Question | Answer |
Physicians who treat bon and joint diseases | orthopedists |
physicians who specialize primarily in joint problems | rheumatologist |
process of bone formation | ossification |
bone cell that helps form bony tissue | osteoblasts |
bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue | osteoclasts |
how many various bones in the body | 206 |
the end of a long bone is called | epiphysis |
middle region of a bone is called | diaphysis |
strong, fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the surface of long bones | periosteum |
layer of hard, dense bone that lies under the periosteum | compact bone |
trabecular bone or spongy bone, is much more porous and less dense | cancellous bone |
rounded, knuckle-like process at the joint | condyle |
opening for blood vessels and nerves | foramen |
name the 6 cranial bones | frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bone |
name the 6 facial bones | nasal, lacrimal, maxillary, mandibular, zygomatic, and vomer |
What does L1 mean | 1st lumbar vertebra |
soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant | fontanelle |
supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone | trabeculae |
a swelling of the metatarsophalangeal joint near base of big toe | bunion |
bony growth(benign) arising from the surface of bone | exostosis |
example of exostosis | bunion |
bone is broken but there is no open wound in the skin | closed fracture |
bone is broken and protrudes out of skin | compound or closed fracture |
break appears near the wrist | colles fracture |
bone is splintered or crushed into several pieces | comminuted fracture |
bone collapses or is compressed | compression fracture |
bone is partially broken; breaks on one surface and bends on the other | greenstick fracture |
one fragment is driven firmly into the other | impacted fracture |
most common malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts | osteosarcoma |
softening of bone | osteomalacia |
inflammation of bone | osteomyelitis |
decrease in bone density | osteoporosis |
clubfoot | talipes |
sac of fluid near a joint | bursa |
connective tissue binding bones to other bones | ligament |
connective tissue that binds muscles to bones | tendon |
chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily the spine | ankylosing spondylitis |
inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body | gouty arthritis or gout |
progressive, degenerative joint disease | osteoarthritis |
Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain;caused by autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane | rheumatoid arthritis (RA) |
What is another name for fever | pyrexia |
compression of median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist | carpal tunnel |
what is an example of subluxation | spondylolisthesis |
displacement of a bone from its joint | dislocation |
partial or incomplete dislocation | subluxation |
abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves | herniation of an intervertebral disk |
trauma to a joint without rupture | sprain |
injury involving the overstretching of a muscle | strain |
voluntary or skeletal muscle that move all bones | striated muscle |
involuntary or visceral muscles that move internal organs | smooth muscle |
striated in appearance but is like smooth muscle in its action | cardiac muscle |
the point of attachment of muscle to the stationary bone | origin |
point of junction of muscle to the bone that moves is called | insertion |
decreasing the angle between two bones | flexion |
increasing the angle between two bones | extension |
movement away from the midline of the body | abduction |
movement toward the midline of the body | adduction |
circular movement | rotation |
decreasing the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot bends backward and upward | dorsiflexion |
motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground | plantar flexion |
the act of turning the palm up | supination |
the act of turning the palm down | pronation |
CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome |
EMG | electromyography |
IM | intramuscular |
RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
TMJ | temporomandibular joint |
chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart, and lungs | systemic lupus erythematosus |
removal of a vertebra to relieve compression on nerves | laminectomy |
abnormal condition of exaggerated anterior curvature | lordosis |
condition of high blood calcium | hypercalcemia |
abnormal condition of posterior curvature of the spine | kyhposis |
pertaining to the lower back | lumbar |
formation of bone marrow | myelopoiesis |
inflammation of bone | osteoitis |
formation of bone | osteogenesis |
abnormal condition of lateral curvature of the spine | scoliosis |
abnormal condition of vertebrae | spondylosis |
pertaining to the backbone | vertebral |
abnormal development of bone | osteodystrophy |
immature bone cell | osteoblast |
softening of bone | osteomalacia |
instrument to cut bone | osteotome |
forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower one | spondylolisthesis |
bone cell that breaks down bone to remove bone tissue | osteoclast |
abnormal condition of loss of bone tissue and decrease in bone mass | osteoporosis |
measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis | pelvimetry |
each end of a long bone | epiphysis |
bony benign growth arising from the surface of bone | exostosis |
rare, malignant tumor arising in bone; occurring in children | ewing sarcoma |
deficiency of bone; a precursor to osteoporosis | osteopenia |
inflammation of bone and bone marrow secondary to infection | osteomyelitis |
congenital abnormality of the hindfoot | talipes |
abnormal condition of blood in a joint | hemarthrosis |
narrowing of the spinal chord | spinal stenosis |
surgical repair of a joint | arthroplasty |
fusion, by surgery, of bones across a joint space | arthrodesis |
inflammation of a sac of fluid near the joint | bursitis |
specialist in diagnosing and treatment of arthritis | rheumatologist |
inflammation of connective tissue binding muscles to bones | tendinitis |
type of dwarfism | achondroplasia |
softening of cartilage | chondromalacia |
stiffness of a joint | ankylosis |
suture of a tendon | tenorrhaphy |
pertaining to the connective tissue that binds bones to bones | ligamentous |
progressive, degenerative disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone | osteoarthritis |
chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily in the spine | ankylosing spondylitis |
trauma to joint ligaments without rupture | sprain |
an inherited condition in which bones of the arms and legs fail to grow normally because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation | achondroplasia |
chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart and lungs; butterfly rash on the face is typical | systemic lupus erythematosus |
enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe | bunion |
neuromuscular disorder causing weakness of voluntary muscles | myasthenia gravis |
shaft of a long bone | diaphysis |
the bones of a fetus are mainly composed of what kind of tissue | fontanelle |