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Population (Chapter 2)

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Term
Definition
show The age structure of a population that determines similarities and differences among countries. An important factor of this structure is the dependency ratio.  
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show This is the population level that can be supported, given the quantity of food, habitat, water and other life infrastructure present. This is important because it tells how many people an area will be able to support.  
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Cohort   show
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show The formula that calculates population change. The formula finds the increase (or decrease) in a population. The formula is found by doing births minus deaths plus (or minus) net migration.  
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show The tendency for a growing population to keep growing after a fertility decline because of the young age distribution.once this happens a country moves to a different stage in the demographic transition model.  
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show Cape Verde is in Stage 2 (High Growth), Chile is in Stage 3 (Moderate Growth), and Denmark is in Stage 4 (Low Growth). This is important because it shows how different parts of the world are in different stages of the demographic transition.  
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show Has 5 steps. Stage 1 is low growth, Stage 2 is High Growth, Stage 3 is Moderate Growth, and Stage 4 is Low Growth and Stage 5 although not officially a stage is a possible stage that includes zero or negative population group.  
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show The number of people who are too young or too old to work compared to the number of people in their productive years. This is important because this tells how many people each worker supports.  
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Diffusion of fertility control   show
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show Sorted into two groups; Contagious and Hierarchical. Hierarchical is along high density areas that spread from urban to rural areas. Contagious is spread through the density of people.  
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show The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.  
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show The proportion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement.  
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Epidemiological Transition model   show
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show This refers to physical or virtual space that is associated with a particular gender because of the activities that occur in the space. For example, a military base.  
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Infant mortality rate   show
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show This is when the projection population show exponential growth. This is important because if the population grows exponential resource use will go up exponentially and so will our use as well as a greater demand for food a  
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show This is an adaptation that has become less helpful than harmful. This relates to human geography because it has become less and less suitable and more of a problem or hindrance in its own right, as time goes on.  
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Malthus, Thomas   show
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show Is a reflection of a country’s health care system, IMR and life expectancy measures the average number of years a baby can expect to live.  
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Natality   show
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show Theory that builds upon Malthus’ thoughts on overpopulation. Takes into count two factors that Malthus did not: population growth in LDC’s, and outstripping of resources other than food  
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Overpopulation   show
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Population densities   show
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show The arrangement of a feature in space. Geographers identify the three main properties as density, concentration, and pattern Used to describe how things and people are distributed across the earth.  
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Population explosion   show
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show Predicts the future population of an area or the world. (Helps predict future problems with population such as overpopulation or under population of a certain race or ethnicity.)  
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show Displayed cohorts by age and gender on a bar graph. Shape is determined primarily by crude birth rate. Shows age distribution and sex ratio.  
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Rate of natural increase   show
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show Traces the cyclical movement upwards and downwards in a graph. So named for its shape. Relates to growth and decline in the natural increase.  
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Sex ratio   show
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show Refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people and the way they are distributed within a population Higher standards of living are found in MDC’s rather than LDC’s. Can help trace development.  
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show Providing the best outcomes for human and natural environments both in the present and for the future Relates to development that meets today’s needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.  
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show Sharp drop or decrease in a region’s population.  
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show A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate is non-existent.  
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