Question | Answer |
Dark opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass | pupil |
Behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris. It contains aqueous humor. | anterior chamber |
Fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber | aqueous humor |
Structure on each side of the lens that connects the chorois and iris. | Ciliary body |
Fibrous transparent layer of clear tisue that extends over the anterios portion of the eyeball | cornea |
Tiny pit or depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision | fovea centralis |
Colored pigmented membrane surrounding the pupil of the eye | iris |
Transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye | lens |
Point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain | optic chiasm |
Region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina. Also called the blind spot. | Optic disc |
Cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain | optic nerve |
Light-sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells | retina |
Soft,jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber. | vitreous humor |
Tough, white outer coat of the eyeball | sclera |
Responsible for color and central vision | cones |
Essential for vision in dim light and peripheral vision | rods |
aque/o | water |
blephar/o | eyelid |
conjunctiv/o | conjunctiva |
cor/o | pupil |
corne/o | cornea |
cycl/o | ciliary body |
dacry/o | tears, tear duct |
ir/o, irid/o | iris |
kerat/o | cornea |
lacrim/o | tears |
ocul/o | eye |
ophthalm/o | eye |
opt/o, optic/o | eye, vision |
palpebr/o | eyelid |
papill/o | optic disc |
phac/o, phak/o | lens of the eye |
pupill/o | pupil |
retin/o | retina |
scler/o | sclera |
uve/o | uvea |
vitre/o | glassy |
ambly/o | dull, dim |
dipl/o | double |
glauc/o | gray |
mi/o | smaller, less |
mydr/o | widen, enlarge |
nyct/o | night |
phot/o | light |
presby/o | old age |
scot/o | darkness |
xer/o | dry |
-opia | vision |
-opsia | vision |
-tropia | to turn |
Defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye | astigmatism |
Farsightedness | hyperopia |
Nearsightedness | myopia |
Impairment of vision as a result of old age | presbyopia |
Clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision | cataract |
Retinal effects of diabetes mellitus include microaneurysms, hemorrhages, dilation of retinal veins, and neovacularization | diabetic retinopathy |
Increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision | glaucoma |
Localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid | hordeolum (stye or sty) |
Visual examination of the interior of the eye | ophthalmoscopy |
Clarity of vision is asessed | visual acuity test |
Measures the area within which objects are seen when the eyes are fixed, looking straight ahead without movement of the head | visual field test |
LASIK | laser in situ keratomileusis |
OD | right eye |
OS | left eye |
PERRLA | pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation |
VA | visual acuity |
VF | visual filed |
Channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum | auditory canal |
Carry impulses from the inner ear to the brain | auditory nerve fibers |
Channel between the middle ear and the nasopharynx | auditory tube, eustachian tube |
Flap of the ear, the protruding par of the external ear; pinna | auricle |
Waxy substance secreted by the external ear; ear wax | cerumen |
Snail-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear | cochlea |
Fluid within the labrynth of the inner ear | endolymph |
Second ossicle of the middle ear; anvil | incus |
First ossicle of the middle ear; hammer | malleus |
Sensitive auditory receptor area found in the cochlea of the inner ear | organ of corti |
Small bone of the ear | ossicle |
Membrane between the middle ear and the inner ear | oval window |
Auricle; flap of the ear | pinna |
Passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium | semicircular canals |
Third ossicle of the middle ear; stirrup | stapes |
Membrane between the outer and the middle ear; eardrum | tympanic membrane |
Central cavity of the labrynth, connecting the semicircular canals and the cochlea | vestibule |
acous/o | hearing |
audi/o | hearing |
audit/o | hearing |
aur/o, auricul/o | ear |
cochle/o | cochlea |
mastoid/o | mastoid process |
myring/o | eardrum |
ossicul/o | ossicle |
ot/o | ear |
salping/o | eustachian tube |
staped/o | stapes |
tympan/o | eardrum; tympanic membrane |
vestibul/o | vestibule |
-acusis, -cusis | hearing |
-meter | instrument to measure |
-otia | ear condition |
Disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear | Meniere disease |
Inflammation of the middle ear | otitis media |
Sensation of noises in the ears | tinnitus |
Sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself or of external objects | vertigo |
Testing the sense of hearing | audiometry |
Visual examination of the ear with an otoscope | otoscopy |
Test of ear conduction using a vibration source (tuning fork) | tuning fork test |
AD | right ear |
AS | left ear |
EENT | eyes, ears, nose and throat |
ENT | ears, nose and throat |