Question | Answer |
cryptorchidism | 4% of newborns no descent of the testes ( increased risk of germ cell tumor and infertility) |
Testicular torsion | testis twist on their cord resulting in hrmorrhagic infarct and venous occlusion violence |
Paradoxical torsion | during sleep |
Varicocele | venous plexus enlarges resulting in increased blood flow and infertility? |
Hydrocele | intestines in the testis |
all germ cell testiculular tumors have the word? | seminoma |
Seminoma | most common yellow tan with no necrosis INCREASED HCG |
Anaplsatic seminoma | more pleomorphic with more metosis form ALL are radiation sensitive Increased HCG |
Spermatocytic Seminoma | more differenticated NEVER MIXED with no counterpart and almost NEVER mets |
ovarian counterpart to testicular seminoma | Dysgerminoma |
Embryonal cell carcinoma | pleomorphic hemorrhagic and necrotic |
Polyembryona cell carcinoma | embryonal cell carinoma with many embryo like structures that is VERY METASTATIC via lymphatics and hamatagenous routes |
Yolk sac Tumor | like ovarian named via Schiller duval bodies and Secretes Alpha feto protein common in young boys as pure and older men as mixed |
schiller duval bodies | resemble rat embryos found in yolk sac tumors of the ovary and testes |
yolk sac tumors are mostly mixed with? | embryonal cell tumors |
Teratoma | if prepuberty benign if post think malignant |
Teratocarcinoma | a mix of embryonal and teratoma tumors |
choriocarcinoma | PURE RARE FATAL- need cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast with hemorrhage and necrosis in young with HEMOPTYSIS and HCG producted |
Mixed Choriocarcinoma | exception to the rule any mixing makes this better . reactive to treatment but very destructive so that it is still possible to cause mortality |
Mixed Germ Cell Carcinoma | 1/2 will be mixed very common take prognosis of worse except with choriocarcinoma |
Stromal Tumors | Leydig and Sertoli cells may be hormonally active often benign |
Congenital Penile diseases | hypospadius (ventr) epispadius (dorsal) phimosis(small prepuce) Paraphimosis (forced over prepuce) |
Infections of the penis | balanoposthitis, peyronies, priapism |
Condylomas of the penis | condyloma lata and giant condyloma of Buschke lowenstein |
Carcinoma in situ of the penis | aka erythroplasia of queyrat or Bowens pink red velvety plaques that are hyperchromatic and have atypical mitotic figures NO METS POTENTIAL |
Bowenoid papulosis | in young boys does not seem to progress |
concyloma lata | secondary syphilis (NOT VIRAL) |
Giant condyloma of buschke lowenstein | well differentiated verrucous SCC |
Balanoposthitis | non specific inf of staph or strep |
Peyronie | proliferation of fibrotic tissue results in curvature w/erection |
Priapism | persistant erection |
Congenital problems with the prostate | Stenotic urethral valve resulting in hydronephrosis and failure |
Nodular hypeplasia | dilation of the prostate common with advancing age 90% in men over 70 AFFECTS THE CENTRAL PORTION |
how do you treat Nodular and etiology | from imbalance of testosterone resulting in hyperplasia treat with 5 alpha reductase to block testoster conversion to dihydrotestosteron |
Adenocarcinoma | most common carcinoma in men rare before age 50 affects the periphery of the prostate which is why a rectal exam is so important can be treated with follow up alone |