is reduced (ish) blood (emia). A condition of inadequate blood flow to a tissue. Ischemia to the heart can cause angina, and if present long enough, infarction.
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| What are the Chest leads called? | Percordial leads
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| The right leg electrodes show no cardiac information.. | and serves as a ground
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| What could a broken cable wire cause.... | a wondering base line
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| Mediastinum | is the space between the lungs in the chest cavity: hold the heart and other respiratory units
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| Electrodes are plates for.... | that come between the patient and the current
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| Where do the Augmented aVR leads go? | To the right Arm
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| When the Myocardium is Stimulated ... | It contracts
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| What is the Myocardium made of? | Muscle
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| If a patient has there right arm amputated above the elbow where do you put the leads? | You put the leads on the upper part of the arm.
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| If patient has amputation where do you put the leads? | The important thing is to put the leads the same corresponding location.
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| Pulmonary Artery | is the artery that carries low oxygen blood:leaves the right ventricle and goes to the heart
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| Normal Sinus Rhythm rate is | 60-100 beats per min-> each complex and normal in appearance
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| Bradycardia means | the heart rate is below 60 beats per min
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| Sinus Arrhythmia | can be cause by changes in Breathing
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| Asystole | Is a flat line, associated with dealth
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| Pulmonary Circulation | Circulation that goes to the heart's right atrium to the lungs where it is oxygenated and releases built up carbon dioxide
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| If the heart bear fires ectopically means... | the stimulus to generate the heart beat does not occur in the SA Node
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| Chordae Tendinea Means | Holds heart valve in place
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| What is the faulty action valve closed? | heart murmur
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| When a patient feel heart pain | due to an inadequate blood flow t the heart
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| What is a MI | Myocardial infarct and occurs when the mycardial tissue suffer death to the area because of insufficient blood flow
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| What is the difference between Agonal and Assystole on an EKG | Asystole is flat line, while Agonal is less than 20 beats per min
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| How do you calculate the heart rate? on a ekg strip | Counting the complete complexes in 3, or 6 sec and multiply by 20 or 10
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| Electrocardiogram | is the recording or tracing of the EKG
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| What is the Cardiac cycle? | is the beginning of the beat until the beginning of the next beat.
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| How many leads are on EKG? | 10 are use 12 Lead EKG tracing
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| What does the T wave | relaxation of the ventricles
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| What is one major cause of Heart failure? | High Blood Pressure
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| QRST Complex represents | one entire cardiac cycle
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| What does the Apex of the heart shape liked? | pointed at the bottom of the heart
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| Where does the Apex lies | On the Diaphragm
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| Where does the Pulmonary veins goes too? | To the Left Atrium
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| What encloses the Heart | Pericardial Sac
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| What is Repolarization | is the relaxation phase" the process of recharging depolarized cells back to their "Ready" (Polarized) state"
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| What is Depolarization | is Contraction Phase
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| Which Chamber is the largest | Left Ventricle
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| Why is the left Ventricle largest chamber? | because it has a job to pump the blood out of the chamber by contracting
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| When the heart chambers empties during what Phase? | Systolic Phase (Contraction)
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| What are the Major cause Atherosclerosis? | Build up of fat deposits on the walls of the Arteries
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| Where does the aVF lead goes? | Left Leg
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| What is Angina ? | Is heart pain from lack of circulation to coronary arteries
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| Why does the heart rate go down to 40-60 beat per Minute? | the impulse is usually generated in the Av Node
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| Diastolic Phase | The Bottom number in the Blood Pressure
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| What does each small square represents? | .04 per second
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| Tricuspid Valve | Located between the right atrium and left Ventricle. As the name it has three cusps
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| Mitral Valve | Located between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It has two cusps
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| The Conduction System of the Heart | 1. Sinoatrail (SA)node 2. Artrioventricular (AV) Node 3. Atrioventricula (AV) 4.Right&Left Bundle Branches 5. Purkinje fiber
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| Endocardium | inner layer of the heart
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| Myocardium | Muscular layer of the heart
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| Epicardium | is the outer layer of the Heart
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| Pericardium | is the outer sac surrounding the heart from the rest of the chest cavity
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| Electrocardiograph | is the instrument used for recording the heart activity
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| P wave | Atrial contraction
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| Another name for Leads aVF, aVL, aVR | Augmented
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