Generic Name | Trade Name(s) | Mechanism of Action | Predominant Therapeutic Use(s) |
Acetaminophen | Tyleonol; other | mechanism of ANALGESIA unknown; ANTIPYRETIC action due to central (hypothalamic) inhibition of endogenous pyrogens | analgesic, antipyretic |
Albuterol | Ventolin, Proventil; other | Selective beta-2 receptor agonist | Bronchodilator |
Alendronate | Fosamax | Bisphosphonate; inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption | Osteoporosis |
Amlodipine | Norvasc | Dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist | Hypertension; angina |
Amoxicillin | Amoxil; Trimox; others | Antibiotic: Bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitor | UTI; URTI (otitis media/sinusitus) |
Amoxicillin with Clavulanate | Augmentin | Antibiotic: bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitor with beta lactamase inhibitor | UTI, URTI (otitis med/sinusitis) + diabetic foot ulcer and CAP |
Aspirin | Other | Acetylates platelet cyclooxygenase; inhibits prostaglandin synthesis | Antiplatelet (post MI), Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Analgesic |
Atorvastatin | Lipitor | Hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMGcoA) reductase inhibitor: blocks endogenous cholesterol synthesis | Hypercholesterolemia; Mixed hyperlipidemia (both cholesterol/TAG elevation) |
Azithromycin | Zithromax; Zpack | Macrolide antibiotic that binds to the 50s ribosomal subunits of bacteria and suppresses protein synthesis | URTI; LRTI including sinusitis, CAP, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis; includes coverage of some atypical orgs such as chlamydia, legionella, and mycoplasma |
Buproprion | Wellbutrin; Zyban; others | Norepinepthrin and dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NRI/DRI) | Antidepressant/Smoking cessation |
Celecoxib | Celebrex | Selective cycloxygenase 2 inhibitor; inhibits prostaglandin production | Analgesic; Anti-inflammatory |
Cephalexin | Keflex; other | Bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitor | Skin and Soft Tissue infections; UTI |
Cetirizine | Zyrtec | Nonsedating antihistamine | Allergic sinusitis/rhinitis |
Ciprofloxacin | Cipro | Interferes with DNA gyrase, an enzyme necessary for the synthesis of bacterial DNA | UTI; systemic infections where gram negative organisms are suspected; Gonorrhea |
Clopidogrel | Plavix | Selective and Irreversible inhibitor of platelet activation by binding to the ADP-dependent receptor on platelets | Antiplatelet |
Diazepam | Valium; other | Benzodiazepine receptor agonist | muscle relaxant, anxiolytic; anticonvulsant; alcohol withdrawl |
Digoxin | Lanoxin; other | myocardial Na-K ATPase pump inhibitor; increased contractility and increased vagal tone to heart, slowing AV conduction | CHF (inotrope), controls HR in supraventricular tachyarrhythmias |
Diltiazem | Cardizem; Tiazac | Calcium channel blocker | HTN, Angina, slow HR in supraventricular tachyarrhythmias |
Doxazosin | Cardura | alpha-1 receptor antagonist | HTN; prostatic hypertophy |
Erythromycin | Ery-tab; other | macrolide antibiotic that binds to the 50s ribosomal subunits of bacteria and suppress protein synthesis | alternative when patient is allergic to penicillin; URTI; LRTI; Skin and soft tissue infex; includes coverage of some atypical orgs such as chlamydia, legionella, and mycoplasma |
Fluticasone | Flovent; Flonase | inhibits phospholipase A2 and other multiple antiinflammatory actions | inhaled antiinflammatory agent for treatment of persistent asthma; nasal for allergic rhinitis |
Fosinipril | Monopril | ACE inhibitor | HTN; CHF |
Furosemide | Lasix | blocks sodium reabsorbtion from ascending limb of Loop of Henle | (loop) diuretic |
