Question | Answer |
How many types of word parts may be used to create medical terms? | Four |
What are the four types of word parts? | Word Root, Combining Form, Suffix, and Prefix |
Word Root | Contains the basic meaning of the term. |
Which word part usually but not always indicate the involved body part and sometimes color? | Word Root |
Combining Form | is a word root with a vowel at the end so that a suffix beginning with a constanant can be added. |
When a combining form appears alone, it is shown with a _____________ between the word root and the combining vowel. | Slash (/) |
What are the 3 Word part guidelies? | 1. A word root cannot stand alone 2. The rules for creating combining form by adding a vowel apply when a suffix beginning with a consonant is added to a word root. 3. When a prefix is necessary, it is always placed at the beginning of the word. |
Suffix | always comes at the end of a word |
Which word part usually ut not always indicate the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease? | Suffix |
Prefix | always comes at the beginning of a word |
Which word root usually but not always indicate location, time, number, or status? | Prefix |
Tonsillitis | Inflamation of the tonsils |
Tonsill | tonsils |
-itis | inflamation |
Tonsillectomy | the surgical removal of the tonsils |
-ectomy | surgical removal |
Cranium | the portion of the skull that encloses the brain |
crani | skull |
-um | noun ending |
cardiac | pertaining to the heart |
cardi | heart |
-ac | pertaining to |
-osis | abnormal condition or disease |
Gastrosis | any disease of the stomach |
gastr | stomach |
cyan/o | blue |
cyanosis | is blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood. |
erythr/o | red |
erythrocyte | is a mature red blood cell |
-cycte | cell |
leuk/o | white |
leukocyte | is a white blood cell |
melan/o | black |
melanosis | is any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs. |
poli/o | gray |
poliomyelitis | is a viral infection of the gray matter of the spinal cord |
What are the three rules for using combining form vowels? | 1. A combining vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant.
2. A combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel.
3. A combining vowel is used when two or more word roots are joined. |
neur/o | nerve |
-plasty | surgical repair |
neuroplasty | the surgical repair of a nerve |
neuritis | is inflammation of a nerve or nerves |
enter/o | small intestine |
gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and small intestine |
pathology | is the study of all aspects of diseases |
path | disease |
-ology | study of |
Suffixes related to pathology describes specific _________________ ________________. | disease conditions |
-algia | pain and suffering |
gastralgia (stomach ache) | pain in the stomach |
-dynia | pain |
gastrodynia | pain in the stomache |
gastritis | inflammation of the stomach |
-malacia | abnormal softening |
arteriomalacia | abnormal softening of the walls of an atery or arteries |
arteri/o | artery |
-megaly | enlargement |
hepatomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the liver |
hepat/o | liver |
-necrosis | tissue death |
arterionecrosis | the tissue death of an artery or arteries |
-sclerosis | abnormal hardening |
arteriosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries |
-stenosis | abnormal narrowing |
arteriostenosis | abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries |
-centesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purpose or to remove excess fluid. |
abdominocentesis | surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid |
abdomin/o | abdomen |
-graphy | the process of producing a picture or record |
angiography | the process of producing a radiographic (x-ray) study of the blood vessels |
angi/o | blood vessel |
-gram | a picture or record |
-plasty | surgical repair |
myoplasty | the surgical repair of a muscle |
myo | muscle |
-scopy | visual examination |
arthroscopy | visual examination of the internal structure of a joint |
arthr/o | joint |
-rrhage and -rrhagia | bleeding |
hemorrhage | loss of a large amount of blood in a short time |
hem/o | blood |
-rrhapy | surgical suturing to close a wound |
myorrhaphy | surgical suturing of a muscle wound |
-rrhea | flow or discharge |
diarrhea | the frquent flow of loose or watery stools |
-rrhexis | rupture |
myorrhexis | the rupture of a muscle |
natal | pertaining to birth |
nat | birth |
-al | pertaining to |
perinatal | time and events surrounding birth |
pre- | before |
peri- | surrounding |
post- | after |
postnatal | time and events after birth |
otorhinolaryngology | the study of the ears, nose and throat |
ot/o | ear |
rhin/o | nose |
laryng/o | larynx and throat |
lithotomy | surgical incision for the removal of a stone |
lith | stone |
edema | swelling caused by excesss fluid in the body tissues |
appendicitis | inflammation of the appendix |
appendic | appendix |
phalanges | the bones of the fingers and toes |
endarterial | pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery |
end- | within |
arther/o | plaque |
arthr/o | joint |
atheroma | fatty deposit within the wall of an artery |
-oma | tumor |
arthralgia | pain in the joint pr joints |
-ectomy | surgical removal |
appendectomy | surgical removal of the appendix |
-ostomy | surgical creation of an artificial opening |
colostomy | surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface |
col | colon |
-otomy | cutting or surgical incision |
colotomy | surgical incision into the colon |
fissure | a groove or crack like sore of the skin |
fistula | an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs |
ab- | away from |
ad- | towards |
abnormal | not normal; away from normal |
addiction | drawn toward or a strong dependence on a drug or substance |
dys- | bad, difficult, or painful |
dysfunctional | an organ or body part not working properly |
eu- | good, normal, well or easy |
euthyroid | a normally functioning thyroid gland |
hyper- | excessive or increased |
hypertension | higher than normal blood pressure |
hypo- | deficient or decreased |
hypotension | lower than normal blood pressure |
inter- | between or among |
intra- | inside or within |
interstitial | between but not within the parts of a tissue |
intramuscular | within the muscle |
sub- | under, less or below |
super-, supra- | above or excessive |
subcostal | below rib or ribs |
supracostal | above or outside the ribs |
ileum | last and longest portion of the small intestine |
illium | part or the hip bone |
infection | the invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism |
malaise | a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease. |
exudate | fluid such as pus that leaks out of an infected wound |
inflammation | a localized response to an injury or destruction of tissues. |
laceration | a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut wound |
lesion | a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease oer injury |
mucous | specialized mucous membranes that line the body cavities |
mucus | the name of fluid secreted by the mucous membranes |
myc/o | fungus |
mycosis | abnormal condition or disease caused by fungus |
-osis | abnormal condition or disease |
myel/o | bone marrow, spinal cord |
myelopathy | any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord |
myopathy | any pathologic change or disease of the muscle tissue |
-ologist | specialist |
dermatologist | a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin |
dermat | skin |
-ology | the study of |
neonatology | the study of disorders of the newborn |
neo- | new |
palpation | an examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture size consistency and location of certain body parts. |
palpitation | pounding or racing heart |
prostate | a male gland that lies under the urinary bladder and surrounds the urethra |
prostrate | to collapse and be lying flat or to be overcome with exhaustion |
pyel/o | renal pelvis |
pyelitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis |
py/o | pus |
pyoderma | any acute, inflammatory, pus forming bacterial skin infection |
pyr/o | fever or fire |
pyrosis
aka: heartburn | discomfirt due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus |
supination | the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward |
suppuration | the formation or discharge or discharge of pus |
triage | the medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment |
trauma | wound or injury |
viral | pertaining to a virus |
vir | virus or poison |
virile | having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male |
AP | appendectomy or appendicitis |
CFS | chronic fatigue syndrome |
DG, Dg, Diag, diag, DX, Dx | diagnosis |
D/D, DD, DDx, diaf, Diag | differential diagnosis |
He | hemorrhage |
Inflam, Inflamm | inflammation |
PA, Pa, path | pathology |
PN | postnatal |
prog, progn, Prx, Px | prognosis |