Question | Answer |
intraductal papilloma | large duct with subaereolar location and discharge |
who gets intraductal papillomas | women in their 50s (younger women may have them in smaller ducts) |
are intraductal papillomas benigh or malignant | beign but may have a carcinoma in situ |
what is the lining of the intraductal papilloma | epithelial and myoepithelial cell linings |
nipple papilloma | subaereolar mass with discharge and errosion that looks like Padget's disease |
what is the histology of nipple papilloma | papillary architecture with myoepithelial cells |
what are the carcinomas in situ of the breast | ductal, lobular and padgets |
what is ductal carcinoma in situ | ductal type carcinoma confined in the cells |
how is ductal carcinoma distributed | usually unifocal with risk on the ipsilateral side |
what carcinoma in situ makes you watch only the affected side | ductal carcinoma in situ |
all carcinoma in situs have? | microcalcifications |
what can increase the risk of invasion with ductal carcinoma in situ | comedo necrosis with microcalcifications in debris |
what is the most important risk determinant with carcinomas in situ | grade |
how are lobular carcinomas in situ distributed | multifocal with worry about both breasts |
which in situ carcinoma makes you worry about both breasts | lobular carcinoma in situ |
what percent of lobular carcinomas in situ are bilateral | 30-40% |
lobular carcinoma in situ may leads to? | invasive lobular or ductal carcinoma |
padgets disease | tumor confined in the epithelium of the nipple |
what does pagets disease look like | nipple ulcerated with eczema like changes |
padges is usually associated with? | underlying carcinoma |
50-70% of invasive breast cancers are? | invasive ductal carcinomas |
how do invasive ductal carcinomas present | mass in cords, nests, or tubules |
what is the second most common invasive carcinoma of the breast | invasive lobular carcinoma |
how do invasive lobular carcinomas present | not as a mass they are too diffuse and lack desmoplasia (fibroblasts) |
how do malignancies of Lobular invasive carcinoma arrange themselves | small malignancies in tiny cords single file |
10 percent of invasive lobular carcinomas can produce a carcinoma on what side | same or opposite |
besides invasive lobular and ductal what are the other invasive carcinomas | medullary, tubular, mucinous |
inflammatory carcinoma | not distinct but appears a a peu de orange with spread over the skin of the breast |
how long does someone with inflammatory carcinoma live | less than 2 years usually |
Phylloid turmo | leaf like tumor that occurs around age 45 with hypercellualar overgrowth of bland ductal elements |
what is gynecomastia | gland or stromal hyperplasia in men |
what are some causes of gynecomastia | increased estrogen, decreased androgen, cirrhosis and estrogen therapy |
when does gynecomastia start to present | at puberty there is usually also hypogonadism |
what syndrome is associated with gynecomastia | kleinfelter's syndrome |
what percent of all breast cancer are men | 1% |
what increases a man's chance of having breast cancer | age and klinefelters syndrome |
how do men with breast cancer present | nipple abnormalities (maybe discharge or breast abnormality |
prognosis in men depends on? | STAGE |