Gemfibrozil | Lopid; other | increases lipoprotein lipase activity and decreases VLDL synthesis in the liver | hypertriglyceridemia |
Glyburide | Diabeta; Micronase; other | sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent that increases insulin secretion from the pancreas | DM type 2 |
Hydrochlorthiazide (HCTZ) | other | blocks sodium reabsorption from the proximal portion of the DCT | (thiazide) diuretic, HTN |
Ibuprofen | Advil; Motrin; Motrin IB; other | inhibits cycloxygenase; inhibits prostaglandin production | Antiinflammatory; Antipyretic; analgesic |
Insulin | Humulin; Novolin; Giargine; Lispro | binds to endogenous insulin receptor | DM type 1 or 2 |
Ipratropium bromide | Atrovent | cholinergic receptor antagonist | bronchodilator for COPD |
Levofloxacin | Levaquin | quinolone antibiotic; interferes with DNA gyrase, an enzyme necesssary for the synthesis of bacterial DNA | UTI; CAP; Gonorrhea |
Lisinopril | Prinivil; Zestril | ACE inhibitor | HTN; CHF |
Lorazepam | Ativan; other | bendodiazepine receptor agonist | anxiolytic; anticonvulsant; antiemetic (combined with other agents); alcohol withdrawl |
Losartan | Cozaar | Angiotensin II receptor agonist | HTN, Nephropathy in DM type 2 |
Metformin | Glucophage | biguanide antidiabetic; decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity | DM type 2 |
Metoprolol | Lopressor; Toprol XL; other | selective B1 receptor agonist | HTN, Angina, heart failure, post MI |
Montelukast | Singulair | Leukotriene receptor antagonist | mild persistent asthma |
Morphine | MS Contin; Oramorph; other | opiate agonist | analgesic |
Naproxen | Aleive; Naprosyn; Anaprox; other | inhibits cyclooxygenase; inhibits prostaglandin production | anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic |
Nifedipine | Procardia; Adalat; Other | calcium channel antagonist | HTN |
Omeprazole | Prilosec | Na-H ATPase enzyme inhibitor; blocks gastric acid secretion | gastric ulcer; duodenal ulcer; GERD |
Oxycodone (alone or with acetaminophen) | Oxycontin (Percocet); Other | opiate agonist | analgesic |
Paroxetine | Paxil | SSRI | depression, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder |
Penicillin VK | Veetids; other | bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitor (Penicillin abx) | upper and lower RTI |
Phenytoin | Dilantin; other | Na channel blocker | Anticonvulsant |
Prednisone | Deltasone; other | inhibits phospholipase A2 and other multiple antiinflammatory actions | oral antiinflammatory agent for treatment of multiple inflammatory conditions |
Propanolol | Inderal; other | non-selective Beta1/Beta2 antagonist | HTN, Angina, Slow HR, Migraine |
Ranitidine | Zantac | histamine-2 receptor blocker; reduces gastric acidity | duodenal ulcer; gastric ulcer; GERD |
Rosiglitazone | Avandia | insulin sensitizer; improves insulin action in the presence of insulin | DM type 2 |
Salmeterol | Serevent | Long Acting selective B2 receptor agonist | bronchodilator |
Sertraline | Zoloft | SSRI | depression, OCD, panic attacks |
Sildenafil | Viagra | selective inhibitor of cGMP phophodiesterase type 5 (PDE) | erectile dysfunciton |
Simivastatin | Zocor | HMGCoA reductase inhibitor | hypercholesterolemia; mixed hyperlipidemia (both cholesterol and triglyceride elevation) |
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole | Bactrim, Septra; other | antibiotic; sequential antimetabolite | UTI; URTI (otitis; sinusitis); Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia |
Verapamil | Calan; Isoptin; other | calcium channel antagonist | HTN, angina; slows HR; supraventricular tachyarrhythmias |
Warfarin | Coumadin; other | Vitamin K antagonist | Anticoagulation |